716 10 20655 https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/dc3ba5e4611df5a06f4500b5565112fb.pdf 4331b90fd9bd9d6eb0ea2c8cd65ad5c4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Impact of Isolation Measures Due to COVID-19 on Energy Intake and Physical Activity Levels in Australian University Students Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Linda A. Gallo, Tania F. Gallo, Sophia L. Young, Karen M. Moritz, Lisa K. Akison Description An account of the resource The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic resulted in physical isolation measures in many parts of the world. In Australia, nationwide restrictions included staying at home, unless seeking medical care, providing care, purchasing food, undertaking exercise, or attending work in an essential service. All undergraduate university classes transitioned to online, mostly home-based learning. We, therefore, examined the effect of isolation measures during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (March/April) on diet (24-h recall) and physical activity (Active Australia Survey) patterns in third-year biomedical students. Findings were compared with students enrolled in the same course in the previous two years. In females, but not males, energy intake was ~20% greater during the pandemic, and snacking frequency and energy density of consumed snacks also increased compared with 2018 and 2019. Physical activity was impacted for both sexes during the pandemic with ~30% fewer students achieving “sufficient” levels of activity, defined by at least 150 min over at least five sessions, compared with the previous two years. In a follow-up study six to eight weeks later (14–18% response rate), during gradual easing of nationwide restrictions albeit continued gym closures and online learning, higher energy intake in females and reduced physical activity levels in both sexes persisted. These data demonstrate the health impacts of isolation measures, with the potential to affect long-term diet and activity behaviours. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource Pandemic, exercise, nutrition, diet, young adults, Late adolescents Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.3390/nu12061865 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Biotemas Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Nutrition. Foods and food supply https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/9b4b33738525e815f8125ec1cdf0137a.pdf 491ea11e2bc17bfd6f8a8f746946d484 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Spiritual care – ‘A deeper immunity’ – A response to Covid-19 pandemic Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nicolette V. Roman, Thuli G. Mthembu, Mujeeb Hoosen Description An account of the resource Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has presented unprecedented health challenges across all strata in society throughout the world. The COVID experience has caused us to reflect on quality of life, health and well-being and, just as important, end of life. During this time, spiritual care forms a vital component of holistic health management, especially in terms of coping, coming to terms with illness, suffering and ultimately death. The relationship with the transcendent or sacred has a strong influence on a people’s beliefs, attitudes, emotions and behaviour. Populations, communities, families and individuals have always found solace through their religious or philosophical beliefs during times of personal adversity and widespread anxiety or disaster. Although spiritual care has always been a part of the domain of religious beliefs, a more contemporary perspective is that spiritual care forms part of the human psyche and thus forms part of human care, health and well-being for families, patients and healthcare workers. Spiritual care deals with the provision of compassion and empathy during periods of heightened stress, distress and anxiety within care. This article provides insights into the necessity of providing spiritual care as a means of coping and well-being for families, patients and healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, Pandemic, Coping, well-being, spiritual care Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.4102/phcfm.v12i1.2456 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available AOSIS Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Medicine, Public aspects of medicine https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/bba173756994f84ff6eda43d62a5bef1.pdf 8f3cf8c28075d90685296be37f6352f8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tuberculosis and COVID-19 in Canada. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Malcolm King, Alexander Doroshenko, Courtney Heffernan, Richard Long Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100584 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived EClinicalMedicine https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/e585ebfb1cbd933c110c9a604d4007e1.pdf e63d7762913b091548bb90b66b1693e9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cyberchondria Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic: Challenges and Management Strategies Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rahul Varma, Sreeja Das, Tushar Singh Description An account of the resource The corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), first found in Wuhan, China in December 2019, has posed an inexplicable threat to the global community. After its inception, the virus proliferated rapidly, which led to the cause of millions of deaths, and having a detrimental effect on physical health, social lives, economic uncertainty, and mental health of people. The World Health Organization has reported that there are 111 million confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 2.45 million deaths due to COVID-19 worldwide. Indisputably, the present pandemic has contributed to the extensive psychological and environmental distress together with clinical depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), domestic violence, and unemployment. Due to the ambiguous nature of the pandemic, educational organizations, and outdoor activities are closed, thus burdening the mental health of younger populations. Children as well as youths are more glued to the Internet for their studies, online gaming, shopping, watching movies, and searching health-related information. Despite the advantages of using the Internet, it has some severe consequences too. Some people are repeatedly searching for physical and mental well-being related information without verifying credible sources, which, in turn, causes distress and anxiety. In such situations, individuals may end up contributing to an illness known as cyberchondria. In this paper, we have tried to highlight the problematic use of Internet for health-related searches and have outlined the management of such illness. We suggest two strategies: firstly, to reduce repeated online searches of health information and, secondly, to manage anxiety-augmenting thoughts that are triggered due to the maladaptive thoughts caused by the abstruse information. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, health, Cyberchondria, health related internet searches, Covid anxiety Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.618508 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Psychiatry https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/b94a6809104911188984af3566658a05.pdf 828798971fa64de664b0ad461d8773d5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Unintended Consequences of COVID-19 Mitigation Measures on Mass Transit and Car Use Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Élise Labonté-LeMoyne, Shang-Lin Chen, Constantinos K. Coursaris, Sylvain Sénécal, Pierre-Majorique Léger Description An account of the resource As the world adapts to COVID-19, the transport behaviour of commuters has been greatly modified. Governments and transit authorities will need strong, well-received mitigation measures and education campaigns to maintain the historically upward trend of sustainable mass transit usage following this pandemic. This study, from a survey of 1968 Canadians in early May 2020, reveals that, following the end of stay-at-home orders, commuters intend to use their cars more and mass transit less. Driving these behavioural changes are commuters’ perceptions that mass transit use will negatively impact their health safety, peace of mind, and travel experience. The results also show that certain mitigation measures, such as more frequent cleaning and mandatory hand washing, are likely to reduce this decline, whereas e-monitoring and the use of health certificates will be detrimental to mass transit ridership through user perception. These results can help lessen the environmental impact of the public returning to work by encouraging their continued use of more environmentally friendly modes of transportation. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource risk perception, covid-19, Public transport, mitigation measures, travel behaviour, post-lockdown travel Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.3390/su12239892 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Biotemas Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable energy sources, Environmental sciences https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/6eee6b717122d4d5a5957e0e5b9d7fac.pdf 8ca1fab833d49e28ad395ed83770a58c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Epidemiology, outcomes, and utilization of intensive care unit resources for critically ill COVID-19 patients in Libya: A prospective multi-center cohort study. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Muhammed Elhadi, Ahmed Alsoufi, Abdurraouf Abusalama, Akram Alkaseek, Saedah Abdeewi, Mohammed Yahya, Alsnosy Mohammed, Mohammed Abdelkabir, Mohammed Huwaysh, Emad Amkhatirah, Kamel Alshorbaji, Samer Khel, Marwa Gamra, Abdulmueti Alhadi, Taha Abubaker, Mohamed Anaiba, Mohammed Elmugassabi, Muhannud Binnawara, Ala Khaled, Ahmed Zaid, Ahmed Msherghi Description An account of the resource BackgroundThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has severely affected African countries, specifically the countries, such as Libya, that are in constant conflict. Clinical and laboratory information, including mortality and associated risk factors in relation to hospital settings and available resources, about critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Africa is not available. This study aimed to determine the mortality and morbidity of COVID-19 patients in intensive care units (ICU) following 60 days after ICU admission, and explore the factors that influence in-ICU mortality rate.MethodsThis is a multicenter prospective observational study among COVID-19 critical care patients in 11 ICUs in Libya from May 29th to December 30th 2020. Basic demographic data, clinical characteristics, laboratory values, admission Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, quick SOFA, and clinical management were analyzed.ResultWe included 465 consecutive COVID-19 critically ill patients. The majority (67.1%) of the patients were older than 60 years, with a median (IQR) age of 69 (56.5-75); 240 (51.6%) were male. At 60 days of follow-up, 184 (39.6%) were discharged alive, while 281 (60.4%) died in the intensive care unit. The median (IQR) ICU length of stay was 7 days (4-10) and non-survivors had significantly shorter stay, 6 (3-10) days. The body mass index was 27.9 (24.1-31.6) kg/m2. At admission to the intensive care unit, quick SOFA median (IQR) score was 1 (1-2), whereas total SOFA score was 6 (4-7). In univariate analysis, the following parameters were significantly associated with increased/decreased hazard of mortality: increased age, BMI, white cell count, neutrophils, procalcitonin, cardiac troponin, C-reactive protein, ferritin, fibrinogen, prothrombin, and d-dimer levels were associated with higher risk of mortality. Decreased lymphocytes, and platelet count were associated with higher risk of mortality. Quick SOFA and total SOFA scores increase, emergency intubation, inotrope use, stress myocardiopathy, acute kidney injury, arrythmia, and seizure were associated with higher mortality.ConclusionOur study reported the highest mortality rate (60.4%) among critically ill patients with COVID-19 60 days post-ICU admission. Several factors were found to be predictive of mortality, which may help to identify patients at risk of mortality during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1371/journal.pone.0251085 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Science, Medicine https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/864e2fdea59f846e8d7e99419e3470db.pdf c45c727c863e1989d100bba8e61dbe12 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fractional-Order SIR Epidemic Model for Transmission Prediction of COVID-19 Disease Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kamil Kozioł, Rafał Stanisławski, Grzegorz Bialic Description An account of the resource In this paper, the fractional-order generalization of the susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) epidemic model for predicting the spread of the COVID-19 disease is presented. The time-domain model implementation is based on the fixed-step method using the nabla fractional-order difference defined by Grünwald-Letnikov formula. We study the influence of fractional order values on the dynamic properties of the proposed fractional-order SIR model. In modeling the COVID-19 transmission, the model’s parameters are estimated while using the genetic algorithm. The model prediction results for the spread of COVID-19 in Italy and Spain confirm the usefulness of the introduced methodology. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, SIR epidemic model, Fractional order systems Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.3390/app10238316 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Biology (General), Chemistry, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Technology, Physics https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/a4c16fb7cc3b63502164eb9d88b9bbb7.pdf 1402bcef3e4020f64435878647c7f3a4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ten Most Highly Cited Papers in Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM), 2018–2020 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Michael McAleer Description An account of the resource Of the numerous important, significant, and high-quality papers that have been published in the Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM), the journal’s highly dedicated and efficient team have determined the top 10 cited papers for 2018–2020, as listed in the references, two of which are included in the World Health Organization’s (2020a, 2020b) list of “WHO COVID-19 Global literature on coronavirus disease”, and three of which are sole-authored papers [...] Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource n/a Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.3390/jrfm13120294 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Finance, Risk in industry. Risk management https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/bf178613a414dc8c6f81ac1c33127393.pdf a6463d656a686b28918fbf95579ea4b9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Table Organization Optimization in Schools for Preserving the Social Distance during the COVID-19 Pandemic Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hilde Pérez, Javier Díez-González, Paula Verde, Rubén Ferrero-Guillén, Rubén Álvarez Description An account of the resource The COVID-19 pandemic has supposed a challenge for education. The school closures during the initial coronavirus outbreak for reducing the infections have promoted negative effects on children, such as the interruption of their normal social relationships or their necessary physical activity. Thus, most of the countries worldwide have considered as a priority the reopening of schools but imposing some rules for keeping safe places for the school lessons such as social distancing, wearing facemasks, hydroalcoholic gels or reducing the capacity in the indoor rooms. In Spain, the government has fixed a minimum distance of 1.5 m among the students’ desks for preserving the social distancing and schools have followed orthogonal and triangular mesh patterns for achieving valid table dispositions that meet the requirements. However, these patterns may not attain the best results for maximizing the distances among the tables. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce for the first time in the authors’ best knowledge a Genetic Algorithm (GA) for optimizing the disposition of the tables at schools during the coronavirus pandemic. We apply this GA in two real-application scenarios in which we find table dispositions that increase the distances among the tables by 19.33% and 10%, respectively, with regards to regular government patterns in these classrooms, thus fulfilling the main objectives of the paper. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, genetic algorithms, Genetic Operators, table distribution optimization, table location problem Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.3390/app10238392 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Biology (General), Chemistry, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Technology, Physics https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/d5993ad9c2bca48e9690594c43e794c6.pdf d0e2077289ccfc8f9b0fc11af5b827dc Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trimeric SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins Produced from CHO Cells in Bioreactors Are High-Quality Antigens Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Paco Pino, Joeri Kint, Divor Kiseljak, Valentina Agnolon, Giampietro Corradin, Andrey V. Kajava, Paolo Rovero, Ronald Dijkman, Gerco den Hartog, Jason S. McLellan, Patrick O. Byrne, Maria J. Wurm, Florian M. Wurm Description An account of the resource The spike protein of the pandemic human corona virus is essential for its entry into human cells. In fact, most neutralizing antibodies against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are directed against the Virus-surface exposed spike protein, making it the antigen of choice for use in vaccines and diagnostic tests. In the current pandemic context, global demand for spike proteins has rapidly increased and could exceed hundreds of grams to kilograms annually. Coronavirus spikes are large heavily glycosylated homo-trimeric complexes, with inherent instability. The poor manufacturability now threatens the availability of these proteins for vaccines and diagnostic tests. Here, we outline scalable, Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) compliant, and chemically defined processes for the production of two cell-secreted stabilized forms of the trimeric spike proteins (Wuhan and D614G variant). The processes are chemically defined and based on clonal suspension-CHO cell populations and on protein purification via a two-step scalable downstream process. The trimeric conformation was confirmed using electron microscopy and HPLC analysis. Binding to susceptible cells was shown using a virus-inhibition assay. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for detection of serum SARS-CoV-2-specific-immunoglobulin molecules was found to exceed that of spike fragments (Spike subunit-1, S1 and Receptor Binding Domain, RBD). The process described here will enable production of sufficient high-quality trimeric spike protein to meet the global demand for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests and potentially vaccines. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource vaccines, diagnostics, SARS-CoV-2, CHO cells, manufacturability, trimeric spike Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.3390/pr8121539 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Chemistry, Chemical technology