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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Social Isolation and Stress as Predictors of Productivity Perception and Remote Work Satisfaction during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Concern about the Virus in a Moderated Double Mediation</text>
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                <text>Salvatore Zappalà, Ferdinando Toscano</text>
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                <text>From mid-March to the end of May 2020, millions of Italians were forced to work from home because of the lockdown provisions imposed by the Italian government to contain the COVID-19 epidemic. As a result, many employees had to suddenly switch to remote work, experiencing both troubles and opportunities. Social isolation from colleagues and the workplace represents a typical aspect of remote work which increased significantly during the social confinement imposed by the government. This study investigates the correlates of social isolation in terms of stress, perceived remote work productivity and remote work satisfaction, proposing the sequential mediation of stress and perceived remote work productivity, and the moderating role of concern about the new coronavirus. An online survey was conducted, and the responses of 265 employees showed the deleterious role of social isolation in stress, which leads to decreased perceived remote work productivity that, in turn, is related to remote work satisfaction. Furthermore, the results suggest that concern about the virus moderates the relationships between social isolation and remote work satisfaction, from one side, and remote work perceived productivity and remote work satisfaction from the other. This latter result suggests that the indirect sequential effect of social isolation on remote work satisfaction is conditional on concern about the virus. Some conclusions are drawn to support managers and HR officers in the choices to better manage employees’ work during the health emergency.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Stress, Social isolation, job productivity, remote work satisfaction, concern about COVID-19</text>
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                <text>10.3390/su12239804</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable energy sources, Environmental sciences</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>To form children health behaviour during the Covid-19 Pandemic: Teacher's strategy and obstacle</text>
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                <text>Dedy Surya</text>
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                <text>The Covid-19 pandemic is forcing everyone to change their behaviour to become more concerned about their health. This study aimed to illustrate the teachers’ strategy and the obstacle in shaping health behaviours of children in school. By using a qualitative approach, the data was collected through in-depth interviews involving 9 participants (6 teachers and 3 parents). The results showed that to shape health behaviour, the teachers formed a conducive environment through a commitment with parents to implement a healthy lifestyle. This health behaviour campaign was carried out through creative means such as using stories and singing regularly and consistently. The teacher also engages other pupils to reprimand the child who committed the offence. This conducive environment will support the formation of health behaviours. Conversely, incompatible environments such as lack of facilities and the parent's inconsistency in at home intervening behaviour will damage the habits that have been established at school.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>the Covid-19 pandemic, health protocols, Health behaviour, behaviour formation, perilaku 3m</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.32505/atfaluna.v3i2.2209</text>
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                <text>Aṭfālunā</text>
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                <text>IAIN Langsa</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Theory and practice of education</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Ethical and cognitive challanges in the COVID-19 emergency</text>
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                <text>Chiara Lucifora, Gustavo Cevolani</text>
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                <text>The global emergency caused by the spread of COVID-19 raises critical challenges for individuals and communities on many different levels. In particular, politicians, scientists, physicians, and other professionals may face new ethical dilemmas and cognitive constraints as they make critical decisions in extraordinary circumstances. Philosophers and cognitive scientists have long analyzed and discussed such issues. An example is the debate on moral decision making in imaginary scenarios, such as the famous “Trolley Problem”. Similarly, dramatic and consequential decisions are realized daily in the current crisis. Focusing on Italy, we discuss the clinical ethical guidelines proposed by the Italian Society of Anesthesiology, Analgesia, Resuscitation and Intensive Care (SIAARTI), highlighting some crucial ethical and cognitive concerns surrounding emergency decision making in the current situation.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>covid-19, Cognition, bias, Clinical decision making, rationality, moral dilemmas</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.4453/rifp.2020.0022</text>
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                <text>Rivista Internazionale di Filosofia e Psicologia</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Mimesis Edizioni, Milano</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Philosophy. Psychology. Religion</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Severe COVID-19: NLRP3 Inflammasome Dysregulated</text>
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                <text>Daan F. van den Berg, Anje A. te Velde</text>
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                <text>SARS-CoV-2 might directly activate NLRP3 inflammasome resulting in an endogenous adjuvant activity necessary to mount a proper adaptive immune response against the virus. Heterogeneous response of COVID-19 patients could be attributed to differences in not being able to properly downregulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This relates to the fitness of the immune system of the individual challenged by the virus. Patients with a reduced immune fitness can demonstrate a dysregulated NLRP3 inflammasome activity resulting in severe COVID-19 with tissue damage and a cytokine storm. We sketch the outlines of five possible scenarios for COVID-19 in medical practice and provide potential treatment options targeting dysregulated endogenous adjuvant activity in severe COVID-19 patients.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Therapy, HMGB1, NLRP3 inflammasome, endogenous adjuvant activity</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.3389/fimmu.2020.01580</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="62891">
                <text>Immunologic diseases. Allergy</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Attach importance of the bootstrap t test against Student's t test in clinical epidemiology: a demonstrative comparison using COVID-19 as an example.</text>
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                <text>Jinjun Ran, Mohammad Javanbakht, Shi Zhao, Zuyao Yang, Salihu S Musa, Marc K C Chong, Daihai He, Maggie H Wang</text>
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                <text>Student's t test is valid for statistical inference under the normality assumption or asymptotically. By contrast, although the bootstrap t test was proposed in 1993, it is seldom adopted in medical research. We aim to demonstrate that the bootstrap t test outperforms Student's t test under normality in data. Using random data samples from normal distributions, we evaluated the testing performance, in terms of true-positive rate (TPR) and false-positive rate and diagnostic abilities, in terms of the area under the curve (AUC), of the bootstrap t test and Student's t test. We explore the AUC of both tests with varying sample size and coefficient of variation. We compare the testing outcomes using the COVID-19 serial interval (SI) data in Shenzhen and Hong Kong, China, for demonstration. With fixed TPR, the bootstrap t test maintained the equivalent accuracy in TPR, but significantly improved the true-negative rate from the Student's t test. With varying TPR, the diagnostic ability of bootstrap t test outperformed or equivalently performed as Student's t test in terms of the AUC. The equivalent performances are possible but rarely occur in practice. We find that the bootstrap t test outperforms by successfully detecting the difference in COVID-19 SI, which is defined as the time interval between consecutive transmission generations, due to sex and non-pharmaceutical interventions against the Student's t test. We demonstrated that the bootstrap t test outperforms Student's t test, and it is recommended to replace Student's t test in medical data analysis regardless of sample size.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>covid-19, serial interval, clinical epidemiology, Bootstrap t test, statistical hypothesis testing</text>
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                <text>10.1017/S0950268821001047</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and infection</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Functional studies of the coronavirus nonstructural proteins</text>
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                <text>Yanglin Qiu, Kai  Xu</text>
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                <text>Coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, and MERS-CoV, have caused contagious and fatal respiratory diseases in humans worldwide. Notably, the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 spread rapidly in early 2020 and became a global pandemic. The nonstructural proteins of coronaviruses are critical components of the viral replication machinery. They function in viral RNA transcription and replication, as well as counteracting the host innate immunity. Studies of these proteins not only revealed their essential role during viral infection but also help the design of novel drugs targeting the viral replication and immune evasion machinery. In this review, we summarize the functional studies of each nonstructural proteins and compare the similarities and differences between nonstructural proteins from different coronaviruses.</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, drug discovery, non-structural proteins</text>
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                <text>10.37175/stemedicine.v1i2.39</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Biology (General), Medicine (General)</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Medical Overuse in the Iranian Healthcare System: A Systematic Scoping Review and Practical Recommendations for Decreasing Medical Overuse During Unexpected COVID-19 Pandemic Opportunity</text>
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                <text>Pezeshki MZ, Janati A, Arab-Zozani M</text>
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                <text>Mohammad Zakaria Pezeshki,1 Ali Janati,2 Morteza Arab-Zozani3,4 1Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Department of Community and Family Medicine, Tabriz Medical School, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 2Iranian Center of Excellence in Health Management, Department of Health Services Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; 3Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; 4Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IranCorrespondence: Morteza Arab-Zozani Tel +98 9153317843Email arab.hta@gmail.comPurpose: To perform an inclusive search for original studies that report medical overuse in the Iranian healthcare system and discovering the area of overuse.Patients and Methods: A systematic search of the literature is conducted in bibliographic databases including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Sciences, Cochrane and Scientific Information Database using a comprehensive search strategy without time limit until the end of 2018, updated by 1 July 2020, accomplished by reference tracking, author contacting and expert consultation to identify studies on the overuse of medical care.Results: We reviewed 4124 published articles based on predetermined inclusion criteria. The author&amp;rsquo;s consensus included a total of 41 articles. Of these, 32 were in English and 9 in Farsi, published between 1975&amp;ndash; 2019. The result categorized into two distinct clinical areas: treatment (18 articles) and diagnostic (23 articles) services. Almost all of the studies only described the magnitude of unnecessary overuse. Unnecessary overuse of antibiotics, MRI, and CT-scan were the most reported topics. The ranges of their overuse proportion were as follows: antibiotic (31 to 97%); MRI (33 to 88%), and CT-scan (19 to 50%).Conclusion: Our review showed, even so, the magnitude of unnecessary overuse of medical services is high but there are only a few interventional studies in clinical and administrative level for finding effective methods for decreasing these unnecessary services. Researchers should be encouraged to conducting interventional studies. We suggest the ministry of health to use the golden opportunity of COVID-19 epidemic for designing Iran national policy and action plan for controlling and preventing unnecessary healthcare services and including a section for &amp;ldquo;Interventional Research&amp;rdquo; in the action plan.Keywords: medical overuse, healthcare system, COVID-19, Iran</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Iran, covid-19, Health care system, Medical overuse</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Public aspects of medicine</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>Conducting Phase I Trials During the SARS-Coronavirus-2 Outbreak: About Science and Care</text>
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                <text>Angelo Dipasquale, Angelo Dipasquale, Pasquale Persico, Pasquale Persico, Elena Lorenzi, Monica Bertossi, Armando Santoro, Armando Santoro, Matteo Simonelli, Matteo Simonelli</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>cancer, Clinical trial, SARS-CoV-2, covi-19, Phase I (drug development)</text>
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                <text>10.3389/fonc.2020.00926</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="62923">
                <text>Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>Is it Kawasaki shock syndrome, Kawasaki-like disease or pediatric inflammatory multisystem disease? The importance of semantic in the era of COVID-19 pandemic</text>
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                <text>Isabelle Kone-Paut, Rolando Cimaz</text>
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                <text>A few weeks after the peak of the global 2019 novel coronavirus disease pandemic, cases of shock, multisystem inflammation and severe myocarditis have occurred in children and adolescents, generating some concerns and above all many questions. An almost immediate association raised with shock syndrome related to Kawasaki disease (KD). However, in light of bo/th experience and literature have taught us about severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) infection, and what already known on the epidemiology of KD, we suggest here the hypothesis of a new ‘post-viral’ systemic inflammatory disease related to excessive adaptive immune response rather than a form of KD caused by SARS-COV-2. We discuss analogies and differences between the two forms.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>10.1136/rmdopen-2020-001333</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="62930">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="62932">
                <text>Using All-Atom Potentials to Refine RNA Structure Predictions of SARS-CoV-2 Stem Loops</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="62933">
                <text>Christina Bergonzo, Andrea  L. Szakal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="62934">
                <text>A considerable amount of rapid-paced research is underway to combat the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. In this work, we assess the 3D structure of the 5′ untranslated region of its RNA, in the hopes that stable secondary structures can be targeted, interrupted, or otherwise measured. To this end, we have combined molecular dynamics simulations with previous Nuclear Magnetic Resonance measurements for stem loop 2 of SARS-CoV-1 to refine 3D structure predictions of that stem loop. We find that relatively short sampling times allow for loop rearrangement from predicted structures determined in absence of water or ions, to structures better aligned with experimental data. We then use molecular dynamics to predict the refined structure of the transcription regulatory leader sequence (TRS-L) region which includes stem loop 3, and show that arrangement of the loop around exchangeable monovalent potassium can interpret the conformational equilibrium determined by in-cell dimethyl sulfate (DMS) data.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="62935">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="62936">
                <text>molecular dynamics, structure refinement, RNA stem loops, discontinuous transcription</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="62937">
                <text>10.3390/ijms21176188</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="62938">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="62939">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="62940">
                <text>Biology (General), Chemistry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
