630 10 20655 https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/7a118ed3da4086b5253e142bcd86ec86.pdf cf140d6f1574f2a9cb7e37087ce928cc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Plus Minus Pembelajaran Sejarah Jarak Jauh Media E-learning Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rina Karyani, Wardah Samiah Description An account of the resource It is undeniable that the progress of the times demands progress in the field of education, many Indonesian schools have begun to apply ICT advances in several lessons. The situation that we are facing right now has become one of the factors, that the collaboration between tick and learning media must be carried out immediately. This article aims to examine the extent of distance learning readiness, starting from the understanding of distance itself, the method of distance learning that is applied by all schools in Indonesia, especially at the high school / vocational / equivalent level, and frequent problems faced when distance learning takes place. The writing of this article uses the phenomenological analysis approach method (a phenomenon that is slimming consciously), because the Covid-19 emergency does not require us to make direct observations of spaciousness. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource e-learning, media, pembelajaran, daring, Sejarah Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.24127/hj.v8i2.2905 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Historia: Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah FKIP UM Metro Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Unit Publikasi Ilmiah Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Education (General), History (General) https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/43600b3e412dfe79d9930159bd435622.pdf 404e3351b6582cb6ea6976d412c749ac Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource La pandemia de covid-19 en perspectiva desde 1918 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Luis J. Abejez Description An account of the resource La pandemia de influenza de 1918 fue una de las más devastadoras catástrofes en la historia de la humanidad. Algunas de sus características únicas han hecho de ella una referencia prácticamente obligada al momento de abordar cualquier estudio y análisis de otras epidemias y pandemias, anteriores o posteriores. Cual fantasma de las navidades pasadas, la irrupción de la pandemia de covid-19, a principios de 2020, provocó la reaparición de situaciones, actitudes y consecuencias que se consideraban propias de otras épocas. La nueva realidad impuesta por la enfermedad nos ha puesto, a sociedades y personas, frente a un espejo cuyo reflejo contiene ecos de antaño y del que, por lo general, no salimos especialmente favorecidos. En este trabajo proponemos una breve reflexión sobre algunos de los muchos aspectos presentes en la calidoscópica línea que une, tanto a escala individual como a escala colectiva, la pandemia de 1918 con la de 2020. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource influenza, covid-19, Epidemia, pandemia, sistema de salud Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context https://doi.org/10.25009/clivajes-rcs.v0i14.2662 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Social sciences (General) https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/a0abca6d07810c1ec36cc7d559496c1a.pdf 66ed56460984e920bdb0d3b1ccac4bb1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource PANDEMIC AND GENERAL TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF WORLD TOURISM Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tamar Meskhishvili, Isabella Perishvili Description An account of the resource Tourism is one of the most important fields of the world economy. In recent years, world tourism has been a direction of special priority and the attention to it has increased considerably. The importance of tourism to the World Heritage was gradually increasing, which changed both opportunities and danger. The World Heritage Center was tasked with developing a solid World Heritage Tourism Development Program. The purpose of this program is to help the World Heritage Committee and the management of the facilities use tourism as a positive factor in preserving the world heritage and mitigating the expected threats. Although there are suitable environmental conditions for the development of tourism in the world, it is significantly affected by such risks as: climate, natural disasters, political situation, various viruses, pandemics, etc. This kind of risk that fundamentally changed tourism around the world today is COVID-19, to which our article is dedicated. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource international, covid-19, Development, Pandemic, resources, Tourism, impact, politics, revenues, trends, tourists, prices, Pace Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.31435/rsglobal_ijite/30032021/7496 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Economy Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available RS Global Sp. z O.O. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Economics as a science https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/7f6b5b8c39802005b983c7abb4e52911.pdf 9a59827a6bd6a1337f71c9b4758820b3 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Correlation and Causation Analysis Between COVID-19 and Environmental Factors in China Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Zuofang Zheng, Junxia Dou, Conglan Cheng, Hua Gao Description An account of the resource Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is seriously threatening and altering human society. Although prevention and control measures play an important role in preventing the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, signals of climate impact can still be detected globally. In this paper, the data of 265 cities in China were analyzed. The results show that the correlations between COVID-19 and air quality index (AQI) and PM2.5 concentration were very weak and that the correlations between COVID-19 and meteorological factors were significantly different in different climate backgrounds. So, a fixed model is not enough to describe the correlations. Overall, high humidity, low wind speed, and relatively lower air temperature are conducive to the spread of COVID-19. The climate background suitable for the spread of COVID-19 in China is air temperature 0~15°C, specific humidity <3 g kg−1, and wind speed <3 m s−1. The Granger causality test shows that there is a causal relationship between daily average air temperature and the number of COVID-19 confirmed cases in some cities of China, and air temperature is indicative of the number of confirmed cases the next day. However, this phenomenon is not universal due to regional climate differences. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource China, covid-19, correlation, Environmental conditions, causation analysis Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.3389/fclim.2021.619338 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Environmental sciences https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/12f25f7c83d71e112f4f8bce7c7ce541.pdf 0968df8d7f70f41828bd8b108a2988a5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Competencias digitales del docente de bachillerato ante la enseñanza remota de emergencia Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource María Obdulia González-Fernández Description An account of the resource Se presenta un diagnóstico de las competencias digitales de docentes de bachillerato aplicadas a los principios de la enseñanza remota de emergencia por el Covid-19. Se analizó el grado de conocimiento a partir de las dimisiones de alfabetización tecnológica y las herramientas de comunicación, el uso de metodologías educativas con las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC), la actitud frente al uso de la tecnología en la docencia y los niveles de capacitación docente. El presente estudio es de carácter cuantitativo descriptivo correlacional, y como instrumento se utilizó una encuesta tipo Likert, aplicada a 508 docentes de bachillerato. Los resultados demuestran que a inicios de la pandemia los profesores contaban con conocimientos respecto al uso de las redes sociales, el correo electrónico y los procesadores de texto; sin embargo, desconocían el uso de las plataformas educativas para una enseñanza virtual. Los niveles de asociación entre las variables demuestran que el desarrollo de sus competencias digitales se relaciona tanto con la institución de procedencia como con la edad de los docentes. Este trabajo ayudó a comprender el proceso que vivieron los profesores en el desarrollo de las competencias fundamentales para una enseñanza a distancia a través de los medios tecnológicos. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource tecnología, formación docente, Alfabetización digital, educación remota de emergencia Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.32870/Ap.v13n1.1991 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Apertura Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad de Guadalajara Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Special aspects of education, Theory and practice of education, Education https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/54f8a5cf8ae7564858e57623ccda693a.pdf cd79b15dc29c0a4041c2264637d24c32 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK: IS THE DIGITAL ECONOMY WORKING? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Diana Lestari, Dio Caisar Darma, Siti Amalia Description An account of the resource This paper presents the strengthening of the digital economy which acts as a stabilizer in the trade sector during the Covid-19 outbreak. In a contactless world, most interactions between customers and employees must occur virtually. While still making exceptions to some things, operating digitally is the only way to survive restrictions on activities by the government, including in the economic sector. The instructions for switching in a digitizing pattern are nothing new, they are simply brought into sharp focus. The most recent event, the Covid-19 outbreak, has accelerated a transformation, as evidenced by the sharp strengthening in the digitizing economic sector. Based on a literature study, the conclusions explain the opportunities for the digital economy to support the trade sector which experienced inconsistencies in growth tabulations during this outbreak. Through the perspective of neoliberalism, it can be used to explain how it is related to strengthening the digital economy with the stability of international trade at macro and micro levels. