A Review on the Novel Coronavirus Disease based on In-silico Analysis of Various Drugs and Target Proteins
Pandemic, WHO, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is a new disease that emerged in Wuhan, China which spreads throughclose contact of people, often by small droplets produced during coughing or sneezing. Detail mechanismby which it spreads between people are under investigation. The World Health Organization (WHO)declared this disease as a pandemic after the severity of the disease increased. Many scientific reportsgathered have suggested many drugs that could be potential candidates for the treatment. Although,clinical effectiveness has not been fully evaluated. In this review, we have aggregated the data fromfew research articles, official news websites and few review papers regarding its phylogenetic relation,genomic constitution, transmission, replication and in-silico analysis done by researchers for fewpotent drugs that are currently used to cure COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to Betacoronavirus genuswith Genome structure consists 14 Open Reading Frames (ORFs) that encode 27 proteins. Coronavirusreplicates into the host cells having unique mechanisms like ribosome frame-shifting and synthesisof genomic and sub genomic RNAs. In-silico methods have the advantage that they can make fastpredictions for a large set of compounds in a high-throughput mode and also make their predictionbased on the structure of a compound even before it has been synthesized. In-silico softwares havebeen used to find or to improve a novel bioactive compound, which may exhibit a strong affinity to aparticular target in the drug development process.
Hetalkumar Panchal, Hiren A. Dhameliya, Gauravi N. Trivedi, Janhavi T. Karlekar
Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology