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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Screening Clinic (Including Drive-Through System) Data at a Single University Hospital in South Korea from 27 January 2020 to 31 March 2020 during the COVID-19 Outbreak</text>
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                <text>Min  Cheol Chang, Wan-Seok Seo, Donghwi Park, Jian Hur</text>
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                <text>In this study, we evaluated the efficiency of a drive-through (DT) screening system for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by comparing it with a conventional screening system. We reviewed and analyzed the SARS-CoV-2 screening data obtained at our university hospital. We compared the number of tests for SARS-CoV-2 (using real-time polymerase chain reaction) performed using two different specimen collection systems—DT and conventional—during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Daegu. Based on the results, the DT screening system collected 5.8 times more specimens for testing than the conventional screening system. From January 27 to 31 March 2020, 6211 individuals were screened for SARS-CoV-2 infection using either the DT or conventional system. In total, 217 individuals tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (positive rate: 3.50%). Of the 6211 individuals, 3368 were symptomatic or had a history of contact with COVID-19 patients, and 142 of them tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (positive rate: 4.22%). Further, 2843 individuals were asymptomatic and had no history of contact with COVID-19 patients, and 75 of them tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (positive rate: 2.64%). In conclusion, the DT system allowed clinicians to collect specimens for SARS-CoV-2 screening more efficiently than the conventional system. Furthermore, as there might be several COVID-19 patients who remain asymptomatic, expanding the screening test to asymptomatic individuals would be necessary.</text>
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                <text>covid-19, real-time polymerase chain reaction, drive-through screening system</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Immune Cells and Mediators, Prognostic Factors, and Immune-Therapeutic Implications</text>
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                <text>Sebastiano Gangemi, Alessandro Tonacci, Alessandro Allegra, Caterina Musolino, Mario Di Gioacchino</text>
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                <text>The present is a comprehensive review of the immunopathology of Covid-19. The immune reaction to SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by differentiation and proliferation of a variety of immune cells with immune mediator production and release, and activation of other pathogen resistance mechanisms. We fully address the humoral and cellular immune changes induced by the virus, with particular emphasis on the role of the “cytokine storm” in the evolution of the disease. Moreover, we also propose some immune alterations (i.e., inflammatory parameters, cytokines, leukocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations) as prognostic markers of the disease. Furthermore, we discuss how immune modifying drugs, such as tocilizumab, chloroquine, glucocorticoids and immunoglobulins, and blood purification therapy, can constitute a fundamental moment in the therapy of the infection. Finally, we made a critical analysis of a number of substances, not yet utilized, but potentially useful in SARS-CoV-2 patients, such as IFN lambda, TNF blockers, ulinastatin, siponimod, tacrolimus, mesenchymal stem cells, inhibitors of mononuclear macrophage recruitment, IL-1 family antagonists, JAK-2 or STAT-3 inhibitors.</text>
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                <text>10.3390/ijms21134782</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Biology (General), Chemistry</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Analysis of Outbreak and Global Impacts of the COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Le  Hoang Son, Phuong  Thao Thi Ngo, Viet-Ha Nhu, Ishaani Priyadarshini, Pinaki Mohanty, Raghvendra Kumar, Hoang  Thi Minh Chau, Dieu Tien Bui</text>
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                <text>Corona viruses are a large family of viruses that are not only restricted to causing illness in humans but also affect animals such as camels, cattle, cats, and bats, thus affecting a large group of living species. The outbreak of Corona virus in late December 2019 (also known as COVID-19) raised major concerns when the outbreak started getting tremendous. While the first case was discovered in Wuhan, China, it did not take long for the disease to travel across the globe and infect every continent (except Antarctica), killing thousands of people. Since it has become a global concern, different countries have been working toward the treatment and generation of vaccine, leading to different speculations. While some argue that the vaccine may only be a few weeks away, others believe that it may take some time to create the vaccine. Given the increasing number of deaths, the COVID-19 has caused havoc worldwide and is a matter of serious concern. Thus, there is a need to study how the disease has been propagating across continents by numbers as well as by regions. This study incorporates a detailed description of how the COVID-19 outbreak started in China and managed to spread across the globe rapidly. We take into account the COVID-19 outbreak cases (confirmed, recovered, death) in order to make some observations regarding the pandemic. Given the detailed description of the outbreak, this study would be beneficial to certain industries that may be affected by the outbreak in order to take timely precautionary measures in the future. Further, the study lists some industries that have witnessed the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on a global scale.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), covid-19, Global pandemic, global impacts</text>
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                <text>10.3390/healthcare8020148</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Association Between Current Physical Activity and Current Perceived Anxiety and Mood in the Initial Phase of COVID-19 Confinement</text>
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                <text>Guillermo F. López-Sánchez, Rubén López-Bueno, Joaquín Calatayud, José A. Casajús, Lee Smith, Rubén López-Bueno, Joaquín Calatayud, Yasmin Ezzatvar, Lars L. Andersen</text>
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                <text>The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared a world pandemic due to COVID-19, and several enacted measures such as compulsory confinement may have collateral consequences on both physical and mental health. We aimed to investigate associations between current physical activity (PA) and current perceived anxiety and mood among a sample of Spanish adults confined due to COVID-19 restrictions of movement. Using an online survey, we collected data on the Spanish adult population regarding health habits during the first days of enacted confinement. A total of 2250 participants (54.8% women) aged 35.3 (SD 13.6) completed the survey, which included questions about sociodemographic characteristics (i.e. age, gender, civil status, education, and occupation), health habits (i.e. prior PA, alcohol consumption, smoking, screen exposure, and sleep hours) and COVID-19 confinement context (i.e. number of isolation days, solitude, and exposure to COVID-19). Physical Activity Vital Sign (PAVS) short form was used to estimate weekly minutes of PA, whereas a single-item question was used to assess both current perceived anxiety and mood. We conducted weighted binomial logistic regressions to check associations between current adherence to WHO guidelines of PA and current perceived anxiety and mood of confined adults. Significant inverse associations between overall adherence to PA and current perceived anxiety in the final adjusted model (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.54–0.79) as well as in several subgroup analyses such as younger women were observed. In addition, a borderline significant inverse association was found between current PA and current perceived worse mood when fully adjusted (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68–1.00); this association was significantly stronger in women than men. The results of the present study indicate that current PA adherence to WHO guidelines in the initial phase of COVID-19 confinement associates with both lower current perceived anxiety and lower current perceived worse mood among a sample of Spanish adults.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>mental health, covid-19, adults, physical activity, Spain</text>
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                <text>10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00729</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Psychiatry</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Overview: Systemic Inflammatory Response Derived From Lung Injury Caused by SARS-CoV-2 Infection Explains Severe Outcomes in COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Rafael B. Polidoro, Robert S. Hagan, Roberta de Santis Santiago, Nathan W. Schmidt</text>
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                <text>Most SARS-CoV2 infections will not develop into severe COVID-19. However, in some patients, lung infection leads to the activation of alveolar macrophages and lung epithelial cells that will release proinflammatory cytokines. IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β increase expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) and VEGF, thereby increasing permeability of the lung endothelium and reducing barrier protection, allowing viral dissemination and infiltration of neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes. In the blood, these cytokines will stimulate the bone marrow to produce and release immature granulocytes, that return to the lung and further increase inflammation, leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This lung-systemic loop leads to cytokine storm syndrome (CSS). Concurrently, the acute phase response increases the production of platelets, fibrinogen and other pro-thrombotic factors. Systemic decrease in ACE2 function impacts the Renin-Angiotensin-Kallikrein-Kinin systems (RAS-KKS) increasing clotting. The combination of acute lung injury with RAS-KKS unbalance is herein called COVID-19 Associated Lung Injury (CALI). This conservative two-hit model of systemic inflammation due to the lung injury allows new intervention windows and is more consistent with the current knowledge.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, ARDS, severe COVID-19, Bisphosphonates, inflammatory monocytes</text>
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                <text>10.3389/fimmu.2020.01626</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Immunologic diseases. Allergy</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>University-Wide Online Learning During COVID-19: From Policy to Practice</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83509">
