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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Nipah Virus: Past Outbreaks and Future Containment</text>
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                <text>Vinod Soman Pillai, Gayathri Krishna, Mohanan Valiya Veettil</text>
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                <text>Viral outbreaks of varying frequencies and severities have caused panic and havoc across the globe throughout history. Influenza, small pox, measles, and yellow fever reverberated for centuries, causing huge burden for economies. The twenty-first century witnessed the most pathogenic and contagious virus outbreaks of zoonotic origin including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Ebola virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Nipah virus. Nipah is considered one of the world’s deadliest viruses with the heaviest mortality rates in some instances. It is known to cause encephalitis, with cases of acute respiratory distress turning fatal. Various factors contribute to the onset and spread of the virus. All through the infected zone, various strategies to tackle and enhance the surveillance and awareness with greater emphasis on personal hygiene has been formulated. This review discusses the recent outbreaks of Nipah virus in Malaysia, Bangladesh and India, the routes of transmission, prevention and control measures employed along with possible reasons behind the outbreaks, and the precautionary measures to be ensured by private–public undertakings to contain and ensure a lower incidence in the future.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>transmission, Outbreak, control, Prevention, emerging virus, Nipah</text>
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                <text>10.3390/v12040465</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
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                <text>Microbiology</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Prevention and Control of COVID-19 Infection in a Chinese Mental Health Center</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Shan Gao, Shan Gao, Mi Yang, Mi Yang, Mi Yang, Hongming Wang, Hongming Wang, Hongming Wang, Zhi Li, Qiang Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Xin Liu, Xin Liu, Xin Liu, Manxi He, Manxi He, Manxi He</text>
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                <text>Faced with the rapid spread of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a global public health threat, psychiatric hospitals are under huge pressure to prevent and control nosocomial infection. The current research analyzed the COVID-19 infection control practices in a regional mental health center in China and addressed how this type of medical institutions could enhance their ability to prevent and control hospital transmission of major respiratory diseases and general management of nosocomial infection risks. Firstly, hospital-related risks of COVID-19 were analyzed, and targeted prevention and control measures were then established. Pre- and post-intervention theoretical knowledge of nosocomial infection control, hand hygiene compliance and accuracy, use of personal protective equipment, and disinfection and sterilization effectiveness were evaluated and compared. All the indexes displayed significant improvements following the implementation of the prevention and control measures. Up to the submission of this paper, the mental health center had obtained no suspected or confirmed case of COVID-19 infection due to hospital transmission. The findings provide empirical evidence for the effectiveness of the COVID-19 preventive strategies and have important implications for integrated and characterized infection control in mental health centers during a major epidemic. The establishment of the transitional isolation ward and air fumigation using traditional Chinese medicine for patients and staff are preventive measures worthy of further discussion and dissemination.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Outbreak, nosocomial infection, mental health center, prevention and control practice, the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19)</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82670">
                <text>10.3389/fmed.2020.00356</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82673">
                <text>Medicine (General)</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Hybridization Chain Reactions Targeting the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82657">
                <text>Tzu-Heng Wu, Chia-Chen Chang, Ching-Hsu Yang, Wei-Yin Lin, Tan  Joy Ee, Chii-Wann Lin</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>In this work, hybridization chain reactions (HCRs) toward Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS–CoV-2) nucleocapsid phosphoproteins gene loci and human RNase P are proposed to provide an isothermal amplification screening tool. The proposed chain reactions target the complementary DNA (cDNA) of SARS–CoV-2, with loci corresponding to gold-standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) loci. Four hybridization chain reaction reactions are demonstrated herein, targeting N1/N2/N3 loci and human RNase P. The design of the hybridization chain reaction, herein, is assisted with an algorithm. The algorithm helps to search target sequences with low local secondary structure and high hybridization efficiency. The loop domain of the fuel hairpin molecule H1 and H2, which are the tunable segments in such reactions, are used as an optimization parameter to improve the hybridization efficiency of the chain reaction. The algorithm-derived HCR reactions were validated with gel electrophoresis. All proposed reactions exhibit a hybridization complex with a molecular mass &gt;1.5k base pairs, which is clear evidence of chain reaction. The hybridization efficiency trend revealed by gel electrophoresis corresponds nicely to the simulated data from the algorithm. The HCR reactions and the corresponding algorithm serve as a basis to further SARS–CoV-2 sensing applications and facilitate better screening strategies for the prevention of on-going pandemics.</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82660">
                <text>SARS–CoV-2, algorithm, hybridization chain reaction</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82661">
                <text>10.3390/ijms21093216</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82662">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82663">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82664">
                <text>Biology (General), Chemistry</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Socio-economic burden of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82648">
