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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Forecasting the novel coronavirus COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>Fotios Petropoulos, Spyros Makridakis</text>
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                <text>What will be the global impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19)? Answering this question requires accurate forecasting the spread of confirmed cases as well as analysis of the number of deaths and recoveries. Forecasting, however, requires ample historical data. At the same time, no prediction is certain as the future rarely repeats itself in the same way as the past. Moreover, forecasts are influenced by the reliability of the data, vested interests, and what variables are being predicted. Also, psychological factors play a significant role in how people perceive and react to the danger from the disease and the fear that it may affect them personally. This paper introduces an objective approach to predicting the continuation of the COVID-19 using a simple, but powerful method to do so. Assuming that the data used is reliable and that the future will continue to follow the past pattern of the disease, our forecasts suggest a continuing increase in the confirmed COVID-19 cases with sizable associated uncertainty. The risks are far from symmetric as underestimating its spread like a pandemic and not doing enough to contain it is much more severe than overspending and being over careful when it will not be needed. This paper describes the timeline of a live forecasting exercise with massive potential implications for planning and decision making and provides objective forecasts for the confirmed cases of COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231236</text>
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                <text>PLoS ONE</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>COPING WITH COVID-19: URGENT NEED FOR BUILDING RESILIENCE THROUGH COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY</text>
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                <text>Farooq Naeem, Muhammad Irfan, Afzal Javed</text>
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                <text>At the start of 2020, originating from Wuhan city, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started to spread throughout China.1 The World Health Organization has declared this to be a pandemic.2 Both healthcare workers and the general public have been experiencing psychological problems, including anxiety, depression, and stress, as a result of the rapidly increasing numbers of confirmed cases and deaths.3 Isolation strategies are used throughout the world to limit the spread of the virus. While these strategies are essential in protecting lives, isolation might add to the stress and is highly likely to lead to emotional health problems.4 It is difficult to predict the long-term physical and mental health consequences of COVID-19. However, an economic crisis is highly likely to follow that might worsen the mental and emotional health problems across the nations.5. There is a need to develop and test evidence-based interventions that can help build resilient communities to help people cope with the current situation, deal with physical health issues as well as the personal trauma, and most importantly to prevent future emotional and mental health problems. Such intervention should also be low cost, easy to deliver in a variety of formats at a public health scale. We believe Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is the ideal interventional tool to build resilience.    The philosophical origins of cognitive therapy can be traced back to stoic philosophers. Epictetus famously wrote in “The Enchiridion,”“Men are disturbed not by things but by the view which they take of them.” CBT originated with the formulation of a cognitive model of depressive illness, which evolved from systematic clinical observations and experimental testing.6 CBT is an active, directive, structured, and time-limited approach to treat a variety of problems. It is based on the principle that a person’s emotions and behaviours are primarily determined by the way in which he perceives the world. The cognitions (thoughts) are based on assumptions or attitudes, developed from previous experiences. Therapeutic techniques are used to identify, reality test, and correct distorted thinking patterns and the dysfunctional beliefs underlying these thinking patterns. The therapist helps the patient to think and act more realistically and adaptively about his psychological problems and thus reduce symptoms. The cognitive model postulates three specific concepts to explain the psychological basis of depressive illness; (a) the cognitive triad i.e., what a person thinks about the self, others and the future, (b) dysfunctional beliefs i.e., beliefs that are formed during early development and are triggered when a person faces a challenging situation and the (c) cognitive errors. The common cognitive errors include; black and white thinking, jumping to conclusions, overgeneralization, minimization and magnification, personalization, selective abstraction and catastrophization.6  We all make “cognitive errors”; however, most of us can deal with these. A person with high levels of vulnerability to emotional or mental health problems or facing high levels of stress might fail to address their cognitive errors. It has been suggested that when faced with a challenging situation, a person might catastrophize such as, “This is horrible, I am not going to survive Corona,   or “What is the point. We all are going to die”. They might then feel low, experience hopelessness, and stop attempting to keep themselves safe during the pandemic. In CBT, the therapist helps a person in identify their automatic, negative thoughts and unhelpful behaviours, and eventually modify the thoughts and behaviours. They specifically teach them empowering skills to help them manage the situation, help develop healthy coping skills and deal with their concerns such as isolation. However, CBT is not promoting positive emotions. So, rather than saying “don’t worry, everything is going to be fine” the therapist will help the person to examine the current evidence, so that they develop a rational understanding of the situation, such as “yes, it is an uncertain situation, but prevention has saved many lives and the rates of recovery among those infected is very high”. Additionally, the therapist might use normalization, behavioral activation with a particular focus on physical activities, lifestyle changes and stress, and sleep management to help the person.    CBT is recommended by the national guidelines to treat mental and emotional health problems in most developed nations.7,8 The effects of CBT have been studied for various disorders and health problems.9,10 There is also evidence to suggest that CBT delivered through the internet can directly help health problems.11 Third wave CBT approaches such as mindfulness and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) have also been used to help those with chronic physical conditions.12 CBT has also been adapted for use across cultures and sub-cultures.13,14  Most importantly, evidence from research suggests that CBT can be used to increase resilience.15 Resilience, which is described as the ability to recover readily from adversity and individuals using positive emotions in adverse circumstances have been found to be resilient.16 It is evident from the literature that highly resilient individuals nurture their positive emotionsproactively.16 This certainly has implications for managing stress, boredom, and change. As resilience has been associated with better coping with mental and physical health problems and healthy aging.17 There is evidence to suggest that resilience can act as a protective factor against the development of psychopathology among those facing challenges.18     Resilience impacts both the illness process and outcome in health. According to a systematic review, resilience plays an important role in the treatment of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Chagas disease.19 A negative relationship between resilience and common mental disorders (depression, anxiety, and somatization) has also been suggested in the same systematic review. Another important finding of the review was the inverse correlation between resilience scores and the progression of various illnesses and an association of resilience with health promotional behaviour and quality of life.19  While several Multimedia based or face-to-face programmes have assessed the usefulness of CBT for resilience in a variety of populations,20 it has not been used to build resilience in persons facing challenging situations to help ease their distress and to prevent the development of psychopathology. CBT is an ideal intervention for victims of humanitarian crises such as earthquakes, floods, wars related trauma, and pandemics as it is evidence-based, structured, low cost, and can be delivered in a variety of formats, including online platforms. There is an urgent need to develop and test CBT based programs that focus on building resilience that can be used on a public health level to help persons facing challenges at national or global levels. We, therefore, believe that developing and testing CBT based interventions to build resilience among those facing challenging situations is a need of time.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>COVID-19, COVID-19 pandemic, 2019 novel coronavirus infection, coronavirus disease-19, Cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.35845/kmuj.2020.20194</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Khyber Medical University Journal</text>
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                <text>Khyber Medical University</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                <text>EN</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Surgery in COVID-19 patients: operational directives</text>
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                <text>Federico Coccolini, Gennaro Perrone, Massimo Chiarugi, Francesco Di Marzo, Luca Ansaloni, Ildo Scandroglio, Pierluigi Marini, Mauro Zago, Paolo De Paolis, Francesco Forfori, Ferdinando Agresta, Alessandro Puzziello, Domenico D’Ugo, Elena Bignami, Valentina Bellini, Pietro Vitali, Flavia Petrini, Barbara Pifferi, Francesco Corradi, Antonio Tarasconi, Vittoria Pattonieri, Elena Bonati, Luigi Tritapepe, Vanni Agnoletti, Davide Corbella, Massimo Sartelli, Fausto Catena</text>
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                <text>Abstract The current COVID-19 pandemic underlines the importance of a mindful utilization of financial and human resources. Preserving resources and manpower is paramount in healthcare. It is important to ensure the ability of surgeons and specialized professionals to function through the pandemic. A conscious effort should be made to minimize infection in this sector. A high mortality rate within this group would be detrimental. This manuscript is the result of a collaboration between the major Italian surgical and anesthesiologic societies: ACOI, SIC, SICUT, SICO, SICG, SIFIPAC, SICE, and SIAARTI. We aim to describe recommended clinical pathways for COVID-19-positive patients requiring acute non-deferrable surgical care. All hospitals should organize dedicated protocols and workforce training as part of the effort to face the current pandemic.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, COVID-19, epidemic, Pandemic, mass casualties, Management</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s13017-020-00307-2</text>
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                <text>World Journal of Emergency Surgery</text>
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                <text>BMC</text>
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                <text>Surgery, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid</text>
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                <text>EN</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Japan ECMOnet for COVID-19: telephone consultations for cases with severe respiratory failure caused by COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Abstract Recently, the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started spreading in Japan. Therefore, the number of patients with severe COVID-19 requiring extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (ECMO) is expected to increase. A working group has been formed to provide telephone consultation services for cases with severe respiratory failure caused by COVID-19 in Japan. During the first 13 days of the service, there were 12 consultations. For each consultation, we advised the patient on the initiation of ECMO and arranged transportation for patients with ECMO. Based on experience from the H1N1 influenza pandemic, transporting patients to experienced facilities is essential to obtain better outcomes.</text>
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                <text>Xu Qian, Ran Ren, Youfa Wang, Yan Guo, Jing Fang, Zhongdao Wu, Peilong Liu, Tieru Han, Members of Steering Committee, Society of Global Health, Chinese Preventive Medicine Association</text>
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                <text>Abstract The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused more than 80 813 confirmed cases in all provinces of China, and 21 110 cases reported in 93 countries of six continents as of 7 March 2020 since middle December 2019. Due to biological nature of the novel coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with faster spreading and unknown transmission pattern, it makes us in a difficulty position to contain the disease transmission globally. To date, we have found it is one of the greatest challenges to human beings in fighting against COVID-19 in the history, because SARS-CoV-2 is different from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV in terms of biological features and transmissibility, and also found the containment strategies including the non-pharmaceutical public health measures implemented in China are effective and successful. In order to prevent a potential pandemic-level outbreak of COVID-19, we, as a community of shared future for mankind, recommend for all international leaders to support preparedness in low and middle income countries especially, take strong global interventions by using old approaches or new tools, mobilize global resources to equip hospital facilities and supplies to protect noisome infections and to provide personal protective tools such as facemask to general population, and quickly initiate research projects on drug and vaccine development. We also recommend for the international community to develop better coordination, cooperation, and strong solidarity in the joint efforts of fighting against COVID-19 spreading recommended by the joint mission report of the WHO-China experts, against violating the International Health Regulation (WHO, 2005), and against stigmatization, in order to eventually win the battle against our common enemy — COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s40249-020-00650-1</text>
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                <text>Infectious Diseases of Poverty</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>BMC</text>
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                <text>Public aspects of medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Manuel E Cortés</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>COVID-19, Enseñanza, zoonosis</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.35839/repis.4.2.697</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14876">
                <text>Revista Peruana de Investigación en Salud</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14877">
                <text>Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14878">
                <text>Public aspects of medicine, Medicine (General)</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>ES</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Xiaoyu Tang, Tian Lan, Ruiting Wu, Zhihai Zhou, YuQi Chen, Yuan Sun, Yao-Yao Zheng, Jingyun Ma</text>
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                <text>Abstract Background PDCoV (Porcine Deltacoronavirus) is a novel porcine coronavirus that causes intestinal necrosis of piglets, thinning of the intestinal wall and severe villus atrophy in the small intestine. PDCoV is a highly contagious infectious disease characterized by diarrhea, dehydration and vomiting. It has been reported that lncRNA has a significant effect on viral replication and increased or decreased virulence. At present, there is almost no research on lncRNA related to PDCoV infection. With the development of the research, a large number of lncRNAs related to PDCoV infection have been discovered. Identifying the role of these lncRNAs in the infection process facilitates the screening of diagnostically significant biomarkers. Results Using high throughput sequencing to screen differentially expressed long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) during PDCoV infection, we identified 99, 41 and 33 differentially expressed lncRNAs in the early, middle and late stages of infection, respectively. These lncRNAs were involved in glycolysis / gluconeogenesis, histidine metabolism and pentose and Chloroalkane and chloroalkene degradation pathway. We obtained expression data of miRNAs, lncRNAs and mRNAs during PDCoV infection and constructed and investigated an interaction network. The qRT-PCR validation results of 6 differentially expressed lncRNAs were consistent with RNA-Seq results. Conclusions This study is the first to examine differentially expressed lncRNAs after PDCoV infection of piglets. These results can provide new insights into PDCoV infection and antiviral strategies.</text>