                <text>Nuengwong Tuaycharoen</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>During Thailand’s COVID-19 lockdown, all university in the country must continue their classes in the Summer Semester with on-line format. This article described our university’s policy and practice to support university-wide on-line learning. Our support system included a Learning Management System, a teaching guideline for our instructors, an on-line training course for instructors, a quality control process, and a teaching assessment to obtain feedbacks from students. Due to the rushing nature of the situation, many instructors could not finish all teaching preparation before the semester started. However, the results showed that the students satisfied with their on-line classes with the average score of 4.54 from 5-point Likert Scale.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>covid-19, online learning, higher education, distance learning, Education Technology</text>
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                <text>10.3991/ijim.v15i02.18143</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83515">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Telecommunication</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83499">
                <text>The Impact of COVID-19 on Tourist Satisfaction with B&amp;B in Zhejiang, China: An Importance–Performance Analysis</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83500">
                <text>Weijun Gao, Yan Hong, Gangwei Cai, Zhoujin Mo, Lei Xu, Yuanxing Jiang, Jinming Jiang</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>After the outbreak of COVID-19 (especially in the stage of tourism recovery), the bed and breakfast (B&amp;B) tourism industry faced big challenges in improving its health strategies. B&amp;Bs are very important for the tourism industry in China and many other countries. However, few studies have studied the impact of B&amp;Bs, under COVID-19, on tourism in China. Our paper is among one of the first studies to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on tourist satisfaction with B&amp;Bs in China. The work/travel restrictions started from 20 January 2020, and work/after travel resumed from 20 February 2020 in Zhejiang, China. Data were collected from 588 tourists (who experienced B&amp;Bs in Zhejiang, China) from a WeChat online survey, from 1 March to 15 March 2020. The current study attempted to fill the gap by studying the changing tourist satisfaction levels with B&amp;Bs before/after COVID-19. Moreover, some suggestions are given to the B&amp;B industry for tourism resumption after COVID-19 by an importance–performance analysis (IPA).</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83502">
                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83503">
                <text>covid-19, tourist satisfaction, Bed and Breakfast (B&amp;B), importance–performance analysis (IPA), tourism resumption</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.3390/ijerph17103747</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83505">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="83506">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83507">
                <text>Medicine</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>A Pharmacovigilance Study of Hydroxychloroquine Cardiac Safety Profile: Potential Implication in COVID-19 Mitigation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83491">
                <text>Anand  Prakash Singh, Sultan Tousif, Prachi Umbarkar, Hind Lal</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>In light of the favorable outcomes of few small, non-randomized clinical studies, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has issued an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) to Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. In fact, subsequent clinical studies with COVID-19 and HCQ have reported limited efficacy and poor clinical benefits. Unfortunately, a robust clinical trial for its effectiveness is not feasible at this emergency. Additionally, HCQ was suspected of causing cardiovascular adverse reactions (CV-AEs), but it has never been directly investigated. The objective of this pharmacovigilance analysis was to determine and characterize HCQ-associated cardiovascular adverse events (CV-AEs). We performed a disproportionality analysis of HCQ-associated CV-AEs using the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database. The FAERS database, comprising more than 11,901,836 datasets and 10,668,655 patient records with drug-adverse reactions, was analyzed. The disproportionality analysis was used to calculate the reporting odds ratios (ROR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) to predict HCQ-associated CV-AEs. HCQ was associated with higher reporting of right ventricular hypertrophy (ROR: 6.68; 95% CI: 4.02 to 11.17), left ventricular hypertrophy (ROR: 3.81; 95% CI: 2.57 to 5.66), diastolic dysfunction (ROR: 3.54; 95% CI: 2.19 to 5.71), pericarditis (ROR: 3.09; 95% CI: 2.27 to 4.23), torsades de pointes (TdP) (ROR: 3.05; 95% CI: 2.30 to 4.10), congestive cardiomyopathy (ROR: 2.98; 95% CI: 2.01 to 4.42), ejection fraction decreased (ROR: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.80 to 3.22), right ventricular failure (ROR: 2.40; 95% CI: 1.64 to 3.50), atrioventricular block complete (ROR: 2.30; 95% CI: 1.55 to 3.41) and QT prolongation (ROR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.74 to 2.52). QT prolongation and TdP are most relevant to the COVID-19 treatment regimen of high doses for a comparatively short period and represent the most common HCQ-associated AEs. The patients receiving HCQ are at higher risk of various cardiac AEs, including QT prolongation and TdP. These findings highlight the urgent need for prospective, randomized, controlled studies to assess the risk/benefit ratio of HCQ in the COVID-19 setting before its widespread adoption as therapy.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83494">