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, digital economy, neoliberalism, international trade Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.26480/mecj.02.2020.60.62 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Business https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/9a3da18340abe34e20ad9c202c4ca3fa.pdf 04728f6120c408e8eeb71a2d6dc2e1b5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Effect of Pandemic-Related Confinement on Vitamin D Status Among Children Aged 0–6 Years in Guangzhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Yu L, Ke HJ, Che D, Luo SL, Guo Y, Wu JL Description An account of the resource Li Yu, Hai-Jin Ke, Di Che, Shao-Lan Luo, Yong Guo, Jie-Ling Wu Department of Children’s Health Care, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Jie-Ling Wu; Yong GuoDepartment of Children’s Health Care, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 20 39151521Email jieling3861@163.com; geyong084@163.comPurpose: Pandemic-related confinement helps to contain the transmission of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) but restricts children’s exposure to sunlight, thereby possibly affecting their 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. This study aimed to examine the effect of COVID-19 measures on 25(OH)D levels in children.Patients and Methods: This study included children who underwent health checks between March 1 and June 30, 2020, and those over the equivalent period during 2017– 2019 (N = 3600). Children’s 25(OH)D levels and the proportion of children with vitamin D deficiency were compared between different observation periods.Results: The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 84 ± 25nmol/L. The overall proportion of children with vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D level < 50 nmol/L) was 4.6%. Home confinement led to an increase in the proportion of children aged 3– 6 years with vitamin D deficiency during March 1–June 30, 2020 compared with the same months in previous years, and the most noticeable increase was found in March 2020. In children aged 3– 6 years, 25(OH)D levels were lower in 2020 (65 ± 17nmol/L) than during 2017– 2019, and the proportion of those with vitamin D deficiency was higher in 2020 (19.0%) than in previous years. Among children aged 0.5– 1 and 1– 3 years, 25(OH)D levels were higher (97 ± 25 nmol/L, 91 ± 27 nmol/L), while the proportion of children with vitamin D deficiency was lower in 2020 (2.3%, 3.0%) than during 2017– 2019.Conclusion: The 25(OH)D levels tended to decrease gradually with increasing age. Reduced sunlight exposure during confinement is associated with lower 25(OH)D levels among children aged 3– 6 years. Therefore, vitamin D supplementation for children aged > 3 years is recommended.Keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D, coronavirus disease, deficiency, sunlight exposure Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource coronavirus disease, deficiency, 25-hydroxyvitamin d, sunlight exposure Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Biotemas Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Public aspects of medicine https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/ba3f7f0636def285df028fd8f8662329.pdf d5fb8599cd7fac97837bbc2687d90b98 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Assessing the Impact of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Healthcare Workers in Three Metropolitan Cities of Pakistan Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arshad MS, Hussain I, Nafees M, Majeed A, Imran I, Saeed H, Hashmi FK, Akbar M, Abrar MA, Ramzan B, Chaudhry MO, Islam M, Usman A, Nisar N, Rasool MF Description An account of the resource Muhammad Subhan Arshad,1 Iltaf Hussain,1 Muhammad Nafees,1 Abdul Majeed,1 Imran Imran,2 Hamid Saeed,3 Furqan K Hashmi,3 Muqarrab Akbar,4 Muhammad Asad Abrar,1 Basit Ramzan,5 Muhammad Omer Chaudhry,6 Muhammad Islam,3 Areeba Usman,7 Naveed Nisar,8 Muhammad Fawad Rasool1 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; 2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; 3University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Allama Iqbal Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; 4Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; 5Al Shifa Pharmacy, Multan, Pakistan; 6School of Economics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; 7Nishter Medical Hospital, Multan, Pakistan; 8Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, PakistanCorrespondence: Muhammad Fawad RasoolDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, PakistanTel +92 3008639046Email fawadrasool@bzu.edu.pkPurpose: The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-2019) has been associated with psychological distress during its rapid rise period in Pakistan. The present study aimed to assess the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs) in the three metropolitan cities of Pakistan.Methods: A cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted in 276 HCWs from April 10, 2020, to June 5, 2020. Depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) were used for the mental health assessment of the HCWs. Multivariable logistic regression analysis (MLRA) was performed to measure the association between the demographics and the occurrence of depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS).Results: The frequency of DAS in the HCWs was 10.1%, 25.4%, and 7.3%, respectively. The MLRA showed that the depression in HCWs was significantly associated with the profession (P< 0.001). The anxiety in HCWs was significantly associated with their age (P=0.005), profession (P< 0.05), and residence (P< 0.05). The stress in HCWs was significantly associated with their age (P< 0.05).Limitation: This study was conducted in the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, when the number of COVID-19 cases was on the rise in Pakistan and it only represents a definite period (April to June 2020).Conclusion: The symptoms of DAS are present in the HCWs of Pakistan and to manage the psychological health of HCWs, there is a need for the initiation of psychological well-being programs.Keywords: depression, anxiety, stress, pandemic, DASS-21 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource Anxiety, Pandemic, Stress, Depression, DASS-21 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Biotemas Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Psychology, Industrial psychology https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/c3e1bc2f984fff4a00edeab5ea9af76b.pdf 43bc97e1da7c076ea349d5f29b9a7db2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource IS THERE ANY IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC MONEY TO INCREASE KNOWLEDGE OF FINANCIAL LITERACY?: IN THE PANDEMIC SITUATION OF COVID-19 IN PONTIANAK CITY Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Girang Permata Gusti Description An account of the resource This study aims to determine the impact of the use of electronic money on financial literacy, during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pontianak. This study has a sample of 137 respondents selected through simple random sampling technique. This study uses a simple linear regression method, with SPSS 23 software analysis tools. The benefits of electronic money not only function as payment by the transfer method, but many other functions can be used, such as buying mutual funds, paying installments or credit, paying electricity, water, and telephone. Electronic money can now also be used as savings for foreign currencies such as the Japanese Yen, American Dollars, and British Pounds. With an electronic money, we can also change it in the form of savings deposits, without having to queue in the bank. The results of the study concluded that electronic money has a positive and significant effect on financial literacy, in the pandemic situation of COVID- 19 in Pontianak City. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, financial literacy, electronic money, Pontianak Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.26480/mecj.02.2020.48.53 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Business https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/d2b389efa8115111330241b5305738bc.pdf 3b903d598eea1cfceaa23b927ac2fa7f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource COVID-19 Mortality Underreporting in Brazil: Analysis of Data From Government Internet Portals Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Veiga e Silva, Lena, de Andrade Abi Harb, Maria Da Penha, Teixeira Barbosa dos Santos, Aurea Milene, de Mattos Teixeira, Carlos André, Macedo Gomes, Vitor Hugo, Silva Cardoso, Evelin Helena, S da Silva, Marcelino, Vijaykumar, N L, Venâncio Carvalho, Solon, Ponce de Leon Ferreira de Carvalho, André, Lisboa Frances, Carlos Renato Description An account of the resource BackgroundIn Brazil, a substantial number of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) cases and deaths have been reported. It has become the second most affected country worldwide, as of June 9, 2020. Official Brazilian government sources present contradictory data on the impact of the disease; thus, it is possible that the actual number of infected individuals and deaths in Brazil is far larger than those officially reported. It is very likely that the actual spread of the disease has been underestimated. ObjectiveThis study investigates the underreporting of cases and deaths related to COVID-19 in the most affected cities in Brazil, based on public data available from official Brazilian government internet portals, to identify the actual impact of the pandemic. MethodsWe used data from historical deaths due to respiratory problems and other natural causes from two public portals: DATASUS (Department of Informatics of the Unified Healthcare System) (2010-2018) and the Brazilian Transparency Portal of Civil Registry (2019-2020). These data were used to build time-series models (modular regressions) to predict the expected mortality patterns for 2020. The forecasts were used to estimate the possible number of deaths that were incorrectly registered during the pandemic and posted on government internet portals in the most affected cities in the country. ResultsOur model found a significant difference between the real and expected values. The number of deaths due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was considerably higher in all cities, with increases between 493% and 5820%. This sudden increase may be associated with errors in reporting. An average underreporting of 40.68% (range 25.9%-62.7%) is estimated for COVID-19–related deaths. ConclusionsThe significant rates of underreporting of deaths analyzed in our study demonstrate that officially released numbers are much lower than actual numbers, making it impossible for the authorities to implement a more effective pandemic response. Based on analyses carried out using different fatality rates, it can be inferred that Brazil’s epidemic is worsening, and the actual number of infectees could already be between 1 to 5.4 million. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.2196/21413 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Public aspects of medicine, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics