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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Risk estimation of the SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory disease outbreak outside China.</text>
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                <text>Moran Ki, So Young Kim, Sunhwa Choi, Youngsuk Ko, Eunok Jung</text>
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                <text>On December 31, 2019, the World Health Organization was alerted to the occurrence of cases of pneumonia in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, that were caused by an unknown virus, which was later identified as a coronavirus and named the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to estimate the reproductive number of SARS-CoV-2 in the Hubei Province and evaluate the risk of an acute respiratory coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak outside China by using a mathematical model and stochastic simulations. We constructed a mathematical model of SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics, estimated the rate of transmission, and calculated the reproductive number in Hubei Province by using case-report data from January 11 to February 6, 2020. The possible number of secondary cases outside China was estimated by stochastic simulations in various scenarios of reductions in the duration to quarantine and rate of transmission. The rate of transmission was estimated as 0.8238 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8095-0.8382), and the basic reproductive number as 4.1192 (95% CI 4.0473-4.1912). Assuming the same rate of transmission as in Hubei Province, the possibility of no local transmission is 54.9% with a 24-h quarantine strategy, and the possibility of more than 20 local transmission cases is 7% outside of China. The reproductive number for SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics is significantly higher compared to that of the previous SARS epidemic in China. This implies that human-to-human transmission is a significant factor for contagion in Hubei Province. Results of the stochastic simulation emphasize the role of quarantine implementation, which is critical to prevent and control the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak outside China.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>mathematical model, Stochastic simulation, risk estimation, reproductive number, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s12976-020-00127-6</text>
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                <text>Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>BMC</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Primary healthcare practitioners and patient blood management in Africa in the time of coronavirus disease 2019: Safeguarding the blood supply.</text>
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                <text>Claire L Barrett</text>
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                <text>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has highlighted various weaknesses in global healthcare services. The blood supply in Africa is a critical element of the healthcare service that may be significantly affected by the pandemic. By implementing principles of patient blood management, primary healthcare practitioners may play an important role in the resilience of the blood supply during the COVID-19 pandemic.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Resilience, transfusion, Africa, blood supply, Patient Blood Management, COVID-19</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>DOI: 10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2457</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>African Journal of Primary Health Care &amp; Family Medicine</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>AOSIS</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Fatal Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients with Severe Acute Kidney Injury.</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Ji-Young Choi, YONG-HOON LEE, Jae Hee Lee, Sunhee Park, Chan-Duck Kim, Yong-Lim Kim, Hee Yeon Jung, Jang-Hee Cho, Shin-Woo Kim, Hyun Ha Chang, Hyewon Seo, Ki-Tae Kwon, Jeong-Hoon Lim, Yena Jeon</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The outcome of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with organ damage; however, the information about the relationship between acute kidney injury (AKI) and COVID-19 is still rare. We evaluated the clinical features and prognosis of COVID-19 patients with AKI according to the AKI severity. Medical data of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in two university-based hospitals during an outbreak in Daegu, South Korea, were retrospectively analyzed. AKI and its severity were defined according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network. Of the 164 hospitalized patients with COVID-19, 30 patients (18.3%) had AKI; 14, 4, and 12 patients had stage 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The median age was significantly higher in AKI patients than in non-AKI patients (75.5 vs. 67.0 years, p = 0.005). There were 17 deaths (56.7%) among AKI patients; 4 (28.6%), 1 (25.0%), and 12 (100.0%), respectively. In-hospital mortality was higher in AKI patients than in non-AKI patients (56.7% vs. 20.8%, p &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, stage 3 AKI was associated with higher mortality than either non-AKI or stage 1 AKI (hazard ratio (HR) = 3.62 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.75-7.48), p = 0.001; HR = 15.65 (95% CI = 2.43-100.64), p = 0.004). Among the AKI patients, acute respiratory distress syndrome and low serum albumin on admission were considered independent risk factors for stage 3 AKI (both p &lt; 0.05). Five patients with stage 3 AKI underwent dialysis and eventually died. In conclusion, COVID-19 patients with severe AKI had fatal outcomes.</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Mortality, renal replacement therapy, Acute kidney injury, COVID-19, AKI severity</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="32812">
                <text>DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061718</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Journal of Clinical Medicine</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>MDPI AG</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Impact of COVID-19 on Urology Practice: A Global Perspective and Snapshot Analysis.</text>
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                <text>Laurence Klotz, Jean de la Rosette, Simon Tanguay, Sanjay Kulkarni, Stavros Gravas, Damien Bolton, Reynaldo Gomez</text>
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                <text>The global impact of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic on urology practice remains unknown. Self-selected urologists worldwide completed an online survey by the Société Internationale d'Urologie (SIU). A total of 2494 urologists from 76 countries responded, including 1161 (46.6%) urologists in an academic setting, 719 (28.8%) in a private practice, and 614 (24.6%) in the public sector. The largest proportion (1074 (43.1%)) were from Europe, with the remainder from East/Southeast Asia (441 (17.7%)), West/Southwest Asia (386 (15.5%)), Africa (209 (8.4%)), South America (198 (7.9%)), and North America (186 (7.5%)). An analysis of differences in responses was carried out by region and practice setting. The results reveal significant restrictions in outpatient consultation and non-emergency surgery, with nonspecific efforts towards additional precautions for preventing the spread of COVID-19 during emergency surgery. These restrictions were less notable in East/Southeast Asia. Urologists often bear the decision-making responsibility regarding access to elective surgery (40.3%). Restriction of both outpatient clinics and non-emergency surgery is considerable worldwide but is lower in East/Southeast Asia. Measures to control the spread of COVID-19 during emergency surgery are common but not specific. The pandemic has had a profound impact on urology practice. There is an urgent need to provide improved guidance for this and future pandemics.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>coronavirus, Urology, Pandemic, Practice management, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061730</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="32821">
