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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>1D-Var multilayer assimilation of X-band SAR data into a detailed snowpack model</text>
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                <text>X. V. Phan, L. Ferro-Famil, M. Gay, Y. Durand, M. Dumont, S. Morin, S. Allain, G. D'Urso, A. Girard</text>
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                <text>The structure and physical properties of a snowpack and their temporal evolution may be simulated using meteorological data and a snow metamorphism model. Such an approach may meet limitations related to potential divergences and accumulated errors, to a limited spatial resolution, to wind or topography-induced local modulations of the physical properties of a snow cover, etc. Exogenous data are then required in order to constrain the simulator and improve its performance over time. Synthetic-aperture radars (SARs) and, in particular, recent sensors provide reflectivity maps of snow-covered environments with high temporal and spatial resolutions. The radiometric properties of a snowpack measured at sufficiently high carrier frequencies are known to be tightly related to some of its main physical parameters, like its depth, snow grain size and density. SAR acquisitions may then be used, together with an electromagnetic backscattering model (EBM) able to simulate the reflectivity of a snowpack from a set of physical descriptors, in order to constrain a physical snowpack model. In this study, we introduce a variational data assimilation scheme coupling TerraSAR-X radiometric data into the snowpack evolution model Crocus. The physical properties of a snowpack, such as snow density and optical diameter of each layer, are simulated by Crocus, fed by the local reanalysis of meteorological data (SAFRAN) at a French Alpine location. These snowpack properties are used as inputs of an EBM based on dense media radiative transfer (DMRT) theory, which simulates the total backscattering coefficient of a dry snow medium at X and higher frequency bands. After evaluating the sensitivity of the EBM to snowpack parameters, a 1D-Var data assimilation scheme is implemented in order to minimize the discrepancies between EBM simulations and observations obtained from TerraSAR-X acquisitions by modifying the physical parameters of the Crocus-simulated snowpack. The algorithm then re-initializes Crocus with the modified snowpack physical parameters, allowing it to continue the simulation of snowpack evolution, with adjustments based on remote sensing information. This method is evaluated using multi-temporal TerraSAR-X images acquired over the specific site of the Argentière glacier (Mont-Blanc massif, French Alps) to constrain the evolution of Crocus. Results indicate that X-band SAR data can be taken into account to modify the evolution of snowpack simulated by Crocus.</text>
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                <text>2014</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>DOI: 10.5194/tc-8-1975-2014</text>
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                <text>The Cryosphere</text>
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                <text>Copernicus Publications</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Environmental sciences, Geology</text>
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                <text>EN</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Costly Lessons From the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Outbreak in Korea</text>
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                <text>Sang-Il Lee</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Since the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) outbreak in the Republic of Korea (hereafter Korea) began on May 11, 2015, a total of 186 persons have been infected by the MERS coronavirus, 38 of whom have died. With this number, Korea becomes second only to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in the ranking of cumulative MERS cases. In this paper Korea’s unique experience of an outbreak of MERS will be summarized and discussed briefly.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2015</text>
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                <text>Middle East respiratory syndrome, Republic of Korea, Outbreak</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.15.064</text>
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                <text>Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society for Preventive Medicine</text>
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                <text>Public aspects of medicine, Medicine</text>
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                <text>EN</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
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                <text>Epidemiological investigation of the 119th confirmed Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus case with an indefinite mode of transmission during the Pyeongtaek outbreak in Korea</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="196">
                <text>Jong Hyuk Choi, Byoungin Yoo, Soon Young Lee, Eun Gyu Lee, Moran Ki, Woncheol Lee, Jong Rak Jung, Kyujin Chang</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Since the first case was diagnosed on May 20, 2015, there were 186 confirmed cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) until the end of outbreak in South Korea. Although medical institutions were the most identifiable sources of MERS transmission in South Korea, similar to other countries, in-depth epidemiological investigation was required for some confirmed cases with indefinite contact history or hospital visit records. The subject of epidemiological investigation in the present study was a 35 year-old male patient diagnosed with MERS (#119) who lived in Asan-city and worked in Pyeongtaek-city. Various potential sources of transmission were carefully investigated. While he could have been exposed to MERS through a friend from Saudi Arabia or confirmed MERS cases in his workplace, neighboring areas, and medical institutions, as well as contacts in his home, the chances of transmission were low; however, the potential for transmission through his local community could not be excluded. Practically, it was difficult to determine the modes of transmission for all outbreak cases in communicable disease that occurred in this short period of time. The investigation to identify the mode of transmission in this case was ultimately unsuccessful. However, the various data collected and analyzed to reveal modes of transmission provided detailed information that could not be collected using only interview surveys.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2015</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, community-acquired infections, Communicable disease transmission, Disease Outbreaks, Republic of Korea</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="200">
                <text>DOI: 10.4178/epih/e2015054</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                <text>EN</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Healthcare worker infected with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in Korea, 2015</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="186">
