Plantas medicinais em quintais urbanos de Rio Branco, Acre Medicinal plants in urban backyards in Rio Branco, Acre
Agricultura urbana, Amazon, Amazônia, diversidade vegetal, fitoterapia, phytoterapy, plant diversity, urban agriculture
Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar levantamento das espécies vegetais de uso medicinal cultivadas em quintais urbanos da cidade de Rio Branco. Foram realizadas entrevistas presenciais com aplicação de questionário especifico registrando as espécies vegetais de uso medicinal e dados sócio-econômicos dos moradores em 132 quintais urbanos de Rio Branco entre 2009 e 2010. Os bairros selecionados para o estudo foram: Aeroporto Velho, Placas, e Novo Horizonte, todos situados na periferia do município. Foram detectadas 83 espécies vegetais de uso medicinal pertencente a 50 famílias botânicas com destaque para Lamiaceae (12,0%) e Asteraceae (6,0%), sendo 66,2% exóticas, e 28,9% e 16,8%, associadas ao uso alimentar e ornamental, respectivamente. A decocção das folhas visando à obtenção do chá foi o principal modo de preparo das plantas. A análise de regressão logística entre a riqueza de espécies e diversos fatores socioeconômicos dos entrevistados mostrou que a probabilidade de ocorrência de espécies é três vezes maior em quintais manejados por moradores com idade superior a 50 anos de idade. A análise de correlação não paramétrica de fatores quantitativos mostrou que a variável tempo de moradia está mais correlacionada com a riqueza de plantas medicinais do que a variável idade. O cultivo das plantas medicinais em quintais urbanos de Rio Branco auxilia no combate a doenças e promove a conservação ex situ da agrobiodiversidade agroflorestal, bem estar aos moradores pela melhoria da paisagem, ambiência microclimática e espaço de lazer.This study aimed to survey the medicinal plant species grown in urban backyards in the city of Rio Branco. Personal interviews were conducted by applying a specific questionnaire recording the plant species of medicinal use and the socioeconomic data of residents in 132 urban backyards in Rio Branco between 2009 and 2010. The districts selected for the study were 'Aeroporto Velho', 'Placas' and 'Novo Horizonte', all situated on the outskirts of the city. We detected 83 medicinal plant species belonging to 50 botanical families, especially Lamiaceae (12.0%) and Asteraceae (6.0%), of which 66.2% are exotic, and 28.9% and 16.8% are associated with food and ornamental use, respectively. Decoction of the leaves in order to obtain tea was the main mode of preparation of these plants. Logistic regression analysis between species richness and various socioeconomic factors of the interviewees showed that the probability of occurrence of species is threefold higher in backyards managed by residents older than 50 years. Nonparametric correlation analysis of quantitative factors showed that the variable time of residence is more correlated to the richness of medicinal plants than to the variable age. Cultivation of medicinal plants in urban backyards in Rio Branco helps prevent diseases and promote ex situ conservation of agroforest agrobiodiversity, welfare to the residents by improving the landscape, microclimate ambiance and entertainment space.
A. Siviero, T.A. Delunardo, M. Haverroth, L.C. Oliveira, A.M.S. Mendonça
Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais
El Documental Interactivo en la Era Transmedia: De Géneros Híbridos y Nuevos Códigos Narrativos
ECOLOGÍA DE MEDIOS, Historytelling, Periodismo, Tiempo Real, Transmedia, documental
El nuevo escenario mediático, marcado por la convergencia de dispositivos y cruzado transversalmente por las Narrativas Transmedia, ha abierto enormes perspectivas a nuevas formas de producción y consumo para el género Documental. El clásico producto analógico/audiovisual, es capaz de reconvertirse en digital e interactivo extendiendo un nuevo relato hipertextual, a través de diversos medios y plataformas con participación activa de los usuarios. El género documental, que ha cumplido históricamente un rol fundamental en la cultura, adquiere hoy nuevos límites creativos gracias a la tecnología. Frente a este contexto, el desafío para los creadores reside en ser capaces de hallar códigos narrativos originales para los medios del siglo XXI. El presente artículo pretende analizar estas nuevas formas de producción y consumo adquiridas por el género a través de los casos de estudio 'Proyecto Walsh' (2010) y 'Malvinas/30' (2012). Interactive Documentary in the Transmedia Age: Hibryd Genres and New Narrative Codes The new media landscape, marked by the convergence of devices and cross-cut by transmedia narratives, has opened up huge prospects for new forms of production and consumption of gender documentary. The classic analog/audiovisual product can be switched to digital and interactive, spreading a new hypertext narrative through various means and platforms with active user participation. The documentary genre, which has historically played a key role in culture, has now acquired new creative boundaries thanks to technology. The challenge for the creators lies in being able to find narrative codes for the 21st century. This article aims to analyse these new forms of production and consumption acquired by the genre through case studies of 'Project Walsh '(2010) and 'Malvinas/30 '(2012). Keywords: Documentary, Transmedia, Journalism, Rel Time, Historytelling, Media Ecology.
Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya
http://revistesdigitals.uvic.cat/index.php/obradigital/article/view/52
Association between income and management competencies in the perception of tabaco farmer’s in Santa Catarina: a resource based view approach (RBV)
Agricultura Familiar, Estabelecimento agropecuário, Visão Baseada em Recursos, capacidades
The Resource-Based View advocates that agricultural establishments should stand out from others regarding economic performance due to ownership and use of strategic resources. The article aims to analyze the association between income heterogeneity obtained from agricultural years 2014/15, 2015/16, 2016/17 and 2017/18, of agricultural establishments that produce tobacco in Santa Catarina, and the management skills perceived by farmers. It is a study with quantitative research approach and data treated with descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The results suggest the skills related to 'Internet use for management', 'Use of rural credit and other Family Agriculture policies', 'Availability of machinery and equipment' and 'Use of production technologies' are related to the income obtained in the four agricultural years. Finally, the article addresses an important theme related to management skills perceived by farmers, has a primary data collection in a significant number of agricultural establishments, and, dares a relationship little explored between the RBV and the income of agricultural establishments.
Luis Augusto Araujo, Elizabete Catapan, Marcia Mondardo
https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/economia/article/view/60009
Economics as a science, Economic history and conditions
Caracterización multivariada de fincas productoras de tarwi (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) del Valle del Mantaro, Perú
characterization, multivariate analysis, rural producers, tarwi, typification
The objective of the work was to characterize the tarwi producing units in the Mantaro Valley, Junín-Peru. The source of information was the producers of tarwi (N = 490) that made up the study sample (n= 114) of four inter-Andean localities: Acolla, Cruz Pampa, Quicha Grande and Hualahoyo. The datacollection was carried out through structured surveys that included topics in technical and socio-economic aspects, and were analyzed using multivariate analysis techniques. The results obtainedfrom the typification of rural producers of the Andean ecosystem, allowed to identify threemanagement forms well differentiated from each other, product of factor analysis by factor rotation,varimax with Kaiser normalization and Cluster Analysis Ward method. The synthetic variablesconstituted 'resources of the property' with explanatory power of 26.71% (6 variables, 56.14% of thesample); 'Socio-environmental reality' with 7.59% (2 variables, 29.83% of the sample) and 'socialdimension' with 5.00% (1 variable, 14.04%). 'Resources of the property' was the majority of small andmedium producers, with vast Andean rural experience, traditional technology and great uniformitywithin their type, using only their available resources to the logic of their production, certainly withdifferent strengths and weaknesses.
Alberto Julca Otiniano, Vidal César Aquino Zacarías, Félix Camarena Mayta, Jorge E. Jiménez
http://revistas.unitru.edu.pe/index.php/scientiaagrop/article/view/1939
Un estudio de agricultura y ruralidad en el territorio de la Patagonia norte. Posiciones, acciones directas y negociación local / A study of agriculture and rural life in the territory of northern Patagonia. Positions, direct action and local negotiation
acciones directas, actores sociales, negociación local, posiciones
Esta propuesta atiende la relación Agricultura/Ruralidad en la zona tradicional del Alto Valle en Neuquén. El artículo analiza las posiciones de los actores sociales, la negociación local y las acciones directas en tanto estrategias de resistencia activas colectivas de los sectores que integran el circuito frutícola, frente a la cambiante evolución de la economía sectorial y global. El estudio se plantea en un contexto de conflicto de intereses entre distintos actores sociales, agrarios y no agrarios. La localidad de Colonia Centenario, ubicada en el Alto Valle neuquino, posee un fuerte dinamismo de actores sociales. La relación agricultura/ruralidad se plantea como una relación asimétrica construida por los sujetos, en tanto actor rural local y regional. En ese escenario, los desarrollos empíricos evidencian los “nuevos” rasgos de la agricultura en el área agrícola de colonización inicial de Centenario, donde aún existe un protagonismo de la agricultura familiar, no sin resistencias e iniciativas. Esas tensiones sociales reconfiguran el mapa a nivel