                <text>Hydroxychloroquine, Arrhythmias, QT prolongation, Cardiac dysfunction, Torsades de pointes, pharmacovigilance analysis</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83495">
                <text>10.3390/jcm9061867</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83496">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83497">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Effect Evaluation of the Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) System on the Health Care of the Elderly: A Review</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83483">
                <text>Chen L, Xu X</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Linhong Chen,1,2 Xiaocang Xu3,4 1School of Mathematics and Statistics, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, People&amp;rsquo;s Republic of China; 2School of Public Administration, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People&amp;rsquo;s Republic of China; 3School of Economics, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, People&amp;rsquo;s Republic of China; 4Department of Actuarial Studies &amp;amp; Business Analytics, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, AustraliaCorrespondence: Xiaocang Xu Email cangxiaoxu@ctbu.edu.cnBackground: How to cope with the rapid growth of LTC (long-term care) needs for the old people without activities of daily living (ADL), which is also a serious hazard caused by public health emergencies such as COVID-2019 and SARS (2003), has become an urgent task in China, Germany, Japan, and other aging countries. As a response, the LTCI (long-term care insurance) system has been executed among European countries and piloted in 15 cities of China in 2016. Subsequently, the influence and dilemma of LTCI system have become a hot academic topic in the past 20 years.Methods: The review was carried out to reveal the effects of the LTCI system on different economic entities by reviewing relevant literature published from January 2008 to September 2019. The quality of 25 quantitative and 24 qualitative articles was evaluated using the JBI and CASP critical evaluation checklist, respectively.Results: The review systematically examines the effects of the LTCI system on different microeconomic entities such as caretakers or their families and macroeconomic entities such as government spending. The results show that the LTCI system has a great impact on social welfare. For example, LTCI has a positive effect on the health and life quality of the disabled elderly. However, the role of LTCI in alleviating the financial burden on families with the disabled elderly may be limited.Conclusion: Implementation of LTCI system not only in reducing the physical and mental health problems of health care recipients and providers, and the economic burden of their families, but also promote the development of health care service industry and further improvement of the health care system. However, the dilemma and sustainable development of the LTCI system is the government needs to focus on in the future due to the sustainability of its funding sources.Keywords: aging society, LTC, long-term care, LTCI, long-term care insurance, fund-raising, effectiveness, dilemma</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>effectiveness, dilemma, fundraising, Aging Society, ltc (long-term care), ltci (long-term care insurance)</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine (General)</text>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/40685baf20f5b5fa8152d345d7da0d9e.pdf</src>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Detection of Feline Coronavirus in Feline Effusions by Immunofluorescence Staining and Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction</text>
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                <text>Yi-Chen Luo, I-Li Liu, Yu-Tan Chen, Hui-Wen Chen</text>
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                <text>Feline coronavirus (FCoV), the pathogen for feline infectious peritonitis, is a lethal infectious agent that can cause effusions in the pleural and abdominal cavities in domestic cats. To study the epidemiology of FCoV in Taiwan, 81 FIP-suspected sick cats with effusive specimens were recruited to test for FCoV infection using immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction as detection methods, and viral RNAs were recovered from the specimens to conduct genotyping and phylogenetic analysis based on the spike (S) protein gene. The results revealed that a total of 47 (47/81, 58%) of the sick cats were positive for FCoV in the effusion samples, of which 39 were successfully sequenced and comprised of 21 type I strains, 9 type II strains, and 9 co-infections. The signalment analysis of these sick cats revealed that only the sex of cats showed a significant association (odds ratio = 2.74, 95% confidence interval = 1.06–7.07, p = 0.03) with the infection of FCoV, while age and breed showed no association. FCoV-positive cats demonstrated a significantly lower albumin to globulin ratio than negative individuals (p = 0.0004). The partial S gene-based phylogenetic analysis revealed that the type I strains demonstrated genetic diversity forming several clades, while the type II strains were more conserved. This study demonstrates the latest epidemiological status of FCoV infection in the northern part of Taiwan among sick cats and presents comparisons of Taiwan and other countries.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>phylogenetic analysis, feline coronavirus, genotyping, Immunofluorescence staining, spike protein gene</text>
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                <text>10.3390/pathogens9090698</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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