182 10 20655 https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/cebcbc9e3f706ec99185a49b17c9cef1.pdf f13db01bf43a0bfec327af47473fc190 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Analysing and Comparing Warrantless Tax Inspections and Searches Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fareed Moosa Description An account of the resource Sections 45 and 63 of the Tax Administration Act 28 of 2011 (TAA) confer drastic information gathering powers on officials of the South African Revenue Service (SARS). On the one hand, section 45 permits warrantless routine (non-targeted) and non-routine (targeted) inspections by a SARS official in respect of records, books of accounts and documents found at premises where a taxpayer is reasonably believed to be conducting a trade or enterprise. The purpose of such inspection is to determine whether there has been compliance with specific obligations by the taxpayer. Section 63, on the other hand, permits, on the grounds of urgency and expediency in exceptional circumstances only, warrantless non-routine (targeted) searches by a senior SARS official of a taxpayer and of third parties associated with a taxpayer, as well as searches of a taxpayer's premises and those of third parties. In addition, section 63 permits the seizure of relevant material found at premises searched. All searches and seizures must occur for the purposes of the efficient and effective administration of tax Acts generally. A comparative analysis of sections 45 and 63 of the TAA reveals the existence of key differences in the substance and practical operation of their provisions. This article distils these differences through an in-depth discussion of the nature and extent of the powers of inspection and search conferred by these provisions, as well as by conceptualising the terms “inspection” and “search” for the purposes of sections 45 and 63 respectively. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019 Subject The topic of the resource Tax Administration Act - inspections - searches, tax law Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.17159/1727-3781/2019/v22i0a4705 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available North-West University Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence Language A language of the resource AF, DE, EN, NL https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/ff5fcc558efbea74195872711697c452.pdf b919e97983e08212534a2d906eee6767 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Real-time Forecast of Multiphase Outbreak Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ying-Hen Hsieh, Yuansen Cheng Description An account of the resource We used a single equation with discrete phases to fit the daily cumulative case data from the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreak in Toronto. This model enabled us to estimate turning points and case numbers during the 2 phases of this outbreak. The 3 estimated turning points are March 25, April 27, and May 24. The estimated case number during the first phase of the outbreak between February 23 and April 26 is 140.53 (95% confidence interval [CI] 115.88–165.17) if we use the data from February 23 to April 4; and 249 (95% CI: 246.67–251.25) at the end of the second phase on June 12 if we use the data from April 28 to June 4. The second phase can be detected by using case data just 3 days past the beginning of the phase, while the first and third turning points can be identified only ≈10 days afterwards. Our modeling procedure provides insights into ongoing outbreaks that may facilitate real-time public health responses. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Subject The topic of the resource SARS, emerging infectious disease, Canada, Toronto, turning point, Richards model Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1201.050396 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/ce29cf2a05edc7f9b22b2304f97ca219.pdf b5c5feab69601cab9a741940e57c77d8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emerging Infectious Diseases: a 10-Year Perspective from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Anthony S. Fauci, Nancy A. Touchette, Gregory K. Folkers Description An account of the resource Although optimists once imagined that serious infectious disease threats would by now be conquered, newly emerging (e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS]), reemerging (e.g., West Nile virus), and even deliberately disseminated infectious diseases (e.g., anthrax bioterrorism) continue to appear throughout the world. Over the past decade, the global effort to identify and characterize infectious agents, decipher the underlying pathways by which they cause disease, and develop preventive measures and treatments for many of the world’s most dangerous pathogens has resulted in considerable progress. Intramural and extramural investigators supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease (NIAID) have contributed substantially to this effort. This review highlights selected NIAID-sponsored research advances over the past decade, with a focus on progress in combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, influenza, SARS, West Nile virus, and potential bioterror agents. Many basic research discoveries have been translated into novel diagnostics, antiviral and antimicrobial compounds, and vaccines, often with extraordinary speed. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005 Subject The topic of the resource Emerging diseases, HIV, Tuberculosis, Malária, SARS, West Nile Virus Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1104.041167 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/01f3b446d79c53440167e307ff881f70.pdf 957960427c2a554ea974061e8c9f70cb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Clinical Manifestations, Laboratory Findings, and Treatment Outcomes of SARS Patients Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jann-Tay Wang, Wang-Huei Sheng, Chi-Tai Fang, Yee-Chun Chen, Jiun-Ling Wang, Chong-Jen Yu, Shan-Chwen Chang, Pan-Chyr Yang Description An account of the resource Clinical and laboratory data on severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), particularly on the temporal progression of abnormal laboratory findings, are limited. We conducted a prospective study on the clinical, radiologic, and hematologic findings of SARS patients with pneumonia, who were admitted to National Taiwan University Hospital from March 8 to June 15, 2003. Fever was the most frequent initial symptom, followed by cough, myalgia, dyspnea, and diarrhea. Twenty-four patients had various underlying diseases. Most patients had elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and lymphopenia. Other common abnormal laboratory findings included leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated levels of aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase. These clinical and laboratory findings were exacerbated in most patients during the second week of disease. The overall case-fatality rate was 19.7%. By multivariate analysis, underlying disease and initial CRP level were predictive of death. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 Subject The topic of the resource severe acute respiratory syndrome, C-reactive protein, intravenous immunoglobulin, Taiwan Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1005.030640 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/467202a42e2e01bf9ac0499d3e995ca2.pdf 077929fee93843c0f40969f13699b1ab Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource SARS Transmission, Risk Factors, and Prevention in Hong Kong Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Joseph T. F. Lau, Hi Yi Tsui, Mason Lau, Xilin Yang Description An account of the resource We analyzed information obtained from 1,192 patients with probable severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) reported in Hong Kong. Among them, 26.6% were hospital workers, 16.1% were household members of SARS patients and had probable secondary infections, 14.3% were Amoy Garden residents, 4.9% were inpatients, and 20.1% were contacts of SARS patients who were not family members. The remaining 347 case-patients (29.1%) did not have “known” sources of infection. Excluding those Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 Subject The topic of the resource SARS, source, Transmission, Hong Kong, Chinese Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1004.030628 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/9e40aaa00f4122da42137430ce91fbac.pdf 7c8826519cf42dcafc0693a493f7947b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Genetic Variation of SARS Coronavirus in Beijing Hospital Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Dong-ping XU, Zheng Zhang, Fuliang Chu, Yonggang Li, Lei JIN, Lingxia Zhang, George F. Gao, Fu-sheng WANG Description An account of the resource To characterize genetic variation of severe acute respiratory syndrome–associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) transmitted in the Beijing area during the epidemic outbreak of 2003, we sequenced 29 full-length S genes of SARS-CoV from 20 hospitalized SARS patients on our unit, the Beijing 302 Hospital. Viral RNA templates for the S-gene amplification were directly extracted from raw clinical samples, including plasma, throat swab, sputum, and stool, during the course of the epidemic in the Beijing area. We used a TA-cloning assay with direct analysis of nested reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction products in sequence. One hundred thirteen sequence variations with nine recurrent variant sites were identified in analyzed S-gene sequences compared with the BJ01 strain of SARS-CoV. Among them, eight variant sites were, we think, the first documented. Our findings demonstrate the coexistence of S-gene sequences with and without substitutions (referred to BJ01) in samples analyzed from some patients. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 Subject The topic of the resource SARS-coronavirus, Genetic variation, quasispecies, spike glycoprotein gene, China Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1005.030875 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/5db73f2a38d1836b463a6b50b251d8a5.pdf bf0f15a2e013891767a93abf4c27b08d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Domestic Poultry and SARS Coronavirus, Southern China Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource David E. Swayne, David L. Suarez, Erica Spackman, Terrence M Tumpey, Joan R. Beck, Dean D. Erdman, Pierre E Rollin, Thomas G. Ksiazek Description An account of the resource SARS coronavirus injected intratracheally into chickens, turkeys, geese, ducks, and quail, or into the allantoic sac of their embryonating eggs, failed to cause disease or replicate. This finding suggests that domestic poultry were unlikely to have been the reservoir, or associated with dissemination, of SARS coronavirus in the animal markets of southern China. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 Subject The topic of the resource disease, pathogenesis, poultry, reservoir, SARS-coronavirus, China Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1005.030827 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/3941e39eb56f614250e8546164ab78e9.pdf a37bccce65c7b0dc84fbabe6917f8d83 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Environmental and Occupational Health Response to SARS, Taiwan, 2003 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Eric J. Esswein, Max Kiefer, Ken Wallingford, Greg Burr, Lukas Jyhun-Hsiarn Lee, Jung-Der Wang, Shun Chih Wang, Ih-Jen Su Description An account of the resource The Taiwan Department of Health requested assistance from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in controlling an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The CDC SARS response team included industrial hygiene specialists from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Four NIOSH specialists visited hospitals and medical centers throughout Taiwan and assisted with designing and evaluating ventilation modifications for infection control, developed guidelines for converting hospital rooms into SARS patient isolation rooms, prepared designs for the rapid conversion of a vacated military facility into a SARS screening and observation facility, assessed environmental aspects of dedicated SARS hospitals, and worked in concert with the Taiwanese to develop hospital ventilation guidelines. We describe the environmental findings and observations from this response, including the rapid reconfiguration of medical facilities during a national health emergency, and discuss environmental challenges should SARS or a SARS-like virus emerge again. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 Subject The topic of the resource severe acute respiratory syndrome, SARS, Taiwan, Hospitals, industrial hygiene, Health Care Facilities Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1007.030728 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/cc7e7b19fd37db9873c3ffe674d77e56.pdf 3aec808752964e327295cd7f4ebe72b0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Model Parameters and Outbreak Control for SARS Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gerardo Chowell, Carlos Castillo-Chavez, Paul W. Fenimore, Christopher M. Kribs-Zaleta, Leon Arriola, James M. Hyman Description An account of the resource Control of the 2002–2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak was based on rapid diagnosis coupled with effective patient isolation. We used uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of the basic reproductive number R0 to assess the role that model parameters play in outbreak control. The transmission rate and isolation effectiveness have the largest fractional effect on R0. We estimated the distribution of the reproductive number R0 under perfect isolation conditions. The distribution lies in the interquartile range 0.19–1.08, with a median of 0.49. Even though the median of R0 is 1, even with perfect isolation. This implies the need to simultaneously apply more than one method of control. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 Subject The topic of the resource SARS, uncertainty, Sensitivity, diagnosis, isolation, reproductive number Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1007.030647 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/449e269bfbd63261d29ef5308875cfc0.pdf 0ed43070fc3cb8127134fabd5327dbd3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Human Metapneumovirus and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Diego Vicente, Milagrosa Montes, Gustavo Cilla, Emilio Perez-Trallero Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2004 Subject The topic of the resource Letter, Metapneumovirus, SARS, SARS-CoV, respiratory infection, Spain Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1007.030633 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN