37 10 20655 https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/af183ca0469eed184a023c495076f6a0.pdf cf41fb992624028f20c9d7607ef3e21e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The nucleocapsid protein of human coronavirus NL63. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kaja Zuwala, Anna Gołda, Wojciech Kabala, Michał Burmistrz, Michal Zdzalik, Paulina Nowak, Sylwia Kedracka-Krok, Mirosław Zarębski, Jerzy Dobrucki, Dominik Florek, Slawomir Zeglen, Jacek Wojarski, Jan Potempa, Grzegorz Dubin, Krzysztof Pyrc Description An account of the resource Human coronavirus (HCoV) NL63 was first described in 2004 and is associated with respiratory tract disease of varying severity. At the genetic and structural level, HCoV-NL63 is similar to other members of the Coronavirinae subfamily, especially human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E). Detailed analysis, however, reveals several unique features of the pathogen. The coronaviral nucleocapsid protein is abundantly present in infected cells. It is a multi-domain, multi-functional protein important for viral replication and a number of cellular processes. The aim of the present study was to characterize the HCoV-NL63 nucleocapsid protein. Biochemical analyses revealed that the protein shares characteristics with homologous proteins encoded in other coronaviral genomes, with the N-terminal domain responsible for nucleic acid binding and the C-terminal domain involved in protein oligomerization. Surprisingly, analysis of the subcellular localization of the N protein of HCoV-NL63 revealed that, differently than homologous proteins from other coronaviral species except for SARS-CoV, it is not present in the nucleus of infected or transfected cells. Furthermore, no significant alteration in cell cycle progression in cells expressing the protein was observed. This is in stark contrast with results obtained for other coronaviruses, except for the SARS-CoV. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117833 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived PLoS ONE Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Public Library of Science (PLoS) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Science, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/0401bd5ca43eefb35dfa2c368e84ecaf.pdf b4fe30416584f75afec74ea4cf462344 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Systematic artifacts in support vector regression-based compound potency prediction revealed by statistical and activity landscape analysis. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jenny Balfer, Jürgen Bajorath Description An account of the resource Support vector machines are a popular machine learning method for many classification tasks in biology and chemistry. In addition, the support vector regression (SVR) variant is widely used for numerical property predictions. In chemoinformatics and pharmaceutical research, SVR has become the probably most popular approach for modeling of non-linear structure-activity relationships (SARs) and predicting compound potency values. Herein, we have systematically generated and analyzed SVR prediction models for a variety of compound data sets with different SAR characteristics. Although these SVR models were accurate on the basis of global prediction statistics and not prone to overfitting, they were found to consistently mispredict highly potent compounds. Hence, in regions of local SAR discontinuity, SVR prediction models displayed clear limitations. Compared to observed activity landscapes of compound data sets, landscapes generated on the basis of SVR potency predictions were partly flattened and activity cliff information was lost. Taken together, these findings have implications for practical SVR applications. In particular, prospective SVR-based potency predictions should be considered with caution because artificially low predictions are very likely for highly potent candidate compounds, the most important prediction targets. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119301 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived PLoS ONE Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Public Library of Science (PLoS) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Science, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/40a9ffd87ad5484139e8ebd2d958ef2b.pdf 5e66841674e95157566ebf176a26a855 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mild Encephalitis with a Reversible Splenial Lesion (MERS) Accompanied by Myelitis: A Case Report Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ju-Young Lee, Min Woo Lee, Chaeyoung Lee, Jinhyuk Yoo, Jong Seok Bae, Hong Ki Song Description An account of the resource Background: Mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) can present with various manifestations of central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. However, MERS with myelitis has rarely been reported. We reported a case of MERS with concomitant myelitis. Case Report: A 35-year-old male was admitted to our department because of decreased mentality. Before admission, he complained of headache, fever over 38.0oC and urinary retention. Brain MRI showed a lesion on the splenium and spine MRI revealed diffuse lesions in the cervicothoracic segments. He was treated with an IV steroid pulse regimen for 5 days. Remarkably, he recovered from his neurological symptoms after 1 month of symptom onset. Conclusion: This is the first report on MERS with concomitant myelitis in Korea. While the etiology is unknown, certain trophisms of infectious pathogens to the CNS structure may have a role in this syndrome. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015 Subject The topic of the resource encephalitis, Myelitis, Corpus Callosum, Urinary retention, Ataxia of gait Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.18700/jnc.2015.8.2.118 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Neurocritical Care Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Korean Neurocritical Care Society Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system Language A language of the resource EN, KO https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/05eb2235310445e8f7cc46a8b03a1b9f.pdf f9c07f723af3704245bdc06e34313b44 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mechanism of nucleic acid unwinding by SARS-CoV helicase. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Adeyemi O. Adedeji, Bruno Marchand, Aartjan J. W. te Velthuis, Eric J. Snijder, Susan Weiss, Robert L. Eoff, Kamalendra Singh, Stefan G. Sarafianos Description An account of the resource The non-structural protein 13 (nsp13) of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is a helicase that separates double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) or DNA (dsDNA) with a 5' → 3' polarity, using the energy of nucleotide hydrolysis. We determined the minimal mechanism of helicase function by nsp13. We showed a clear unwinding lag with increasing length of the double-stranded region of the nucleic acid, suggesting the presence of intermediates in the unwinding process. To elucidate the nature of the intermediates we carried out transient kinetic analysis of the nsp13 helicase activity. We demonstrated that the enzyme unwinds nucleic acid in discrete steps of 9.3 base-pairs (bp) each, with a catalytic rate of 30 steps per second. Therefore the net unwinding rate is ~280 base-pairs per second. We also showed that nsp12, the SARS-CoV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), enhances (2-fold) the catalytic efficiency of nsp13 by increasing the step size of nucleic acid (RNA/RNA or DNA/DNA) unwinding. This effect is specific for SARS-CoV nsp12, as no change in nsp13 activity was observed when foot-and-mouth-disease virus RdRp was used in place of nsp12. Our data provide experimental evidence that nsp13 and nsp12 can function in a concerted manner to improve the efficiency of viral replication and enhance our understanding of nsp13 function during SARS-CoV RNA synthesis. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2012 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036521 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived PLoS ONE Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Public Library of Science (PLoS) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Science, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/ff5c85a926f72db0ca3c70258ca7c6e9.pdf 3c657905bf05f5d506ff6798d2e94e4a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Strengthening epidemiologic investigation of infectious diseases in Korea: lessons from the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Chang-Hwan Lee, Moran Ki Description An account of the resource The recent outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) coronavirus infection in Korea resulted in large socioeconomic losses. This provoked the Korean government and the general public to recognize the importance of having a well-established system against infectious diseases. Although epidemiologic investigation is one of the most important aspects of prevention, it has been pointed out that much needs to be improved in Korea. We review here the current status of the Korean epidemiologic service and suggest possible supplementation measures. We examine the current national preventive infrastructure, including human resources such as Epidemic Intelligence Service officers, its governmental management, and related policies. In addition, we describe the practical application of these resources to the recent MERS outbreak and the progress in preventive measures. The spread of MERS demonstrated that the general readiness for emerging infectious diseases in Korea is considerably low. We believe that it is essential to increase society’s investment in disease prevention. Fostering public health personnel, legislating management policies, and establishing research centers for emerging infectious diseases are potential solutions. Evaluating international preventive systems, developing cooperative measures, and initiating improvements are necessary. We evaluated the Korean epidemiologic investigation system and the public preventive measures against infectious diseases in light of the recent MERS outbreak. We suggest that governmental authorities in Korea enforce preventive policies, foster the development of highly qualified personnel, and increase investment in the public health domain of infectious disease prevention. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015 Subject The topic of the resource Middle East respiratory syndrome, coronavirus infections, Epidemiologic investigation, infectious diseases, Korea, Outbreak Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.4178/epih/e2015040 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/397587eeb752e52d7562e072b77e9430.pdf 8cef74f9fb49367663b606a4348fc481 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Implementation of Quaternary Prevention in the Korean Healthcare System: Lessons From the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Outbreak in the Republic of Korea Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jong-Myon Bae Description An account of the resource Quaternary prevention should be implemented to minimize harm to patients because the ultimate goal of medicine is to prevent disease and promote health. Primary care physicians have a major responsibility in quaternary prevention, and the establishment of clinical epidemiology as a distinct field of study would create a role charged with minimizing patient harm arising from over-medicalization. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015 Subject The topic of the resource prevention, delivery of health care, Health promotion, patient safety Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.15.059 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society for Preventive Medicine Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Public aspects of medicine, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/b0f7418a211b33d8c9e6abe87cafa565.pdf 4307009af2a4aa1f0891d845a79b1254 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Avoiding student infection during a Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak: a single medical school experience Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Seung-Won Park, Hye Won Jang, Yon Ho Choe, Kyung Soo Lee, Yong Chan Ahn, Myung Jin Chung, Kyu-Sung Lee, Kyunghoon Lee, Tae-Hee Han Description An account of the resource Purpose: In outbreaks of infectious disease, medical students are easily overlooked in the management of healthcare personnel protection although they serve in clinical clerkships in hospitals. In the early summer of 2015, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) struck South Korea, and students of Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (SKKUSOM) were at risk of contracting the disease. The purpose of this report is to share SKKUSOM’s experience against the MERS outbreak and provide suggestions for medical schools to consider in the face of similar challenges. Methods: Through a process of reflection-on-action, we examined SKKUSOM’s efforts to avoid student infection during the MERS outbreak and derived a few practical guidelines that medical schools can adopt to ensure student safety in outbreaks of infectious disease. Results: The school leadership conducted ongoing risk assessment and developed contingency plans to balance student safety and continuity in medical education. They rearranged the clerkships to another hospital and offered distant lectures and tutorials. Five suggestions are extracted for medical schools to consider in infection outbreaks: instant cessation of clinical clerkships; rational decision making on a school closure; use of information technology; constant communication with hospitals; and open communication with faculty, staff, and students. Conclusion: Medical schools need to take the initiative and actively seek countermeasures against student infection. It is essential that medical schools keep constant communication with their index hospitals and the involved personnel. In order to assure student learning, medical schools may consider offering distant education with online technology. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2016 Subject The topic of the resource Middle East respiratory syndrome, emerging infectious disease, Medical students, Risk assessment Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3946/kjme.2016.30 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Korean Journal of Medical Education Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Medical Education Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Education (General), Medicine (General) Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/96e6c5d3c4836fc03d9423593a61030f.pdf 56adf3b7fc3bef3e0b51aba42104016d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Influence of interferon-based drugs on immunological indices in specific prevention Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alfia Andreeva, Oksana Nikolaeva, Oleg Altynbekov, Chulpan Galieva, Kseniia Ilina Description An account of the resource Aim: The research aimed to study the effect of interferon (IFN)-based drugs on the behavior of immunological parameters in calves during the specific prevention of associative infections.Materials and Methods: The object of research was 45 black motley cows and their calves from birth to 2 months of life. Serum and colostrum samples were screened for antibodies against Rotavirus, diarrhea, and coronavirus using serological methods. The testing was performed before vaccination, 40 days before calving, 20 days before calving, and before calving. Colostrum samples were taken during the first milk yield. Serum samples from calves were drawn before colostrum feeding as well as at 7, 14, and 21 days, and 1 and 2 months of age. To measure the level of immunoglobulins A, M, and G, additional serum samples were collected from calves at 25, 35, 65, and 75 days after birth.Results: Giving pregnant cows, an IFN-based drug at a dose of 1 ml/kg 48 h before vaccination results in the development and accumulation of antibodies to Rotavirus, coronavirus, and viral diarrhea (VD) in the colostrum, with a titer of 7.6±0.3 log2, 5.8±0.34 log2, and 4.4±0.18 log2, respectively. It indicates an increase in the antigenic activity of the multivalent vaccine.Conclusion: IFN-based drugs enhance the protective effect of vaccination against associative infections in the newborn calves. They stimulate a rise in the titer of antibodies to Rotavirus, coronavirus, VD, and mucosal disease complex as well as an increase in immunoglobulins A, M, and G. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource antibody titer, coronavirus, immunoglobulins a, M, and G, interferon, rotavirus, Vaccinations Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.238-244 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Veterinary World Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Veterinary World Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Veterinary medicine, Animal culture Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/8d7751a1a6f81d178b272d6e4edebc60.pdf ea55b0b927826cf913e6e18066c552f5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ARK: Aggregation of Reads by K-Means for Estimation of Bacterial Community Composition. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource David Koslicki, Saikat Chatterjee, Damon Shahrivar, Alan W. Walker, Suzanna C. Francis, Louise J Fraser, Mikko Vehkaperä, Yueheng Lan, Jukka Corander Description An account of the resource Estimation of bacterial community composition from high-throughput sequenced 16S rRNA gene amplicons is a key task in microbial ecology. Since the sequence data from each sample typically consist of a large number of reads and are adversely impacted by different levels of biological and technical noise, accurate analysis of such large datasets is challenging.There has been a recent surge of interest in using compressed sensing inspired and convex-optimization based methods to solve the estimation problem for bacterial community composition. These methods typically rely on summarizing the sequence data by frequencies of low-order k-mers and matching this information statistically with a taxonomically structured database. Here we show that the accuracy of the resulting community composition estimates can be substantially improved by aggregating the reads from a sample with an unsupervised machine learning approach prior to the estimation phase. The aggregation of reads is a pre-processing approach where we use a standard K-means clustering algorithm that partitions a large set of reads into subsets with reasonable computational cost to provide several vectors of first order statistics instead of only single statistical summarization in terms of k-mer frequencies. The output of the clustering is then processed further to obtain the final estimate for each sample. The resulting method is called Aggregation of Reads by K-means (ARK), and it is based on a statistical argument via mixture density formulation. ARK is found to improve the fidelity and robustness of several recently introduced methods, with only a modest increase in computational complexity.An open source, platform-independent implementation of the method in the Julia programming language is freely available at https://github.com/dkoslicki/ARK. A Matlab implementation is available at http://www.ee.kth.se/ctsoftware. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2015 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140644 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived PLoS ONE Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Public Library of Science (PLoS) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Science, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/52b04179332a3e66341bbd11a51ae537.pdf d027e994dcdbfdd71ac5454b16520ca4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Are saving appearance responses typical communication patterns in Alzheimer's disease? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Masateru Matsushita, Yusuke Yatabe, Asuka Koyama, Akiko Katsuya, Daisuke Ijichi, Yusuke Miyagawa, Hiroto Ikezaki, Noboru FURUKAWA, Manabu Ikeda, Mamoru Hashimoto Description An account of the resource INTRODUCTION:To keep up appearances, people with dementia sometimes pretend to know the correct answer, as seen during administration of neuropsychological tests such as the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). These saving appearance responses (SARs) of people with dementia often lead to caregivers and/or medical staff underestimating the severity of dementia and impede proper early initiation of treatment. However, most descriptions of SARs are based on empirical knowledge of clinicians. In this study, we investigated whether SARs are typical communication patterns in people with Alzheimer's disease (AD), compared with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). METHODS:The participants were 107 outpatients with AD, 16 with mixed AD with cerebrovascular dementia, 55 with MCI, and 30 with DLB. We assessed the occurrence of SARs during the MMSE. The relationships between the SARs and AD were examined by the χ2 test and logistic regression analysis. RESULTS:People with AD who showed SARs were 57.9%, whereas those with MCI were 18.2% and DLB were 20.0% (P with Bonferroni correction < 0.05). Although there were significant differences in some variables in each group of diagnosis, logistic regression analysis showed that people with AD were more likely to show SARs than those with MCI (Odds ratio = 3.48, 95% Confidential Interval = 1.18-10.28) and DLB (Odds ratio = 4.24, 95% Confidential Interval = 1.50-12.01), even after controlling for sex, estimated disease duration, MMSE, and frontal assessment battery scores. CONCLUSION:The occurrence of SARs could be found most frequently in people with AD. Clinicians should develop a respectful attitude toward dementia patients with SARs because SARs imply conflicted feelings about questions that patients cannot answer correctly. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2018 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197468 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived PLoS ONE Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Public Library of Science (PLoS) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Science, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN