638 10 20655 https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/02afc27b8c9f7daf29f5f8a020c0d50f.pdf 9e0308f1cc3d572f47ba9908892fc4b5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Meteorological conditions are heterogeneous factors for COVID-19 risk in China. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Shuang Xiao, Hongchao Qi, Michael P Ward, Wenge Wang, Jun Zhang, Yue Chen, Robert Bergquist, Wei Tu, Runye Shi, Jie Hong, Qing Su, Zheng Zhao, Jianbo Ba, Ying Qin, Zhijie Zhang Description An account of the resource Whether meteorological factors influence COVID-19 transmission is an issue of major public health concern, but available evidence remains unclear and limited for several reasons, including the use of report date which can lag date of symptom onset by a considerable period. We aimed to generate reliable and robust evidence of this relationship based on date of onset of symptoms. We evaluated important meteorological factors associated with daily COVID-19 counts and effective reproduction number (Rt) in China using a two-stage approach with overdispersed generalized additive models and random-effects meta-analysis. Spatial heterogeneity and stratified analyses by sex and age groups were quantified and potential effect modification was analyzed. Nationwide, there was no evidence that temperature and relative humidity affected COVID-19 incidence and Rt. However, there were heterogeneous impacts on COVID-19 risk across different regions. Importantly, there was a negative association between relative humidity and COVID-19 incidence in Central China: a 1% increase in relative humidity was associated with a 3.92% (95% CI, 1.98%-5.82%) decrease in daily counts. Older population appeared to be more sensitive to meteorological conditions, but there was no obvious difference between sexes. Linear relationships were found between meteorological variables and COVID-19 incidence. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the association and the results based on report date were biased. Meteorological factors play heterogenous roles on COVID-19 transmission, increasing the possibility of seasonality and suggesting the epidemic is far from over. Considering potential climatic associations, we should maintain, not ease, current control measures and surveillance. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, temperature, time-series, humidity, Meteorological factor, Two-stage approaches Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111182 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Environmental research https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/091f088008beda9fb87e7c23af66896d.pdf 2a5822067e590e11443f0abd8a591d05 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Narrativas Emocionais de Estudantes do Ensino Superior em Tempos de Quarentena Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Catarina Sobral, Ana Paula Caetano Description An account of the resource As épocas de crise são períodos complexos onde coexistem dinâmicas que acentuam as dificuldades, mas também que criam oportunidades de superação individual e coletiva, no sentido de uma maior equidade e inclusão social. Com a pandemia do Covid-19, foram introduzidas mudanças nas nossas vidas. Em Portugal as universidades fecharam e substituíram as aulas presenciais do 2º semestre por aulas virtuais síncronas e assíncronas. Situação que inicialmente se pensava transitória, mas manteve-se até ao final do ano letivo 2019/20. Enquanto professoras de um grupo de estudantes do 2º ano da licenciatura em Educação e Formação do Instituto de Educação, no âmbito da unidade curricular Competências Emocionais, propusemos aos alunos que redigissem narrativas do seu quotidiano para incluir nos seus portefólios. Neste artigo analisamos aquelas relativas aos períodos de confinamento e pós-confinamento, as quais permitem-nos perceber vivências e dificuldades sentidas pelos estudantes ao longo do tempo, que emoções emergiram, as estratégias de regulação para lidar com essas dificuldades, bem como as aprendizagens realizadas, nomeadamente no que respeita ao desenvolvimento de competências emocionais. Consideram que esta situação constituiu uma restrição das suas liberdades, mas também uma oportunidade para desenvolverem estratégias de autorregulação, aprofundando dimensões relevantes para o seu percurso pessoal e académico. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, emoções, Ensino superior, Competências emocionais, estratégias de autorregulação Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.15366/riejs2020.9.3.023 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Special aspects of education, Education https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/2ded3b7322460689432c8075476b2c0d.pdf 08c70000eca41c274e107ab8236eac6c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource STUDY STUDENTS AND SPORTS ACTIVITY DURING THE STATE OF EMERGENCY DUE TO COVID - 19 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource P. Slavcheva-Hinkova, A. Bozhkova Description An account of the resource On March 13, 2020, the government overwhelmingly supported the introduction of a State ofEmergency in Bulgaria. The country’s main focus and efforts are concentrated on overcoming the infection with the new coronavirus - COVID - 19. Specialists are joining forces and based on scientific research and evidence are publishing recommendations for the best protection against the virus, the most important. Our study is related to a survey among Bulgarian and foreign students currently pursuing different specialties at the Medical University - Sofia, to analyze how the emergency affects the habits and sports activities of students.The tasks we set ourselves are preparation of an up-to-date questionnaire for the conditions of the emergency, with which to establish its influence on the habits and sports activity of the students, to process and analyze the data from the survey and based on the results obtained to draw necessary conclusions. To achieve these goals and tasks, a 10 question questionnaire was developed, which was conducted online while remote learning during the Summer semester of the school, 2019/2020 with students from MU - Sofia. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, students, Survey, State of emergency, sports activity Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.15547/tjs.2020.s.01.114 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Trakia Journal of Sciences Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Trakia University Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Science (General) https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/372ec8a37c2a2516f6e1332d7aa28df3.pdf 36159dd0863e66a0c7e8c491f8708356 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource First case of postmortem study in a patient vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ulf Titze, Nidhi Su Ann Kulamadayil-Heidenreich, Sabine Glombitza, Johannes Josef Tebbe, Christoph Röcken, Birte Schulz, Michael Weise, Ludwig Wilkens, Torsten Hansen Description An account of the resource A previously symptomless 86-year-old man received the first dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. He died 4 weeks later from acute renal and respiratory failure. Although he did not present with any COVID-19-specific symptoms, he tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 before he died. Spike protein (S1) antigen-binding showed significant levels for immunoglobulin (Ig) G, while nucleocapsid IgG/IgM was not elicited. Acute bronchopneumonia and tubular failure were assigned as the cause of death at autopsy; however, we did not observe any characteristic morphological features of COVID-19. Postmortem molecular mapping by real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed relevant SARS-CoV-2 cycle threshold values in all organs examined (oropharynx, olfactory mucosa, trachea, lungs, heart, kidney and cerebrum) except for the liver and olfactory bulb. These results might suggest that the first vaccination induces immunogenicity but not sterile immunity. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource vaccine, RT-PCR, SARS-CoV-2, autopsy, histology Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.04.053 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived International Journal of Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Elsevier https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/c0c817b262977909f344cb4ab31d8aaf.pdf 760d241013b37f49c6152969bc224028 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bronchodilator reversibility testing in post-COVID-19 patients undergoing pulmonary rehabilitation. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Mauro Maniscalco, Pasquale Ambrosino, Salvatore Fuschillo, Silvia Stufano, Alessandro Sanduzzi, Maria Gabriella Matera, Mario Cazzola Description An account of the resource The usefulness of bronchodilators in coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) survivors is still uncertain, especially for patients with a concomitant obstructive lung disease. We aimed at verifying the level of bronchodilator reversibility in COVID-19 patients undergoing multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation after the acute phase. We enrolled 105 consecutive patients referring to the Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit of Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri Spa SB, IRCCS of Telese Terme, Benevento, Italy after being discharged from the COVID-19 acute care ward and after recovering from acute COVID-19 pneumonia. All subjects performed a spirometry before and after inhalation of salbutamol 400 μg to determine the bronchodilation response within 48 h of admission to the unit. All patients had suffered from a moderate to severe COVID-19, classified 3 or 4 according to the WHO classification, Seventeen patients had concomitant obstructive lung disease (14 suffering from COPD and 3 from asthma). FEV1 after salbutamol improved on average by 41.7 mL in the entire examined sample, by 29.4 mL in subjects without concomitant obstructive lung diseases, by 59.3 mL in COPD patients and by 320.0 mL in asthma patients. Mean FVC after salbutamol improved by 65.7 mL in the entire examined sample, by 52.5 mL in subjects without concomitant obstructive lung diseases, by 120.0 mL in COPD patients, and by 200.0 mL in asthma patients. This study suggests that a treatment with bronchodilators must always be taken into consideration in post-COVID-19 patients because it can induce a functional improvement that, even if small, can facilitate the breathing of these patients. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource outcome, covid-19, rehabilitation, chronic disease, disability, bronchodilators Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106401 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Respiratory medicine https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/d64c1b7206006980202fd2d156da4877.pdf 55b74bed410ff44983be6baf954b7e56 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Induction of labour during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national survey of impact on practice in the UK Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource M. Harkness, C. Yuill, H. Cheyne, S. J. Stock, C. McCourt, On behalf of the CHOICE Study Consortia Description An account of the resource Abstract Background Induction of labour (IOL) is one of the most commonly performed interventions in maternity care, with outpatient cervical ripening increasingly offered as an option for women undergoing IOL. The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the context of practice and the option of returning home for cervical ripening may now assume greater significance. This work aimed to examine whether and how the COVID-19 pandemic has changed practice around IOL in the UK. Method We used an online questionnaire to survey senior obstetricians and midwives at all 156 UK NHS Trusts and Boards that currently offer maternity services. Responses were analysed to produce descriptive statistics, with free text responses analysed using a conventional content analysis approach. Findings Responses were received from 92 of 156 UK Trusts and Boards, a 59% response rate. Many Trusts and Boards reported no change to their IOL practice, however 23% reported change in methods used for cervical ripening; 28% a change in criteria for home cervical ripening; 28% stated that more women were returning home during cervical ripening; and 24% noted changes to women’s response to recommendations for IOL. Much of the change was reported as happening in response to attempts to minimise hospital attendance and restrictions on birth partners accompanying women. Conclusions The pandemic has changed practice around induction of labour, although this varied significantly between NHS Trusts and Boards. There is a lack of formal evidence to support decision-making around outpatient cervical ripening: the basis on which changes were implemented and what evidence was used to inform decisions is not clear. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, choice, Cervical Ripening, Induction of labour Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1186/s12884-021-03781-x Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Gynecology and obstetrics https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/21339234ca48acc019d8f6ee052835eb.pdf 256e9772d94d542d18005da1f7aa97f6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Like Peas in a Pod: A Strategy for Creatively Transposing Interaction-based Classes into an Online Learning Environment Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Elizabeth M. Goering, Andrea Krause Description An account of the resource The sudden shift to online learning thrust upon universities worldwide by the COVID-19 crisis created unique challenges related to effective online education. Challenges were most acute for highly interactive classes that were forced to move to asynchronous online learning environments. In response to these challenges, we developed an instructional model, rooted in group communication theories and concepts, designed to promote meaningful online learner-to-learner interaction. In this paper, we provide an analytical assessment of our communication-based interaction model, which was implemented in five classes taught at a German university during the COVID shutdown. Part 1 describes the model, its development, and its implementation. Part 2 analyzes learners’ perceptions of the model’s effectiveness using a mixed-methods approach. Results demonstrate the viability of the model, indicating that it is possible to provide meaningful interaction in asynchronous online classes, even in the midst of a pandemic, if communication goals are clearly articulated and strategically implemented. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Biotemas Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Theory and practice of education https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/3d305982b129971f2e1300cbdb6f6867.pdf 6f8d3e73026776142df057361c3b99dd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Post Covid-19 Agenda: Maximizing human resources for health towards Universal Health Coverage in Africa Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource McKing I. Amedari, Ifunanya Carista Ejidike Description An account of the resource Aim: To analyse options for maximising the capacity of human resources for health to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Africa. Methods: Articles were retrieved from a Pubmed search and additional snowballing was conducted to provide other relevant sources. Further utilizations were made of Campbell's modified framework of the Human Resources for Health (HRH) and Universal Health Coverage with the WHO labour market dynamics framework for Universal Health Coverage. Four sub-themes viz improved HRH performance, Labour Market Factors, Rural Health Workers Retention Factors, and Information Technology Factors were analysed. Results: Labour market factors such as the dynamics of demand and supply of health workers determine the availability of health workers. Supportive supervision enables the health workers to improve in their performance and enhance optimised utilisation of available resources. This supervision can be more effective by complementing it with tools such as information technology that focus on improving the quality of health care, considering the growth in the number of internet and broadband users in the continent. Conclusion: Expanding the training opportunities for health workers and also increasing the funding to human resources for health are useful policy options to consider. Cost-effective approaches such as a focus on community health committees which stimulate the demand for health services in rural communities to tackle the disproportionate distribution of health workers should be considered in the context of the uncertain economic aftermath of the covid-19 outbreak. Sources of Funding Nil Acknowledgement We express profound gratitude to Prof Flavia Senkubuge for providing technical help and writing assistance during the preparation of this manuscript. We also appreciate Dr. Aborisade Adetayo for assisting with editing of the manuscript. Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflict of interest. Author Contributions MIA drafted the entire manuscript. ICE provided a critical review and made substantial contributions to the design of the manuscript.   Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, information technology, Human resources for health, Supportive supervision, Market factors Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.11576/seejph-4318 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Public aspects of medicine https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/ff0396ce67e415e337c8975525086027.pdf 1939e1790efef35758196a37c43ad70f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cancer Patients Affected by a Novel Coronavirus. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cheng-En Hsieh, Vivek Verma, Sunil Krishnan, Bhanu Prasad Venkatesulu, Viveksandeep Thoguluva Chandrasekar, Prashanth Girdhar, Pragati Advani, Amrish Sharma, Thiraviyam Elumalai, Hagar I Elghazawy Description An account of the resource Cancer patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported to have double the case fatality rate of the general population. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central was done for studies on cancer patients with COVID-19. Pooled proportions were calculated for categorical variables. Odds ratio (OR) and forest plots (random-effects model) were constructed for both primary and secondary outcomes. This systematic review of 38 studies and meta-analysis of 181 323 patients from 26 studies included 23 736 cancer patients. Our meta-analysis shows that cancer patients with COVID-19 have a higher likelihood of death (n = 165 980, OR = 2.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.47 to 4.42), which was largely driven by mortality among patients in China. Cancer patients were more likely to be intubated. Among cancer subtypes, the mortality was highest in hematological malignancies (n = 878, OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.17 to 4.87) followed by lung cancer (n = 646, OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.00 to 3.37). There was no association between receipt of a particular type of oncologic therapy and mortality. Our study showed that cancer patients affected by COVID-19 are a decade older than the normal population and have a higher proportion of comorbidities. There was insufficient data to assess the association of COVID-19-directed therapy and survival outcomes in cancer patients. Cancer patients with COVID-19 disease are at increased risk of mortality and morbidity. A more nuanced understanding of the interaction between cancer-directed therapies and COVID-19-directed therapies is needed. This will require uniform prospective recording of data, possibly in multi-institutional registry databases. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1093/jncics/pkaa102 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived JNCI cancer spectrum https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/51222ab81f7c1722c9a202b1ce24299f.pdf fd21e85126780f8c28fd1480815ce922 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Who moved my old cheese? Implications of COVID 19 to teaching and learning in Southern Africa Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Selloane Pitikoe, Karen Ferreira-Meyers, Sithulisiwe Bhebhe, Nompumelelo Dlamini-Zwane Description An account of the resource This reflective essay seeks to share the authors’ thoughts and feelings on the impact of COVID 19 on the general teaching and learning strategies, theories and practices in the small kingdom of Eswatini in Southern Africa. Coming from varying backgrounds in education allows the authors to tackle the overview of consequences from different points of view and angles. The common thread among the authors is an observation that the disruptive nature of the pandemic, with its sudden onslaught and the need to react fast, might lead to long-lasting transformations in the area of teaching and learning.  Emphasis in this essay is on whether online teaching and learning happened previous to the start of the pandemic and to determine its effectiveness in terms of access and self-directedness of the learners. Given the devastating impacts of COVID 19 governments had to develop ‘instant’ provisions such as digital/e-learning platforms in the formal education sector in a bid to minimize new infections through social distancing while also supporting learning outside the classroom. The question that remains unanswered though is the appropriateness and effectiveness of the digital platforms in the context of a developing country with existing socio-economic and infrastructural underlying problems; hence the rationale for this paper. In conclusion a few recommendations will be proposed in view of improving the immediate, short-term teaching and learning strategies which can later be reflected upon once the pandemic subsides. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Biotemas Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Theory and practice of education