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                <text>César Cabezas, José Ramos-Castillo</text>
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                <text>La preocupación médica con los trópicos casi era una obsesión para los médicos militares de las colonias europeas durante las últimas décadas del siglo XIX, y aun actualmente las enfermedades llamadas tropicales continúan siendo un serio problema de salud pública en muchos países del mundo, en Latinoamérica y en particular en nuestro país -acentuados últimamente por el cambio climático-, por lo que el abordaje de estas enfermedades requiere un gran esfuerzo en términos de las estrategias que deben implementarse así como las alianzas entre todos los actores para alcanzar una mejor prevención y control de ellas.</text>
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                <text>La seguridad alimentaria  y su aplicación en países  de la Cuenca del Pacífico</text>
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                <text>Roberto Hernández Hernández</text>
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                <text>Espiral</text>
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                <text>Universidad de Guadalajara</text>
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                <text>Ecologia e espiritualidades na modernidade tardia</text>
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                <text>João Paulo de Paula Silveira, Flávio Munhoz Sofiati</text>
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                <text>O propósito do presente artigo é considerar a afinidade entre ecologia e espiritualidade na modernidade tardia. Procuramos compreender como os conteúdos ecológicos se tornam referências fundamentais da experiência religiosa no âmbito da espiritualidade que, grosso modo, é percebida como expressão da individuação do crer no interior da paisagem religiosa contemporânea. Ao lidar com a questão ecológica, as espiritualidades produzem uma nova ética religiosa que as situam além do estereótipo do individualismo utilitarista e da trivialidade comumente atribuídos a esse fenômeno. No esteio das observações de Lorne L. Dawson (2006) e James Beckford (2003), sugerimos que o significado da religião na contemporaneidade deve ser considerado a partir da relação dialética entre a esfera religiosa e outras esferas sociais da modernidade tardia. Assim, a “virada ecológica” iniciada na década de 1970 e radicalizada em nossos dias ajudou a plasmar um novo sentido para a religião através da “ecoespiritualidade”.</text>
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                <text>Modernidade tardia, ecología, espiritualidade</text>
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                <text>10.22456/1982-2650.58828</text>
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                <text>Ciencias Sociales y Religión</text>
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                <text>Universidade Estadual de Campinas</text>
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                <text>Social sciences (General), Religion (General)</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://econtents.bc.unicamp.br/inpec/index.php/csr/article/view/12602" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://econtents.bc.unicamp.br/inpec/index.php/csr/article/view/12602&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Aprendizaje transformador en la territorialización de la agroecología</text>
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                <text>Alejandra Guzmán Luna, Bruce G. Ferguson</text>
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                <text>Los encuentros Campesino a Campesino (CaC) figuran entre las herramientas de aprendizaje más eficaces para el escalamiento o territorialización de la agroecología. Es prioritario caracterizar elementos que sustenten el aprendizaje transformador y permitan el diálogo entre epistemologías campesinas y no-campesinas aliadas. A partir de nuestra experiencia como participantes en un encuentro celebrado entre cuatro comunidades del sur de México, y en diálogo con la literatura, proponemos siete elementos claves que ayudarán a diseñar y facilitar los encuentros: 1) sentipensar de las personas participantes; 2) no distinguir entre el enseñar y el aprender; 3) compartir sobre la experimentación campesina; 4) destacar el conocimiento ecológico campesino; 5) facilitar el diálogo de saberes; 6) resaltar procesos organizativos, y, finalmente 7) impulsar la ruptura de patrones patriarcales al asegurar la participación y liderazgo femeninos. Dichos elementos permiten que aun cuando cada persona y comunidad llegue a un encuentro campesino con experiencias, saberes y preocupaciones particulares, predomine una empatía mutua basada en una epistemología, ética y retos compartidos. El resultado es una reflexión autónoma, crítica y autocrítica que potencializa la territorialización horizontal y profunda de la agroecología.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>Sociedad y Ambiente</text>
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                <text>El Colegio de la Frontera Sur</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Environmental sciences</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://revistas.ecosur.mx/sociedadyambiente/index.php/sya/article/view/2283" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://revistas.ecosur.mx/sociedadyambiente/index.php/sya/article/view/2283&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Tritordeum: Creating a New Crop Species—The Successful Use of Plant Genetic Resources</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227946">
                <text>Cristina Rodríguez-Suárez, Sergio  G. Atienza, Carmen  M. Ávila</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227947">
