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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Model for Taking Care of Patients with Early Childhood Caries during the SARS-Cov-2 Pandemic</text>
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                <text>Stefano  Pagano, Michele Nardone, Stefano Cianetti, Guido Lombardo</text>
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                <text>Pending the availability of vaccines to contain the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the current solution is “social distancing” with a reduction of dental treatments to those assessed as urgent and emergency cases. These treatments also involve Early Childhood Caries (ECC) due to the fact that this disease affects preschool children (a vulnerable population) and, in addition, shows a propensity to evolve into more serious complications (dental pain, infections). A narrative review was carried out to support a protocol for treating ECC with efficacious and safe (in terms of SARS-CoV-2 transmission) procedures. Protocol involves criteria for patients’ selection remotely (telemedicine), and well-detailed criteria/equipment and hygiene procedures to combat against SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Moreover, the protocol proposes innovative caries treatments, named Minimally Invasive Treatments (MITs), well known in pedodontics for their high level of children’s acceptance during dental care. MITs allow for caries removal (particularly in primary teeth) without any high-speed rotating instrument cooled with nebulized air-water spray (with high risk of virus environmental diffusion), usually adopted during traditional treatments. For evaluating MITs effectiveness in caries management, only Systematic Review and Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) were included in our study, without any risk of bias assessment. The indications proposed in this protocol could support clinicians for the temporary management of ECC until the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic ends.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>infection control, Early childhood caries, minimally invasive, SARS-CoV-2</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113751</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Pharmacists reinventing their roles to effectively respond to COVID-19: a global report from the international pharmacists for anticoagulation care taskforce (iPACT)</text>
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                <text>Silvana Nair Leite, Vivian Lee, Filipa Alves da Costa, Tom Menge, Maria Dolores Murillo, Sotiris Antoniou</text>
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                <text>Abstract SARS-CoV2 is dramatically impacting the global population. Worldwide, pharmacists are changing their roles and being increasingly recognized for their role as essential service providers. This commentary provides some examples collected from Asia, Europe, the Americas and Africa, ranging from essential services to meet human rights basic needs, extended generalist services developed to ensure continuity of care and supply of essential medicines to the development of differentiated extended responsibilities in emergency care. All examples were collected using a network of pharmacists from 27 countries, representing various areas of pharmacy practice, education and research and outreaching to include patient advocates. Selected services illustrate good practice, capability to adapt and contribution to universal health coverage. Above all, it demonstrates the commitment and innovation of the pharmaceutical workforce in the fight against COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s40545-020-00216-4</text>
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                <text>Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice</text>
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                <text>BMC</text>
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                <text>Therapeutics. Pharmacology, Pharmacy and materia medica</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Insights on early mutational events in SARS-CoV-2 virus reveal founder effects across geographical regions</text>
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                <text>José Luis Garrido, MARÍA INÉS BARRÍA, Carlos Farkas, Jody Haigh, Francisco Fuentes-Villalobos</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Here we aim to describe early mutational events across samples from publicly available SARS-CoV-2 sequences from the sequence read archive and GenBank repositories. Up until 27 March 2020, we downloaded 50 illumina datasets, mostly from China, USA (WA State) and Australia (VIC). A total of 30 datasets (60%) contain at least a single founder mutation and most of the variants are missense (over 63%). Five-point mutations with clonal (founder) effect were found in USA next-generation sequencing samples. Sequencing samples from North America in GenBank (22 April 2020) present this signature with up to 39% allele frequencies among samples (n = 1,359). Australian variant signatures were more diverse than USA samples, but still, clonal events were found in these samples. Mutations in the helicase, encoded by the ORF1ab gene in SARS-CoV-2 were predominant, among others, suggesting that these regions are actively evolving. Finally, we firmly urge that primer sets for diagnosis be carefully designed, since rapidly occurring variants would affect the performance of the reverse transcribed quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) based viral testing.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>RT-qPCR, mutations, coronavirus, founder effect, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9255</text>
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                <text>PeerJ</text>
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                <text>PeerJ Inc.</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Tromboembolismo Pulmonar en los pacientes con COVID-19. Angiografía con tomografía computarizada: resultados preliminares</text>