de territorio y de estructura social. This proposal is focused on the relationship Agriculture/Rural Affairs in the traditional area of Alto Valle located in Neuquén. The article analyzes the positions of social actors, local negotiation and direct action as active resistance collective strategies of the sectors that make up the fruit circuit, facing the changing evolution of the sector and global economy. The study arises in a context of conflict of interests between different social, agricultural and non-agricultural actors. The town of Colonia Centenario, located in the Upper Valley of Neuquén, has a strong dynamism of social actors. The agriculture/rurality relationship is presented as an asymmetrical relationship built by subjects as local and regional rural actors. In this scenario, the empirical developments have shown the 'new' features of agriculture in the area of initial colonization of Centenario, where family farming still has a central role, not without resistance and initiatives. These social tensions provide new configurations of the territory and social structure. Keywords: social actors, positions, direct action, local negotiation
http://revele.uncoma.edu.ar/htdoc/revele/index.php/revistadelafacultad/article/view/2113
Social Sciences, Social sciences (General)
Estado e agricultores familiares: uma análise interpretativa sobre o desenvolvimento rural no Sul de Minas Gerais
Agricultura Familiar, Estado, análise interpretativa, desenvolvimento rural, familiar agriculture, interpretative analysis, rural development, state
Este trabalho procurou identificar como os atores sociais vinculados à agricultura familiar (lideranças de produtores familiares, profissionais de ciências agrárias, autoridades municipais, pesquisadores e professores universitários) interpretam o papel do Estado para o desenvolvimento dessa categoria na região sul de Minas Gerais. Com relação à coleta de dados, utilizou-se a técnica 'focused interview'. Os entrevistados foram seledonados pelo método não-probabilístico de amostragem por julgamento. Os resultados revelaram que a interpretação feita pelos entrevistados aproxima-se mais da perspectiva do Estado patrimonialistaburocrático autoritário, tendo em vista que os depoimentos dos entrevistados corroboram com a reprodução das relações de dependência dos agricultores familiares em relação ao Estado. Por outro lado, alguns atores reconhecem a necessidade de mecanismos que incentivem a participação social, no entanto, salientaram que a mobilização dos produtores familiares na região ainda é incipiente e desarticulada.This paper aims to identify how the social individuals linked to family agriculture (leadership of familiar producers, professionals of agrarian sciences, town authorities, researchers and university professors) play the role of the State for the development of this category in the South Region of Minas Gerais. ln relation to the data collection, the technique called 'focused interview' was used. The interviewees wcre selected by the non probabilistic sampling by judgement method. The results revealed that the interpretation done by the interviewees is closest to the patrimonialistic, bureaucratic and authoritative State's perspective, as the statements suggest a bigger State's intervention. On the other side, some individuals recognize the necessity of the mechanisms that encourage social participation, although mentioning that the familiar producers' mobilization in the region is still incipient and inarticulate.
Patrícia Aparecida Ferreira, José Roberto Pereira, Edgard Alencar, Ana Carolina Santana
Sociedade Brasileira de Economia e Sociologia Rural
Agricultura familiar, pluriactividad y desarrollo rural en el sur de Brasil
Cambio social, Sociedad rural, estructura social agraria, latinoamérica
En este artículo se analiza la importancia de la agricultura familiar en el desanollo de las áreas rurales brasileñas, con especial atención al caso de la Región Sur. Su autor analiza, en primer lugar, las nociones de 'agricultura a tiempo parcial' y 'pluriactividad', y las conecta con los distintos debates sobre la agricultura. Señala que, mientras el primer concepto puede ser relacionado con la etapa de hegemonía del paradigma de la modernización, el segundo (la pluriactividad) lo está con la etapa actual, dominada por el paradigma de la multiftmcionalidad. En segundo lugar, analiza el proceso de modernización que tuvo lugar en Brasil en la década de los 60, y los efectos de exclusión social que dicho proceso tuvo sobre los pequeños agricultores familiares. En tercer lugar, por último, analiza la relevancia de la agricultura familiar en el actual proceso de desarrollo, y el papel importante que juega la pluriactividad en la dinamización de las zonas rurales.
