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                <text>On Confinement and Quarantine Concerns on an SEIAR Epidemic Model with Simulated Parameterizations for the COVID-19 Pandemic</text>
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                <text>Asier Ibeas, Manuel De la Sen, Ravi  P. Agarwal</text>
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                <text>This paper firstly studies an SIR (susceptible-infectious-recovered) epidemic model without demography and with no disease mortality under both total and under partial quarantine of the susceptible subpopulation or of both the susceptible and the infectious ones in order to satisfy the hospital availability requirements on bed disposal and other necessary treatment means for the seriously infectious subpopulations. The seriously infectious individuals are assumed to be a part of the total infectious being described by a time-varying proportional function. A time-varying upper-bound of those seriously infected individuals has to be satisfied as objective by either a total confinement or partial quarantine intervention of the susceptible subpopulation. Afterwards, a new extended SEIR (susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered) epidemic model, which is referred to as an SEIAR (susceptible-exposed-symptomatic infectious-asymptomatic infectious-recovered) epidemic model with demography and disease mortality is given and focused on so as to extend the above developed ideas on the SIR model. A proportionally gain in the model parameterization is assumed to distribute the transition from the exposed to the infectious into the two infectious individuals (namely, symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals). Such a model is evaluated under total or partial quarantines of all or of some of the subpopulations which have the effect of decreasing the number of contagions. Simulated numerical examples are also discussed related to model parameterizations of usefulness related to the current COVID-19 pandemic outbreaks.</text>
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                <text>Human security, social stigma, and global health: the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia</text>
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                <text>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a global public health threat with many medical, ethical, economic, and socialimpacts. COVID-19 has spread worldwide, to many Asian and Middle Eastern countries, the United Statesof America, and European countries. The current COVID-19 pandemic that has devastated Indonesia, has infected and killed more healthcare workers, in particular doctors and nurses, than any other outbreak in the history of this virus. People have basic needs that must be met for them to feel safe and secure. A history of the outbreak of the COVID-19 is brifley showed, before exploring the impact the virus had in Indonesia. During this exploration, some of the key issues arising from the experiences in Indonesia, in addressing the threat of COVID-19 will be reviewed. Drawing on the COVID-19 as the case study, we consider the ways in which the concept of human security expands understanding of its relationship to health. Further, weshow how major public health issues can evolve into security threats.The final section of the article will be an analysis of the lessons learned from COVID-19 and policy implications in addressing health and human security threats.</text>
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                <text>10.19106/JMedSciSI005203202014</text>
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                <text>Universitas Gadjah Mada</text>
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                <text>Bruce Janz, Eka Kaznina, Kim Jihyun, Claudia Ammann, David Kohlberg, Cătălin Mamali</text>
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                <text>The article is combined of six chapters authored by these who voiced their experiences with social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemics in various contexts, but mostly centered on psychological, sociological, and ethical aspects. Authors, mostly psychologists and philosophers, were invited to describe their perspectives on the sense and practice of social distancing in times of pandemics. Their reflections seek to demonstrate various perspectives related to subjects’ novel self-experience, social situatedness, and their dealing with conventions and habits altered through the pandemics. As “the owl of Minerva takes its flight only when the shades of night are gathering” (Hegel), there is no conclusion in this article. It rather encourages other authors to reflect on the nearly global, still lasting phenomenon.</text>
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                <text>isolation, covid-19, pandemics, social distancing, self-experience, relatedness to the world</text>
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                <text>10.14746/eip.2020.1.2</text>
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                <text>Ethics in Progress</text>
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                <text>Adam Mickiewicz University</text>
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                <text>Economic Power Comparison between United States and China in the Context of Covid-19 Pandemic: Based on Statistical Methods</text>
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                <text>Generally speaking, economic crises are caused by insufficient demand, while the economic crisis that may be caused by the Covid-19 epidemic started with insufficient supply. In the case of insufficient demand, countries often use a series of monetary policies to release liquidity, such as interest rate cuts, RRR cuts. However, the interest rate cut this time may not work well. This is because the interest rate cut can increase the liquidity of the market.While controlling the epidemic, we should promptly resume work and production, and produce a variety of commodities that meet consumer demand. During this period of time, the main strategy is not monetary policy. Instead, appropriate fiscal policies should be used to reduce the burden on enterprises so that they can survive this difficult time without dying before they start their careers. Only companies that can survive the epidemic are good companies that have combat effectiveness and can continue to conquer the market after the epidemic is over.Therefore, in the face of the Covid-19 epidemic, the competition between China and the United States should not be a zero-sum game because the United States is the final consumer of a large number of products produced by China, and the United States is still the world’s leader. If the US economy declines, it will definitely affect global economic development. When necessary, we also need to support the production of high-end consumer products in the United States and allocate a portion of the production capacity for them. Only when the two sides have healthy competition can the industrial chain of both sides be upgraded together.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Environmental sciences</text>
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                <text>Simon Ball, Paul Cockwell, Peter Nightingale, David McNulty, Domenico Pagano, Felicity Evison, Tanya Pankhurst, Katharine Reeves, Suzy Gallier, M Ahmed, Jamie Coleman, Rifat Rashid, Chris Mainey, Hannah Crothers, Lylah Irshad, Maxim Harris, Theodore Nabav, A Kolesnyk, A Liaqat, Chirag Dave, Khaled ElFandi</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66500">
                <text>Background Studies suggest that certain black and Asian minority ethnic groups experience poorer outcomes from COVID-19, but these studies have not provided insight into potential reasons for this. We hypothesised that outcomes would be poorer for those of South Asian ethnicity hospitalised from a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, once confounding factors, health-seeking behaviours and community demographics were considered, and that this might reflect a more aggressive disease course in these patients.Methods Patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection requiring admission to University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust (UHB) in Birmingham, UK between 10 March 2020 and 17 April 2020 were included. Standardised admission ratio (SAR) and standardised mortality ratio (SMR) were calculated using observed COVID-19 admissions/deaths and 2011 census data. Adjusted HR for mortality was estimated using Cox proportional hazard model adjusting and propensity score matching.Results All patients admitted to UHB with COVID-19 during the study period were included (2217 in total). 58% were male, 69.5% were white and the majority (80.2%) had comorbidities. 18.5% were of South Asian ethnicity, and these patients were more likely to be younger and have no comorbidities, but twice the prevalence of diabetes than white patients. SAR and SMR suggested more admissions and deaths in South Asian patients than would be predicted and they were more likely to present with severe disease despite no delay in presentation since symptom onset. South Asian ethnicity was associated with an increased risk of death, both by Cox regression (HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.2 to 1.8), after adjusting for age, sex, deprivation and comorbidities, and by propensity score matching, matching for the same factors but categorising ethnicity into South Asian or not (HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.6).Conclusions Those of South Asian ethnicity appear at risk of worse COVID-19 outcomes. Further studies need to establish the underlying mechanistic pathways.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66501">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66502">
                <text>10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000644</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66503">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66504">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66505">
                <text>Medicine, Diseases of the respiratory system</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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  <item itemId="7585" public="1" featured="0">
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/64817c5988ce157fe9c44a84545919ba.pdf</src>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66506">
                <text>Role of Chest Radiographs and CT Scans and the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Coronavirus Disease 2019</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66507">
                <text>Seung-Jin Yoo, Jin Mo Goo, Soon Ho Yoon</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66508">
                <text>Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has threatened public health as a global pandemic. Chest CTand radiography are crucial in managing COVID-19 in addition to reverse transcription-polymerasechain reaction, which is the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnosis. This is a review ofthe current status of the use of chest CT and radiography in COVID-19 diagnosis and managementand anㄷ introduction of early representative studies on the application of artificial intelligenceto chest CT and radiography. The authors also share their experiences to provide insightsinto the future value of artificial intelligence.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66509">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66510">
                <text>covid-19, artificial intelligence, lung, tomography, x-ray computed, Radiography</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66511">
                <text>https://doi.org/10.3348/jksr.2020.0138</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66512">
                <text>대한영상의학회지</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66513">
                <text>The Korean Society of Radiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66514">
                <text>Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7586" public="1" featured="0">
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      <file fileId="7586">
        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/4ef902ce7cee9615c1cd4a0560879f5c.pdf</src>
        <authentication>68f255008ff0e6cf13d36080e01b0721</authentication>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66515">
                <text>Is pleural effusion in COVID-19 interstitial pneumonia related to in-hospital mortality?</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66516">
                <text>Alberto Cereda, Marco Toselli, Anna Palmisano, Riccardo Leone, Davide Vignale, Valeria Nicoletti, Gianluca Campo, Alberto Monello, Davide Ippolito, Francesco Giannini, Antonio Esposito</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66517">
                <text>The recent severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has highlighted the importance of pulmonary computed tomography (CT) for diagnosis and prognostic stratification of this new viral pneumonia. 1370 lung CT scans (performed at the time of admission) of consecutive patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 in Northern Italy during the first epidemic wave were analyzed by a radiological CoreLab. The presence of pleural effusion on pulmonary CT scan was present in 188 patients (13.3% of the population) and identified a population with more comorbidities. Patients with pleural effusion had more cardio-respiratory complications with higher mortality. Pleural effusion was an independent predictor of death on multivariate analysis with an HR of 1.4 (95% confidence interval 1-1.9). Pulmonary CT pleural effusion was an independent predictor of mortality.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66518">
                <text>2021</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66519">
                <text>covid-19, pneumonia, computed tomography, chest, pleuric effusion</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66520">
                <text>10.4081/itjm.2021.1440</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66521">
                <text>Italian Journal of Medicine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66522">
                <text>PAGEPress Publications</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66523">
                <text>Medicine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="7587" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/b62a1d0cd568f38c393d3f4429ac99a3.pdf</src>
        <authentication>425d2ec131a86874d5d19e7198be6f6c</authentication>
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        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66524">
                <text>APLICAREA LEGISLAȚIEI CONCURENȚIALE ÎN TIMPUL PANDEMIEI</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66525">
                <text>Grigore CHIȚANU</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66526">
                <text>Respectarea legislației concurențiale este indispensabilă pentru o economie puternică, inclusiv în cazurile declarării unei pandemii sau instituirii stării de urgențe de către unele state. Măsurile luate de către unele state, cum ar fi închiderea frontierelor, interzicerea exporturilor unor produse (măști medicale, dezinfectante etc.), suspendarea activității unor agenți economici, afectează direct sectoare întregi din economia națională. Respectiv, agenții economici sunt nevoiți să ia unele măsuri care ar putea afecta concurența pe o perioadă restrânsă de timp, însă efectele pot fi de durată.Prezentul articol cuprinde analiza măsurilor anunțate de către autoritățile de concurență din diferite state cu privire la aplicarea normelor din domeniul concurenței în situația de pandemie. APPLICATION OF COMPETITIVE LEGISLATION DURING PANDEMIACompliance with the competition law is indispensable for a strong economy, including the cases of a pandemic declaration or the establishment of a state of emergency by some states. The measures taken by some states such as: closing the borders, prohibiting exports of some products (medical masks, disinfectants, etc.), suspending the activity of some economic agents, directly affect entire sectors of the national economy, respectively the economic agents are required to take some measures which could affect competition for a limited period of time, but the effects can be lasting. Respectively, this article contains an analysis of the measures announced by the competition authorities of different states regarding the application of the competition rules in the pandemic situation.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66527">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66528">
                <text>covid-19, Pandemic, limitation, Authorization, Enterprises, competition anti-competitive agreements</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66529">
                <text>Studia Universitatis Moldaviae: Stiinte Sociale</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66530">
                <text>Moldova State University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66531">
                <text>Social Sciences</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="7588" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/3b90fa5469a36ad4cc027d2a6d702556.pdf</src>
        <authentication>8794590d734f4d23e1ec471e5ca54a2d</authentication>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66532">
                <text>Colony Stimulating Factors in Early Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus Infection of Monocytes and in End Stage Feline Infectious Peritonitis; A Combined In Vivo And In Vitro Approach</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66533">
                <text>Séverine Tasker, Alexandra J. Malbon, Eleni Michalopoulou, Marina L. Meli, Emi N. Barker, Keith Baptiste, Anja Kipar</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66534">
                <text>Feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection initiates monocyte-associated viremia and viral persistence. Virus-infected, -activated monocytes also trigger feline infectious peritonitis (FIP), a fatal systemic disease of felids typified by granulomatous (peri)phlebitis. Currently, the exact mechanisms inducing monocyte activation and FIP are unknown. This study attempted to identify the potential immediate effect of virulent FCoV on colony-stimulating factor (CSF) (granulocyte (G)-CSF, monocyte (M)-CSF and granulocyte-monocyte (GM)-CSF levels through in vitro assessment, alongside prototypical pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators (interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-12p40, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-10); this was assessed alongside the in vivo situation in the hemolymphatic tissues of cats euthanized with natural end-stage FIP. For the in vitro work, isolated monocytes from SPF cats were cultured short-term and infected with the FIP virus (FIPV) strain DF2. Mediator transcription was assessed by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) at 3, 6 and 9 h post infection (hpi), and in the post-mortem samples of bone marrow, spleen, and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) of cats with FIP. We observed limited and transient changes in cytokine transcription in monocytes after infection, i.e., a significant increase of IL-6 at 3 hpi and of GM-CSF over the 3 and 6 hpi period, whereas M-CSF was significantly decreased at 9 hpi, with a limited effect of age. The findings indicate that the infection induces expansion of the monocyte/macrophage population, which would ensure the sufficient supply of cells for consistent viral replication. In natural disease, the only upregulation was of G-CSF in the MLN, suggesting either immune exhaustion or an active downregulation by the host as part of its viral response.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66535">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66536">
                <text>feline infectious peritonitis, feline coronavirus, Colony-stimulating factors, monocyte proliferation</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="66537">
                <text>10.3390/pathogens9110893</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Envisioning the Veracity of Digital Ecosystem in Improvising Effective Pandemic Response</text>
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                <text>Aditya Bharti, Supriya Krishnan, Supriya Krishnan, Sudhanshu Kumar Bharti, Sudhanshu Kumar Bharti</text>
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                <text>The obfuscation and the kind of cover-up or delay in COVID-19 crisis response put the veracity of global healthcare settings at stake and appended a biological dimension to geopolitical tensions. The ineffectual surveillance systems of public health and social measures cause the swift viral transmission pace amid mounting death toll and necessitate for an effective, cohesive, and strategic response. The digital ecosystem can serve the purposes intended in a transparent and immutable manner. This article highlights the problems encountered by the global healthcare settings in responding to pandemic and throws light on how the global digital ecosystem can handle crisis by managing the landscape radically through transparent information sharing via Internet of things (IoT) with the data being utilized by artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain technologies on a cross-disciplinary collaborative basis. It will help to develop and provide borderless solutions of public health via monitoring, surveillance, detection, and prevention as well as digi-tool-assisted repurposed treatment by the use of authentic and decentralized distributed database that makes all contributors (participating countries, United Nations Organizations, the world medical associations, and global media and publications) accountable, inviolable, and efficient to tackle healthcare processes. It will extricate a blanket ban on information sharing thereby bringing democracy and freedom.</text>
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                <text>artificial intelligence, Covid-19 crisis, internet of things, blockchain, nodes, PHSM (public health and social measures)</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Information technology</text>
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