                <text>Journal of Clinical Medicine</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="32822">
                <text>MDPI AG</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Acute Respiratory Decompensation Requiring Intubation in Pregnant Women with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19).</text>
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                <text>Adam J. Ratner, Judith Chervenak, Sara  G. Brubaker, Christina A Penfield, Meghana A Limaye, Ashley S Roman, Jenna S Silverstein, Judita Bautista, Philip M Sommer, Nicole M Roselli, Charlisa D Gibson, David Ellenberg</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>There is a current paucity of information about the obstetric and perinatal outcomes of pregnant novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in North America. Data from China suggest that pregnant women with COVID-19 have favorable maternal and neonatal outcomes, with rare cases of critical illness or respiratory compromise. However, we report two cases of pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19 in the late preterm period admitted to tertiary care hospitals in New York City for respiratory indications. After presenting with mild symptoms, both quickly developed worsening respiratory distress requiring intubation, and both delivered preterm via caesarean delivery. These cases highlight the potential for rapid respiratory decompensation in pregnant COVID-19 patients and the maternal-fetal considerations in managing these cases.</text>
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                <text>Pregnancy, Intubation, critical illness, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1712925</text>
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                <text>American Journal of Perinatology Reports</text>
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                <text>COVID-19: Time for Post-Exposure Prophylaxis?</text>
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                <text>Annamaria Colao, Alberto Enrico Maraolo, Ivan Gentile, Prisco Piscitelli</text>
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                <text>From a healthcare perspective, infection due to the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) and the ensuing syndrome called COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) represents the biggest challenge the world has faced in several decades. Particularly worrisome are the high contagiousness of the virus and the saturation of hospitals' capacity due to overwhelming caseloads. Non-pharmaceutical interventions such as quarantine and inter-personal distancing are crucial to limiting the spread of the virus in the general population, but more tailored interventions may be needed at an individual level on a case-by-case basis. In this perspective, the most insidious situation is when an individual has contact with a contagious subject without adequate protection. If rapidly recognized afterwards, this occurrence may be promptly addressed through a post-exposure chemoprophylaxis (PEP) with antiviral drugs. This strategy has been implemented for other respiratory viruses (influenza above all) and was successfully used in South Korea among healthcare workers against the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus, by providing people who were exposed to high-risk contacts with lopinavir-ritonavir plus ribavirin. Initial experiences with the use of hydroxychloroquine to prevent COVID-19 also seem promising. Post-exposure chemoprophylaxis might help mitigate the spread of SARS-CoV-2 in the current phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>healthcare, Prophylaxis, postexposure, COVID-19</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113997</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>MDPI AG</text>
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                <text>COVID-19 and its effects on the digestive system and endoscopy practice.</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Marianne Linley L. Sy-Janairo, Enrik John T Aguila, Ian Homer Y Cua, Joseph Erwin L Dumagpi, Carlos Paolo D Francisco, Nikko Theodore V Raymundo, Patricia Anne I Cabral-Prodigalidad, Marie Antoinette Dc Lontok</text>
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                <text>The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has been classified as a pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Several studies have demonstrated that the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is also a potential route. As the pandemic is continuously evolving, and more data are made available, this article highlights the best evidence and practices regarding the effects of the SARS-CoV-2 virus relevant to GI practice. Published clinical studies have supported that SARS-CoV-2 affects the GI tract and the liver. The largest published dataset comprised of 4243 patients and showed a pooled prevalence of GI symptoms at 17.6%. GI symptoms varied and usually preceded pulmonary symptoms by 1-2 days. These include anorexia (26.8%), nausea and vomiting (10.2%), diarrhea (12.5%), and abdominal pain (9.2%). Incidence of liver injury ranges from 15 to 53%. Evidence shows that the severity of COVID-19 infection is compounded by its effects on nutrition, most especially for the critically ill. As such, nutrition societies have recommended optimization of oral diets and oral nutritional supplements followed by early enteral nutrition if nutritional targets are not met, and parenteral nutrition in the distal end of the spectrum. In addition to possible fecal-oral transmission, GI endoscopy procedures, which are considered to be aerosol-generating procedures, contribute to increased risk to GI health-care professionals. Infection prevention measures and guidelines are essential in protecting both patients and personnel.</text>
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                <text>Liver, nutrition, Endoscopy, Gastroenterology, COVID‐19</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12358</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>JGH Open</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Wiley</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Editor Responsibility and Scientific Integrity During the COVID-19 Outbreak</text>
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                <text>Cem Uzun, Zafer Koçak</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.001</text>
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                <text>Balkan Medical Journal</text>
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                <text>Galenos Publishing House</text>
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                <text>Features and Limitations of LitCovid Hub for Quick Access to Literature About COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Soheil Hassanipour, Morteza Arab-Zozani</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.67</text>
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                <text>Balkan Medical Journal</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Galenos Publishing House</text>
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                <text>Ticagrelor Can Be an Important Agent in the Treatment of Severe COVID-19 Patients with Myocardial Infarction</text>
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                <text>Emine Gazi, Bahadir Kirilmaz, Fatih Aydın, Ercan Akşit</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.4274/balkanmedj.galenos.2020.2020.4.100</text>
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                <text>Balkan Medical Journal</text>
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                <text>Galenos Publishing House</text>
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