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
http://revintsociologia.revistas.csic.es/index.php/revintsociologia/article/view/746
Implicações da apropriação da categoria 'agricultura familiar' na trajetória da organização dos agricultores do Alto Uruguai do RS
Collective identity, FETRAF, alto uruguay, family agriculture, social movements, sul
This article aims at to discuss the subject of the potential of the social movements in the renewal of the society starting from the case of the farmers´ movement in the area of Alto Uruguay in the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS). Based on the assumption that is for best understanding the renovating potential of the movement it becomes necessary to contextualize formerly the process of construction of farmer¿s collective identity revealing its multiple determinations shown. Therefore, they are regarded specifically to the processes of construction of the identity of the 'family agriculture', of turning positive this form of agriculture and of the identity differentiation regarding other active movements in the area of Alto Uruguay. Besides, the analysis of this case is particularly enlightener of how a movement of farmers gets to transform its form of social inclusion and the way how it is recognized socially (positively) and to maintain unaffected, at the same time, some practices and conservative conceptions characteristics of the 'old colonies of immigrants'.
Everton Lazzaretti Picolotto, Vivien Diesel
Universidade Regional do Noroeste do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Analysis of Covariance with Spatially Correlated Secondary Variables Análisis de covarianzas con variables secundarias correlacionadas espacialmente
Covariate, Spatial analysis, análisis de covarianzas, cokriging, covariance analysis, covarianza, covarianza espacial
Advances in precision agriculture allow researchers to capture data more frequently and in more detail. For example, it is typical to collect 'on-the-go' data such as soil electrical conductivity readings. This creates the opportunity to use these measurements as covariates for the primary response variable to possibly increase experimental precision. Moreover, these measurements are also spatially referenced to one another, creating the need for methods in which spatial locations play an explicit role in the analysis of the data. Data sets which contain measurements on a spatially referenced response and covariate are analyzed using either cokriging or spatial analysis of covariance. While cokriging accounts for the correlation structure of the covariate, it is purely a predictive tool. Alternatively, spatial analysis of covariance allows for parameter estimation yet disregards the correlation structure of the covariate. A method is proposed which both accounts for the correlation in and between the response and covariate and allows for the estimation of model parameters; also, this method allows for analysis of covariance when the response and covariate are not colocated.Los avances en agricultura de precisión permiten a los investigadores obtener datos con más frecuencia y en detalle. Por ejemplo, es común colectar 'en el transcurso' datos como lecturas de electro-conductividad del suelo. Esto crea la oportunidad de usar estas medidas como covariables para incrementar la precisión experimental de la variable de respuesta. Aún más, estas medidas están espacialmente relacionadas entre sí, creando la necesidad de métodos en los cuales la ubicación espacial representa un papel explícito en el análisis de los datos. Se analizan conjuntos de datos que contienen variables de respuesta y covariables espacialmente relacionadas, usando el método cokriging o el análisis espacial de covarianza. Aunque el método cokriging usa la estructura de correlación de la covariable, es una herramienta puramente predictiva. Alternativamente, el análisis espacial de covarianza permite la estimación de parámetros pero sin tener en cuenta la estructura de correlación de la covariable. El presente artículo propone un método que tiene en cuenta la correlación en la covariable, así como la correlación entre la covariable y la variable de respuesta, permitiendo la estimación de los parámetros del modelo. De la misma manera, este método permite el análisis espacial de covarianza cuando la variable de respuesta y la covariable no están colocalizadas.
ROGER EIGENBERG, JEFFREY PEDERSEN, STEPHEN KACHMAN, DAVID MARX, TISHA HOOKS
DE BATESON A INGOLD: PASSOS NA CONSTITUIÇÃO DE UM PARADIGMA ECOLÓGICO
Culture, ciência, cultura, ecology, ecología, environment, meio ambiente, nature, natureza, science
Em 2000 foi finalmente reeditado o mais importante livro de Gregory Bateson, Steps to an Ecology of Mind. Nesse mesmo ano, foi lançado o livro de Tim Ingold, The Perception of the Environment, que retoma muitas das preocupações de Bateson. Este ensaio considera que esses dois eventos marcam passos importantes na constituição de um 'paradigma ecológico', o qual vem responder a alguns dilemas que rondam a antropologia e abrir perspectivas para um diálogo interdisciplinar em novas bases.Gregory Bateson’s most important book, Steps to an Ecology of Mind, was finally re-edited in 2000. In the same year, Tim Ingold’s book, The Perception of the Environment, which takes up many of Bateson’s preocupations, was released. This essay proposes that these two events represent important steps towards an 'ecological paradigm', which attempts to answer some of anthropology’s dilemas, and open up perspectives for interdisciplinary dialogue on new terms.
Ethnology. Social and cultural anthropology