                <text>Hexaploid tritordeum is the amphiploid derived from the cross between the wild barley Hordeum chilense and durum wheat. This paper reviews the main advances and achievements in the last two decades that led to the successful development of tritordeum as a new crop. In particular, we summarize the progress in breeding for agronomic performance, including the potential of tritordeum as a genetic bridge for wheat breeding; the impact of molecular markers in genetic studies and breeding; and the progress in quality and development of innovative food products. The success of tritordeum as a crop shows the importance of the effective utilization of plant genetic resources for the development of new innovative products for agriculture and industry. Considering that wild plant genetic resources have made possible the development of this new crop, the huge potential of more accessible resources, such as landraces conserved in gene banks, goes beyond being sources of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, the positive result of tritordeum also shows the importance of adequate commercialization strategies and demonstrative experiences aimed to integrate the whole food chain, from producers to end-point sellers, in order to develop new products for consumers.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227948">
                <text>2021</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227949">
                <text>&lt;i&gt;Hordeum chilense&lt;/i&gt;, Tritordeum, genetic resources, pre-breeding</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227950">
                <text>10.3390/plants10051029</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227951">
                <text>Plants</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227952">
                <text>MDPI AG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227953">
                <text>Botany</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227954">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/1029" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/1029&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88121">
                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="88122">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Comparison of acetone–butanol–ethanol fermentation and ethanol catalytic upgrading as pathways for butanol production: A techno-economic and environmental assessment</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227936">
                <text>Estefanny Carmona-Garcia, Paula Marín-Valencia, Juan Solarte-Toro, Konstantinos Moustakas, Carlos Cardona-Alzate</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Butanol is an important compound used as a building block for producing value-added products and an energy carrier. The main butanol production pathways are conventional acetone–butanol–ethanol (ABE) fermentation and catalytic upgrading of ethanol. On the other hand, the application of biomass as a promising substrate for biofuel production has been widely considered recently. However, few studies have compared different butanol production pathways using biomass as raw material. In light of that, the present work aims (i) to provide a short review of the catalytic ethanol upgrading and (ii) to compare conventional ABE fermentation and catalytic ethanol upgrading processes from the economic and environmental perspectives. Aspen Plus v9.0 was used to simulate both processes. The economic and environmental assessments were carried out considering the Colombian economic context, a gate-to-gate approach, and single impact categories. Considering a processing scale of 1000 ton/d, the conventional ABE fermentation process presented a more favorable technical, economic, and environmental performance for butanol production from biomass. It also offered lower net energy consumption (i.e., 57.9 GJ/ton of butanol) and higher butanol production (i.e., 2.59 ton/h). Nevertheless, the proposed processing scale was insufficient to reach economic feasibility for both processes. To overcome this challenge, the minimum processing scale had to be higher than 1584 ton/d and 1920 ton/d for conventional ABE fermentation and catalytic ethanol upgrading, respectively. Another critical factor in enhancing the economic feasibility of both butanol production pathways was the minimum selling price of butanol. More specifically, prices higher than 1.56 USD/kg and 1.80 USD/kg would be required for conventional ABE fermentation and catalytic ethanol upgrading, respectively. From the environmental impact point of view, the conventional ABE fermentation process led to a lower potential environmental impact than catalytic ethanol upgrading (0.12 PEI/kg vs. 0.18 PEI/kg, respectively).</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="227938">
                <text>2021</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227939">
                <text>ABE fermentation, butanol, catalytic ethanol upgrading, economic analysis, lignocellulosic biomass, sugar platform</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="227940">
                <text>10.18331/BRJ2021.8.2.4</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227941">
                <text>Biofuel Research Journal</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227942">
                <text>Green Wave Publishing of Canada</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227943">
                <text>Energy industries. Energy policy. Fuel trade, Fuel</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="227944">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://www.biofueljournal.com/article_131247_01a31bfa3622035728c08abe4ed8eced.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.biofueljournal.com/article_131247_01a31bfa3622035728c08abe4ed8eced.pdf&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88121">
                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
                </elementText>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88122">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227926">
                <text>Educación para la agroecología en la experiencia de una escuela técnica de San Carlos (Salta)</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227927">
                <text>Luciana García Guerreiro, Ana Lea Blaustein Kappelmacher</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227928">
                <text>El presente artículo aborda el vínculo entre la educación y los mundos socioproductivos, a partir del caso de la Escuela de Educación Agrotécnica Nº 3157 de la localidad de San Carlos (Salta), que adoptó un perfil agroecológico. El trabajo analiza la relación que establecen los/as egresados/as con la realidad socioproductiva de la región y el mundo laboral, y el papel que le atribuyen al paso por la institución en su inserción posterior. Recupera una indagación de carácter predominantemente cualitativo, con instancias colaborativas inspiradas en la Investigación Acción Participativa.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227929">
                <text>2021</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227930">
                <text>Territorio, agroecologia, educación, saberes locales, trabajo</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227931">
                <text>Población &amp; Sociedad</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227932">
                <text>Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227933">
                <text>Social Sciences, Social sciences (General)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227934">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://cerac.unlpam.edu.ar/index.php/pys/article/view/5332" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://cerac.unlpam.edu.ar/index.php/pys/article/view/5332&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/eb46e7718c1df35d15a2b9d94c08ae46.pdf</src>
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88121">
                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="88122">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227917">
                <text>Desarrollo sostenible y transferencia de tecnologías limpias</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227918">
                <text>Andrés Fuerte Posada</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227919">
                <text>El texto presenta una revisión de diferentes artículos que analizan la relación entre el desarrollo sostenible y la tecnología, especialmente el problema de la transferencia tecnológica en MDL (Mecanismo de Desarrollo Limpio) como instrumento para mitigar la contaminación asociada al crecimiento económico. Se presenta una evaluación del impacto de los MDL, así como posibles obstáculos que impedirían las transferencias de tecnología.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227920">
                <text>2011</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227921">
                <text>desarrollo sostenible, mecanismo de desarrollo limpio, tecnología, transferencias</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227922">
                <text>Ensayos de Economía</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227923">
                <text>Universidad Nacional de Colombia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="227924">
                <text>Economics as a science, Economic theory. Demography, Economic history and conditions</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="227925">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ede/article/view/28639" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/ede/article/view/28639&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Impacts of detritivore diversity loss on instream decomposition are greatest in the tropics</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Luz Boyero, Naiara López-Rojo, Alan M. Tonin, Javier Pérez, Francisco Correa-Araneda, Richard G. Pearson, Jaime Bosch, Ricardo J. Albariño, Sankarappan Anbalagan, Leon A. Barmuta, Ana Basaguren, Francis J. Burdon, Adriano Caliman, Marcos Callisto, Adolfo R. Calor, Ian C. Campbell, Bradley J. Cardinale, J. Jesús Casas, Ana M. Chará-Serna, Eric Chauvet, Szymon Ciapała, Checo Colón-Gaud, Aydeé Cornejo, Aaron M. Davis, Monika Degebrodt, Emerson S. Dias, María E. Díaz, Michael M. Douglas, Andrea C. Encalada, Ricardo Figueroa, Alexander S. Flecker, Tadeusz Fleituch, Erica A. García, Gabriela García, Pavel E. García, Mark O. Gessner, Jesús E. Gómez, Sergio Gómez, Jose F. Gonçalves, Manuel A. S. Graça, Daniel C. Gwinn, Robert O. Hall, Neusa Hamada, Cang Hui, Daichi Imazawa, Tomoya Iwata, Samuel K. Kariuki, Andrea Landeira-Dabarca, Kelsey Laymon, María Leal, Richard Marchant, Renato T. Martins, Frank O. Masese, Megan Maul, Brendan G. McKie, Adriana O. Medeiros, Charles M. M’ Erimba, Jen A. Middleton, Silvia Monroy, Timo Muotka, Junjiro N. Negishi, Alonso Ramírez, John S. Richardson, José Rincón, Juan Rubio-Ríos, Gisele M. dos Santos, Romain Sarremejane, Fran Sheldon, Augustine Sitati, Nathalie S. D. Tenkiano, Scott D. Tiegs, Janine R. Tolod, Michael Venarsky, Anne Watson, Catherine M. Yule</text>
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                <text>It is unclear whether stream detritivore diversity enhances decomposition across climates. Here the authors manipulate litter diversity and examine detritivore assemblages in a globally distributed stream litterbag experiment, finding a positive diversity-decomposition relationship stronger in tropical streams, where detritivore diversity is lower.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>10.1038/s41467-021-23930-2</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="227913">
                <text>Nature Communications</text>
