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                <text>Viral respiratory infections (VRIs) can spread quickly and cause enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide. These events pose serious threats to public health due to time lags in developing vaccines to activate the acquired immune system. The high variability of people's symptomatic responses to viral infections, as illustrated in the current COVID-19 pandemic, indicates the potential to moderate the severity of morbidity from VRIs. Growing evidence supports roles for probiotic bacteria (PB) and prebiotic dietary fiber (DF) and other plant nutritional bioactives in modulating immune functions. While human studies help to understand the epidemiology and immunopathology of VRIs, the chaotic nature of viral transmissions makes it difficult to undertake mechanistic study where the pre-conditioning of the metabolic and immune system could be beneficial. However, recent experimental studies have significantly enhanced our understanding of how PB and DF, along with plant bioactives, can significantly modulate innate and acquired immunity responses to VRIs. Synbiotic combinations of PB and DF potentiate increased benefits primarily through augmenting the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as butyrate. These and specific plant polyphenolics help to regulate immune responses to both restrain VRIs and temper the neutrophil response that can lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review highlights the current understanding of the potential impact of targeted nutritional strategies in setting a balanced immune tone for viral clearance and reinforcing homeostasis. This knowledge may guide the development of public health tactics and the application of functional foods with PB and DF components as a nutritional approach to support countering VRI morbidity.</text>
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                <text>Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernandez, Lucio Cosco, Michele Nichelatti, Francesco Dentali, Gavino Casu, Agostino Gnasso, Maurizio Cipolla, Pier Luigi Antignani, Antonio Vittorino Gaddi, Fabio Capello, Leonardo Aluigi, Annapaola Callegaro, Enrico Cipolla, Federico Culzoni, Maria Elexpuru-Zabaleta, Claudia Fragiacomo, Francesca Giampieri, Raffaele Mancini, Maria Grazia Modena, Angelo Virgilio Paradiso, Pasquale Ortasi, Maria Teresa Savo, Flavio Tangianu, Sergio Tempesta, Tommaso Diego Voci, Maurizio Battino</text>
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                <text>Our work concerns the actual problem of spread of SARS- CoV-2 outbreak which requires fast and correct as possible answer. In current scenario, the need of rapid answer put away the imperative of proper methodology. We focus on the serogical immunoassay for diagnosis of Covid-19 as an important weapon not only for diagnostic purpose, but also for epidemiologic one. The right equilibrium between high speed, low cost and accuracy is obtained with easy-to-use decentralized point-of-care test as the colloidal gold-based immunochromatographic strip assay which detects IgM and IgG antibodies directed against SARS-CoV-2. As our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of Covid-19 rapid tests and of serological assays in real-life settings, we designed a research protocol aimed to establish how to use correctly these diagnostics, taking into account the different possible clinical and epidemiological scenarios.</text>
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                <text>The paradigms of urban planning to emergency-proof</text>
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                <text>Michele Grimaldi, Isidoro Fasolino, Francesca Coppola</text>
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                <text>Urban planning is one of the sectors that is able to provide a contribution to the definition of a desirable scenario for the future of the city and the territory as it deals with the physical and functional organisation of human settlements, more than others, also for reasons related to its historical origin.  The paradigms now acquired from a disciplinary point of view, such as densification, sustainable mobility, mixitè, urban green, etc., raise the issue of compatibility with the needs of social distancing imposed by the health emergency.  One wonders if and how the principles and criteria for the physical and functional organisation of settlements, which inform and substantiate the technical-scientific documents and the spatial and urban planning instruments themselves, will change.  The response confirms the overall goodness of the organisational model shared by the community of urban planners. This can only be a stimulus to continue the research and application activities in the field with even greater commitment and determination.  The crisis must in any case build an opportunity to rethink the functioning of the city, its spaces, its times and its forms of social and economic interaction, as we imagine will happen in all other fields</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>urban planning, social distancing, COVID-19, paradgims, settlments</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.6092/1970-9870/6912</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36127">
                <text>TeMA: Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Università di Napoli Federico II</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Transportation engineering, Urbanization. City and country</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>From social distancing to virtual connections</text>
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                <text>Luisa Errichiello, Daniele DEMARCO</text>
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                <text>Covid-19 will have significant impacts on the world, changing many aspects of our lives, including urban life and work routines. Challenges arising from the spread of the coronavirus are likely to push the digital infrastructuring of cities, accelerating the transition towards the smart city. Additionally, we may see a permanent shift towards remote work arrangements, notably telecommuting and smart working. In the aftermath of the pandemic, the affirmation of such a scenario requires us to reflect on the challenges of an interconnected society produced by Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Taking remote working as an illustrative example, the paper offers a critical reflection on how ICTs can influence our perceptions of places and argues that places play a key role in influencing the patterns of remote workers’ identity construction. The authors caution about the dark side of digital connectivity, pointing at the risks that a prolonged detachment from reality and the loss of places can put on remote workers’ identity. In order to overcome potential tensions, remote workers should avoid too much connectivity continuously balancing identity performance in both physical and virtual workplaces. Implications for both organizational and urban design are provided.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Identity, smart city, coronavirus, Workplaces, remote working</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36135">