                <text>Hae-Sung Nam, Miyeon Yeon, Jung Wan Park, Jee-Young Hong, Ji Woong Son</text>
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                <text>OBJECTIVES During the outbreak of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in Korea in 2015, the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) confirmed a case of MERS in a healthcare worker in Daejeon, South Korea. To verify the precise route of infection for the case, we conducted an in-depth epidemiological investigation in cooperation with the KCDC. METHODS We reviewed the MERS outbreak investigation report of the KCDC, and interviewed the healthcare worker who had recovered from MERS. Using the media interview data, we reaffirmed and supplemented the nature of the exposure. RESULTS The healthcare worker, a nurse, was infected while performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for a MERS patient in an isolation room. During the CPR which lasted for an hour, a large amount of body fluid was splashed. The nurse was presumed to have touched the mask to adjust its position during the CPR. She suggested that she was contaminated with the MERS patient’s body fluids by wiping away the sweat from her face during the CPR. CONCLUSIONS The possible routes of infection may include the following: respiratory invasion of aerosols contaminated with MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV) through a gap between the face and mask; mucosal exposure to sweat contaminated with MERS-CoV; and contamination during doffing of personal protective equipment. The MERS guidelines should reflect this case to decrease the risk of infection during CPR.</text>
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                <text>2017</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Middle East respiratory syndrome, Epidemiology, infectious disease transmission, Patient-to-professional, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Korea</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190">
                <text>DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2017052</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="191">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                <text>EN</text>
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                <text>Moran Ki</text>
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                <text>The distinct characteristic of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak in South Korea is that it not only involves intra-hospital transmission, but it also involves hospital-to-hospital transmission. It has been the largest MERS outbreak outside the Middle East, with 186 confirmed cases and, among them, 36 fatal cases as of July 26, 2015. All confirmed cases are suspected to be hospital-acquired infections except one case of household transmission and two cases still undergoing examination. The Korean health care system has been the major factor shaping the unique characteristics of the outbreak. Taking this as an opportunity, the Korean government should carefully assess the fundamental problems of the vulnerability to hospital infection and make short- as well as long-term plans for countermeasures. In addition, it is hoped that this journal, Epidemiology and Health, becomes a place where various topics regarding MERS can be discussed and shared.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.4178/epih/e2015033</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>A lesson learned from the MERS epidemic in Korea: an essay on MERS</text>
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                <text>Kwang-Ho Meng</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.4178/epih/e2015034</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                <text>EN</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="157">
                <text>Changes of Global Infectious Disease Governance in 2000s: Rise of Global Health Security and Transformation of Infectious Disease Control System in South Korea</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="158">
                <text>Eun Kyung CHOI, Jong-Koo Lee</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="159">
                <text>This paper focus upon the changes of global infectious disease governance in 2000s and the transformation of infectious disease control system in South Korea. Traditionally, infectious disease was globally governed by the quarantine regulated by the international conventions. When an infectious disease outbreak occurred in one country, each country prevented transmission of the disease through the standardized quarantine since the installation of international sanitary convention in 1892. Republic of Korea also organized the infectious disease control system with quarantine and disease report procedure after the establishment of government. Additionally, Korea National Health Institute(KNIH) was founded as research and training institute for infectious disease. However, traditional international health regulation system faced a serious challenge by the appearance of emerging and re-emerging infectious disease in 1990s. As a result, global infectious disease governance was rapidly changed under the demand to global disease surveillance and response. Moreover, global health security frame became important after 2001 bioterror and 2003 SARS outbreak. Consequently, international health regulation was fully revised in 2005, which included not only infectious disease but also public health emergency. The new international health regime was differently characterized in several aspects; reinforcement of global cooperation and surveillance, enlargement of the role of supranational and international agencies, and reorganization of national capacity. KNIH was reorganized with epidemic control and research since late 1990s. However, in 2004 Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention(KCDC) was established as a disease control institution with combining quarantine and other functions after 2003 SARS outbreak. KCDC unified national function against infectious disease including prevention, protection, response and research, as a national representative in disease control. The establishment of KCDC can be understood as the adoption of new international health regulation system based upon SARS experience.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="160">
                <text>2016</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Global Infectious Disease Governance, Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Disease, International Health Regulation, Global Health Security, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="162">
                <text>DOI: 10.13081/kjmh.2016.25.489</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="163">
                <text>Uisahak</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="164">
                <text>Korean Society for the History of Medicine</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="165">
                <text>History of medicine. Medical expeditions</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>EN, KO</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="147">
                <text>Knowledge, Perceptions, and Self-reported Performance of Hand Hygiene Among Registered Nurses at Community-based Hospitals in the Republic of Korea: A Cross-sectional Multi-center Study</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="148">
                <text>Hyang Soon Oh</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Objectives To assess the nurses’ hand hygiene (HH) knowledge, perception, attitude, and self-reported performance in small- and medium-sized hospitals after Middle East Respiratory Syndrome outbreak. Methods The structured questionnaire was adapted from the World Health Organization’s survey. Data were collected between June 26 and July 14, 2017. Results Nurses showed scores on knowledge (17.6±2.5), perception (69.3±0.8), self-reported HH performance of non-self (86.0±11.0), self-reported performance of self (88.2±11.0), and attitude (50.5±5.5). HH performance rate of non-self was Y1=36.678+ 0.555X1 (HH performance rate of self) (adjusted R2=0.280, p</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2018</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="151">
                <text>Hand Hygiene, health-care-associated infection, Knowledge, nurse, perception, performance</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="152">
                <text>DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.17.188</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="153">
                <text>Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="154">
                <text>Korean Society for Preventive Medicine</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="155">
                <text>Public aspects of medicine, Medicine</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>EN</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="138">
                <text>Descriptions of two new species in the genus Macrostylis Sars, 1864 (Isopoda, Asellota, Macrostylidae) from the Weddell Sea (Southern Ocean), with a synonymisation of the genus Desmostylis Brandt, 1992 with Macrostylis</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="139">
                <text>Torben Riehl, Angelika Brandt</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="140">
                <text>Descriptions of Macrostylis antennamagna sp. n. and Macrostylis uniformis sp. n. are presented with notes on intraspecific variability and sexual dimorphism. Macrostylis uniformis sp. n. showes differences to Macrostylis antennamagna sp. n. in the length of the antenna 2, the shape of the pleotelson and length of uropods. The genus Desmostylis Brandt, 1992 (formerly including the two species Desmostylis obscurus Brandt, 1992 and Desmostylis gerdesi Brandt, 2002) is synonymised with the genus Macrostylis. Based on type material additional remarks and additions to the original descriptions are provided for both species. Results lead to following nomenclatorial changes: Macrostylis obscurus (Brandt, 1992), comb. n. and Macrostylis gerdesi (Brandt, 2002), comb. n. A setal nomenclature is proposed and the diagnosis for the family is revised.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2010</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="142">
                <text>DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.57.310</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="143">
                <text>ZooKeys</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="144">
                <text>Pensoft Publishers</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Zoology</text>
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                <text>EN</text>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/92e871cac35086e52d67ce3c50b6624d.pdf</src>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Biogeography of jellyfish in the North Atlantic, by traditional and genomic methods</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>P. Licandro, M. Blackett, A. Fischer, A. Hosia, J. Kennedy, R. R. Kirby, K. Raab, R. Stern, P. Tranter</text>
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                <text>Scientific debate on whether or not the recent increase in reports of jellyfish outbreaks represents a true rise in their abundance has outlined a lack of reliable records of Cnidaria and Ctenophora. Here we describe different jellyfish data sets produced within the EU programme EURO-BASIN. These data were assembled with the aim of creating an improved baseline and providing new data that can be used to evaluate the current diversity and standing stocks of jellyfish in the North Atlantic region.  Using a net adapted to sample gelatinous zooplankton quantitatively, cnidarians and ctenophores were collected from the epipelagic layer during spring–summer 2010–2013, in inshore and offshore waters between lat 59 and 68° N and long 62° W and 5° E. Jellyfish were also identified and counted in samples opportunistically collected by other sampling equipment in the same region and at two coastal stations in the Bay of Biscay and in the Gulf of Cádiz. Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) samples collected in 2009–2012 were re-analysed with the aim of identifying the time and location of cnidarian blooms across the North Atlantic Basin.  Overall the data show high variability in jellyfish abundance and diversity, mainly in relation to different water masses and bathymetry. Higher densities were generally recorded on the shelves, where the communities tend to be more diverse due to the presence of meropelagic medusae. Comparison of net records from the G.O. Sars transatlantic cruise shows that information on jellyfish diversity differs significantly depending on the sampling gear utilised. Indeed, the big trawls mostly collect relatively large scyphozoan and hydrozoan species, while small hydrozoans and early stages of Ctenophora are only caught by smaller nets.  Based on CPR data from 2009 to 2012, blooms of cnidarians occurred in all seasons across the whole North Atlantic Basin. Molecular analysis revealed that, contrary to previous hypotheses, the CPR is able to detect blooms of meroplanktonic and holoplanktonic hydrozoans and scyphozoans.  Through combination of different types of data, key jellyfish taxa for the spring–summer period were identified in the northern North Atlantic regions. Key species for the central and southern North Atlantic could be inferred based on the blooms identified by the CPR survey, although this should be confirmed further by comparison with quantitative data.  The identification by DNA barcoding of 23 jellyfish specimens collected during the EURO-BASIN cruises contributes to increasing the still very limited number of jellyfish sequences available on GenBank.  All observations presented here can be downloaded from PANGAEA (http://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.835732).</text>
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                <text>2015</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="133">
                <text>DOI: 10.5194/essd-7-173-2015</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="134">
                <text>Earth System Science Data</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Copernicus Publications</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="136">
                <text>Environmental sciences, Geology</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>EN</text>
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