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                <text>Nature Publishing Group</text>
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                <text>Science</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23930-2" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23930-2&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>Alejandro Chaparro Giraldo ( 1958 - 2020)</text>
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                <text>Biológica Colombiana</text>
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                <text>Nunca imaginé tener que escribir un obituario para un colega y amigo. Alejandro nació en Villavicencio hijo de Pablo Emilio Chaparro Sanchéz, un sargento segundo del ejercito, y de Nubia Giraldo, quien creció escondiendo revistas y libros en una caja debajo de la cama, forjando un hábito que impactaría en el pequeño: La lectura. Su padre, aficionado a la historia militar, había nombrado a la mayoría de sus hijos con el nombre de viejos guerreros que admiraba. Así nombró al pequeño Leonidas, a Bismarck, el menor, y a Harold, el único que lo sobrevivió. Y allí estaba Alejandro, el Grande, el fundador de Alejandría. Alejandro: Aleicos = protector, Antropos = de los hombres. Durante su infancia acompañó al abuelo y a su padre recogiendo papas con las manos desnudas en Pesca, Boyacá, portando la ruana y el sombrero. Ya en Bogotá estudió en el colegio Alamano, pasando su infancia entre el Galán y el Colón, donde estuvo en un grupo de música Andina. Se graduó de Ingeniero Agrónomo de la Universidad del Tolima, Magister en Ciencias Agrarias, línea fitomejoramiento en la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y Doctor en Genética y Mejoramiento Vegetal en la Universidad de Sao Paulo, y desde 1999 profesor del departamento de Biología de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UN). Para la fecha de su fallecimiento ostentaba la máxima categoría posible en la UN, la de profesor titular-Tenure; y la máxima en el sistema de calificación de investigadores en MinCiencias la de investigador Senior.   En su juventud por los años 80 se unió a la Juventud patriótica, siempre estuvo acompañando los consejos estudiantiles, e incluso liderando su representación, como en su doctorado, donde fungió como representante de estudiantes de posgrado extranjeros en el Campus de Piracicaba de la Universidad de Sao Paulo, posteriormente cuando ingresó a la Universidad Nacional de Colombia en diversas ocasiones fue representante de profesores del Departamento de Biología.   Estudioso de los derechos de propiedad intelectual. Ofertó con gran éxito los cursos de: Cultivos transgénicos: Frankenstein o Prometeo?, Política y Legislación en Recursos Naturales, Recursos Genéticos: elementos técnicos y jurídicos, Fundamentos genética y Genética.    Su carrera científica estuvo plagada de logros y primicias en su campo para Colombia y el mundo. Como la primera planta transgénica de maiz off patent. Sus temas de interés rondaban acerca de la libertad de uso de patentes, la propiedad intelectual, acceso a recursos genéticos, organismos genéticamente modificados y plantas transgénicas donde trabajó con variedades colombianas de maíz y papa principalmente. Creador y director del grupo de investigación de Ingeniería Genética de Plantas (IGP) donde formó por los menos 50 estudiantes entre pregrado, maestría y doctorado; fortaleciendo el conocimiento de la biotecnología vegetal en Colombia. Además también hacía parte de grupo de investigación Plebio, y era miembro del centro de pensamiento en propiedad intelectual de la mencionada Universidad.   Siempre se preocupó por la transferencia del conocimiento, y estaba convencido de la obligación de que como investigadores tenemos con la sociedad; es por lo que investigó los problemas que aquejaban a los agricultores, trabajó de la mano de gremios como la Federación Nacional de Cultivadores de Cereales, Leguminosas y Soya (FENALCE), Federación nacional de arroceros (FEDEARROZ), Centro internacional de la papa. Realmente es sorprendente la gran cantidad de trabajo que tenía adelantado en diversas áreas de su investigación, el número de estudiantes que dirigía y la gran interdisciplinariedad de sus investigaciones.   Aunque tenía el potencial para publicar ampliamente en revistas internacionales, prefirió las revistas nacionales. En Acta Biológica Colombiana publicó 19 manuscritos; siendo el artículo de revisión Cultivos transgénicos: entre los riesgos    biológicos y los beneficios ambientales y económicos, publicado en 2011 uno de los más citados, con 29 citas hasta el momento.   El lado menos académico del profesor, es recordado por su amplia y constante sonrisa, le gustaba “falar em portugués” cuando encontraba un colega que le llevara la cuerda, un bailador de salsa (incluso fue fundador de un frustrado bar de salsa), y apasionado del rock en español. Amante de las reuniones sociales, la cerveza, las discusiones de política y de los buenos libros. Padre de dos hijos que eran su orgullo (León Felipe y Jenny Katherine) y hacía poco menos de una década se había estrenado como abuelo (Niko Alejandro), que sacó de sus entrañas su lado mas tierno. Pasó los mejores años de su vida junto a su esposa “La pecosa”; Lucero López el amor de su vida.    Deja un gran vacío inmenso en la comunidad, pero un gran legado académico y de valores por seguir. Pero esté donde esté, debe tener la satisfacción de la labor cumplida. Descansa en paz, amigo.       Escrito por: Nubia Matta Camacho</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Alejandro, Chaparro, Giraldo</text>
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                <text>Acta Biológica Colombiana</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol/article/view/92547" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/actabiol/article/view/92547&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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