                <text>DOI: 10.6092/1970-9870/6902</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36136">
                <text>TeMA: Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment</text>
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                <text>Università di Napoli Federico II</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36138">
                <text>Transportation engineering, Urbanization. City and country</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Evolution of mobility sector during and beyond Covid-19 emergency: a viewpoint of industry consultancies and public transport companies</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Pierluigi Coppola, Francesco De Fabiis</text>
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                <text>This paper presents the results of a survey carried out between April and May 2020, among a panel of chief executives of industries, consultancies in the mobility sector, and of Public Transport (PT) companies. We surveyed their expectation about the impacts of Covid-19 on urban mobility in the short-medium term and on their own business, and their opinions about the effectiveness and the sustainability of the measures proposed for coping with the emergency (e.g. incentives, public investment, regulatory measures, new supply of transport services and modes). Different views emerged between industry/consultancies, on the one hand, and PT companies, on the other. The formers show more optimism towards the future thanks to the opportunities foreseen to improve labor-efficiency and for developing new products after the crisis. On the other hand, Public Transport companies appear very much uncertain about the future and worried about the expected losses of demand and revenues, that, in the panel opinion, are far to recover the levels before the crisis (also in the long term). The measures proposed to deal with the interpersonal distances and with the reduced level of capacity are seen as effective, but some are perceived as not sustainable due to the induced increase in operating costs. Finally, poor trust in the administrative capacity is observed, to implement strong measures to manage demand peak (e.g. change in the times of the cities or of the factories) and to upgrade the PT service contracts.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>survey, focus group, impacts assessment, short-medium term, measure effectiveness and sustainability</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36144">
                <text>DOI: 10.6092/1970-9870/6900</text>
              </elementText>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36145">
                <text>TeMA: Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Università di Napoli Federico II</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36147">
                <text>Transportation engineering, Urbanization. City and country</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Covid-19 and simplification of urban planning tools. The residual plan</text>
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                <text>Pasqualino Boschetto</text>
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                <text>This paper aims to develop an initial reflection on the Residual Plan can be. The Urban Plan has always coincided with the offer of public power, leaving deliberately aside the continuous 'dynamic of the real', mainly coming from the private component of our society (The demand plan). In the transition from Modern to Postmodern, the environmental question undermined the consolidated certainties of the Offer Plan; opening up increasingly consistent operational gaps with the Residual Plan, which could represent the urban plan coherent with Postmodernism. Covid-19 is further complicating the fate of the Urban Plan, increasingly complex, uncertain and unable to regenerate itself according to the new paradigms of the organization of the territory. In this sense, at least in the Covid-19 transitional period, the Residual Plan could be experimented to understand its real capability of answering to the dynamics of the organization of the territory.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Urban and Territorial Planning, simplified operational tools, post covid phase</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>DOI: 10.6092/1970-9870/6845</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36154">
                <text>TeMA: Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment</text>
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                <text>Università di Napoli Federico II</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36156">
                <text>Transportation engineering, Urbanization. City and country</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Mega Cities facing Covid-19 pandemic</text>
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                <text>Elmira Shirgir</text>
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                <text>The first cases of COVID-19 occurred in the winter of 2020 in Wuhan-China. The distinctiveness of the new pandemic is that it has occurred in ‘20th century megacities, cities with a large population who use the city as their second home during the day to commute to work, socialize &amp; etc. After the emergence of COVID-19 in February 2020 in Iran, and its capital city, Tehran, new restrictions and rules were put on the way citizens of Tehran were to use their city and its public spaces. These restrictions limit the use of these spaces to a great extent and it seems like these new limitations are here to stay for an unpredictable amount of time until a new medicine or vaccine is found. The main questions here are: How can the threat of this new pandemic in cities be reduced and controlled in the future ? And how can urban spaces be used from now on? In this paper, the new ways people are using the city in Tehran after arrival of the pandemic have been studied and suggestions for guaranteeing the safety of urban spaces from now on have been discussed.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Tehran, urban spaces, mega-cities, COVID-19 pandemic, physical distancing</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36162">
                <text>DOI: 10.6092/1970-9870/6814</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36163">
                <text>TeMA: Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36164">
                <text>Università di Napoli Federico II</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="36165">
                <text>Transportation engineering, Urbanization. City and country</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