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                <text>Ángeles Franco-López, Jorge Escribano Poveda, Nuria Vicente Gilabert</text>
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                <text>Objetivo. Los pacientes con afectación pulmonar grave por COVID-19 presentan hipoxia y aumento progresivo del Dimero D por lo que los síntomas se solapan con el tromboembolismo pulmonar (TEP). La realización de AngioTC en estos pacientes es compleja y expone al personal del Servicio.En este trabajo se  revisan los hallazgos clínicos, analíticos y en imagen de los pacientes con enfermedad por COVID-19 y tromboembolismo pulmonar.  Material y métodos. Se realiza un estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes ingresados en nuestros hospitales  con diagnóstico de COVID-19 a los que se les realizó un angioTC para descartar o confirmar la existencia de  TEP. Se analizaron parámetros clínicos y analíticos de cada uno de ellos.  Resultados. Hemos realizado 18  estudios de angioTC de arterias pulmonares a los 277 pacientes ingresados con COVID-19 entre el 15 de  marzo y el 10 de abril de 2020. El diagnóstico se confirmó en todos los casos con PCR. El motivo de consulta  fue hipoxemia y aumento de las cifras de DÍmero D con descenso de los otros parámetros habitualmente  alterados en esta enfermedad (ferritina, LDH y proteína C). Se evidenció la existencia de TEP en 8 pacientes.  En cinco casos se observó en ramas lobares y segmentarias afectando en dos casos a ramas principales y lobares; en un caso la rama trombosada era una vena pulmonar. Se observó una tendencia a la linfopenia en  los pacientes con trombosis. El 50% de los pacientes estaban ingresados en la UCI . En todos los casos se  observaron pequeñas adenopatías hiliares y mediastínicas.  Conclusión. El TEP es una complicación de la enfermedad por COVID-19. El diagnóstico clínico es difícil de  establecer por el solapamiento de la clínica y los datos analíticos de las dos entidades. Existe tendencia a la  linfopenia en los pacientes con TEP.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, pandemia, Tromboembolismo pulmonar, angio-TC, COVID-19</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="31886">
                <text>DOI: 10.19230/jonnpr.3689</text>
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                <text>Jounal of Negative and No Positive Results</text>
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                <text>Asociación Para el Progreso de la Biomedicina</text>
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                <text>Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic leads governments around the world to resort to tracking technology and other data-driven tools in order to monitor and curb the spread of SARS-CoV-2. Such large-scale incursion into privacy and data protection is unthinkable during times of normalcy. However, in times of a pandemic the use of location data provided by telecom operators and/or technology companies becomes a viable option. Importantly, legal regulations hardly protect people’s privacy against governmental and corporate misuse. Established privacy regimes are focused on individual consent, and most human rights treaties know derogations from privacy and data protection norms for states of emergency. This leaves little safeguards nor remedies to guarantee individual and collective autonomy. However, the challenge of responsible data use during a crisis is not novel. The humanitarian sector has more than a decade of experience to offer. International organisations and humanitarian actors have developed detailed guidelines on how to use data responsibly under extreme circumstances. This article briefly addresses the legal gap of data protection and privacy during this global crisis. Then it outlines the state of the art in humanitarian practice and academia on data protection and data responsibility during crisis.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s41018-020-00072-6</text>
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                <text>Journal of International Humanitarian Action</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Abstract While Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is disrupting lives across the globe for everyone, it has a more devastating impact on the health of older adults, especially that of older men. This pandemic has highlighted the crucial importance of considering an individual’s age and biological sex in the clinic in addition to other confounding diseases (Kuchel, G.A, J Am Geriatr Soc, 67, 203, 2019, Tannenbaum, C., Nature, 575 451-458, 2009) As an interdisciplinary team of scientists in immunology, hematology, genomics, bioinformatics, and geriatrics, we have been studying how age and sex shape the human immune system. Herein we reflect on how our recent findings on the alterations of the immune system in aging might contribute to our current understanding of COVID-19 infection rate and disease risk.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>sex differences, immunosenescence, Inflammaging, COVID-19</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s12979-020-00183-z</text>
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                <text>Immunity &amp; Ageing</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Response, innovation, Public Health, Africa, COVID-19</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01622-w</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="31912">
                <text>BMC Medicine</text>
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                <text>BMC</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>ECMO, COVID-19</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31935">
                <text>DOI: 10.25237/revchilanestv49n03.012</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31936">
                <text>Revista Chilena de Anestesia</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31937">
                <text>Editorial Iku</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="31938">
                <text>Medicine, Anesthesiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
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</itemContainer>