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                <text>2019</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), Porcine deltacoronavirus infection, Functional enrichment, high-throughput sequencing, interaction network</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1862-4</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14886">
                <text>BMC Veterinary Research</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14887">
                <text>BMC</text>
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                <text>Veterinary medicine</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>Shou-Tao Yuan, Wenhao Zhang, Lei Zou, Jia-Kui Sun, Ying Liu, Qiankun Shi</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-02863-0</text>
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                <text>Critical Care</text>
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                <text>BMC</text>
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                <text>Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid</text>
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                <text>EN</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Brücher Björn L.D.M., Nigri Giuseppe, Tinelli Andrea, Lapeña Jose Florencio F., Espin-Basany Eloy, Macri Paolo, Matevossian Edouard, Ralon Sergio, Perkins Ray, Lück Rainer, Kube Rainer, da Costa Jose MC, Mintz Yoav, Tez Mesut, Allert Sixtus, Sökmen Selman, Spychala Arkadiusz, ZILBERSTEIN Bruno, Marusch Frank, Kermansaravi Mohammad, Kycler Witold, Vicente Diego, Scherer Michael A., Rivkind Avraham, Elias Nelson, Wallner Grzegorz, Roviello Franco, Lara Santos Lúcio, Araujo Raimund J.C., Szold Amir, Oleas Raúl, Slak Rupnik Marjan, Salber Jochen, Jamall Ijaz S., Engel Alexander</text>
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                <text>Based on high quality surgery and scientific data, scientists and surgeons are committed to protecting patients as well as healthcare staff and hereby provide this Guidance to address the special issues circumstances related to the exponential spread of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during this pandemic. As a basis, the authors used the British Intercollegiate General Surgery Guidance as well as recommendations from the USA, Asia, and Italy. The aim is to take responsibility and to provide guidance for surgery during the COVID-19 crisis in a simplified way addressing the practice of surgery, healthcare staff and patient safety and care. It is the responsibility of scientists and the surgical team to specify what is needed for the protection of patients and the affiliated healthcare team. During crises, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the responsibility and duty to provide the necessary resources such as filters, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) consisting of gloves, fluid resistant (Type IIR) surgical face masks (FRSM), filtering face pieces, class 3 (FFP3 masks), face shields and gowns (plastic ponchos), is typically left up to the hospital administration and government. Various scientists and clinicians from disparate specialties provided a Pandemic Surgery Guidance for surgical procedures by distinct surgical disciplines such as numerous cancer surgery disciplines, cardiothoracic surgery, ENT, eye, dermatology, emergency, endocrine surgery, general surgery, gynecology, neurosurgery, orthopedics, pediatric surgery, reconstructive and plastic surgery, surgical critical care, transplantation surgery, trauma surgery and urology, performing different surgeries, as well as laparoscopy, thoracoscopy and endoscopy. Any suggestions and corrections from colleagues will be very welcome as we are all involved and locked in a rapidly evolving process on increasing COVID-19 knowledge.</text>
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                <text>anesthesia, cancer, Cardiothoracic surgery, China, coronavirus, COVID-19, Dermatology, Elective surgery, emergency, Endocrine surgery, Endoscopy, ent, epidemic, Epidemiology, Europe, face masks, general surgery, Germany, Guidance, Gynecology, inflammation, Italy, Laparoscopy, Laparotomy, Morbidity, Mortality, n95 masks, neurosurgery, orthopedics, Pandemic, patient safety, Pediatric Surgery, Pneumonia, protection, reconstructive and plastic surgery, Surgical critical care, respiratory masks, SARS-CoV-2, Sepsis, Surgery, thoracoscopy, transplantation surgery, trauma surgery, Urology, virus</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1051/fopen/2020002</text>
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                <text>4 open</text>
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                <text>EDP Sciences</text>
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                <text>Science, Medicine</text>
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