                <text>A. S. Kolbin, D. Yu. Belousov, Yu. M. Gomon, Yu. E. Balykina, I. G. Ivanov</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Purpose. Assessment of the socio-economic burden of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation (RF). Materials and methods. Identification and assessment of direct medical, direct non-medical costs, as well as indirect costs associated with the development of the coronavirus infection epidemic. When calculating the socio-economic burden, the prevalence-based calculation approach was chosen. The sources of data on the epidemiology of the disease were data from the Ministry of Health and data from the Government of the Russian Federation. Results. The socio-economic burden of COVID-19 in the Russian Federation will amount to 4.6 trillion rubles ($71.1 billion) or 4 % from GDP. In the cost structure, more than half of the costs are direct non-medical expenses (58.62 %), indirect expenses due to GDP losses are 40.65 %, direct medical expenses are only less than 1 % (0.74 %). The results of the sensitivity analysis showed that the extension of the self-isolation period from 1 month to 1.5 and 2 months will lead to an increase in the share of indirect expenses from 40.65 % (1 month) to 56.08 (1.5 months) and 67.76 % (2 months) for all expenses in connection with the COVID-19 epidemic. At the same time, the socio-economic burden of COVID-19 will amount to 6.2 and 8.5 trillion rubles, respectively. Conclusions. The epidemic of a novel coronavirus infection will lead to great economic losses in the Russian society.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>coronavirus, covid-19, economic modeling, Russian Federation, socio-economic burden of disease</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82652">
                <text>10.37489/2588-0519-2020-1-35-44</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Качественная клиническая практика</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82654">
                <text>Izdatelstvo OKI</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Pharmacy and materia medica, Medical technology</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>Can Nuclear Imaging of Activated Macrophages with Folic Acid-Based Radiotracers Serve as a Prognostic Means to Identify COVID-19 Patients at Risk?</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Roger Schibli, Cristina Müller, Britta Maurer</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Herein, we discuss the potential role of folic acid-based radiopharmaceuticals for macrophage imaging to support clinical decision-making in patients with COVID-19. Activated macrophages play an important role during coronavirus infections. Exuberant host responses, i.e., a cytokine storm with increase of macrophage-related cytokines, such as TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 can lead to life-threatening complications, such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which develops in approximately 20% of the patients. Diverse immune modulating therapies are currently being tested in clinical trials. In a preclinical proof-of-concept study in experimental interstitial lung disease, we showed the potential of 18F-AzaFol, an 18F-labeled folic acid-based radiotracer, as a specific novel imaging tool for the visualization and monitoring of macrophage-driven lung diseases. 18F-AzaFol binds to the folate receptor-beta (FRβ) that is expressed on activated macrophages involved in inflammatory conditions. In a recent multicenter cancer trial, 18F-AzaFol was successfully and safely applied (NCT03242993). It is supposed that the visualization of activated macrophage-related disease processes by folate radiotracer-based nuclear imaging can support clinical decision-making by identifying COVID-19 patients at risk of a severe disease progression with a potentially lethal outcome.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82642">
                <text>inflammation, covid-19, Macrophages, Positron emission tomography (PET), imaging biomarker, folate receptor-beta (FRβ)</text>
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                <text>10.3390/ph13090238</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82645">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82646">
                <text>Medicine, Pharmacy and materia medica</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82629">
                <text>On Estimating the Number of Deaths Related to Covid-19</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82630">
                <text>Hoang Pham</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82631">
                <text>In this paper, we discuss an explicit model function that can estimate the total number of deaths in the population, and particularly, estimate the cumulative number of deaths in the United States due to the current Covid-19 virus. We compare the modeling results to two related existing models based on a new criteria and several existing criteria for model selection. The results show the proposed model fits significantly better than the other two related models based on the U.S. Covid-19 death data. We observe that the errors of the fitted data and the predicted data points on the total number of deaths in the U.S. on the last available data point and the next coming day are less than 0.5% and 2.0%, respectively. The results show very encouraging predictability for the model. The new model predicts that the maximum total number of deaths will be approximately 62,100 across the United States due to the Covid-19 virus, and with a 95% confidence that the expected total death toll will be between 60,951 and 63,249 deaths based on the data until 22 April, 2020. If there is a significant change in the coming days due to various testing strategies, social-distancing policies, the reopening of community strategies, or a stay-home policy, the predicted death tolls will definitely change. Future work can be explored further to apply the proposed model to global Covid-19 death data and to other applications, including human population mortality, the spread of disease, and different topics such as movie reviews in recommender systems.</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82632">
                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82633">
                <text>covid-19, model prediction, model selection, number of death estimation, model criteria</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82634">
                <text>10.3390/math8050655</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82636">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82637">
                <text>Mathematics</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82620">
                <text>How Will the Future of Work Shape the OSH Professional of the Future? A Workshop Summary</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82621">
                <text>Sarah A. Felknor, Jessica M. K. Streit, L. Casey Chosewood, Michelle McDaniel, Paul A. Schulte, George L. Delclos, on behalf of the Workshop Presenters and Participants</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82622">
                <text>Rapid and profound changes anticipated in the future of work will have significant implications for the education and training of occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals and the workforce. As the nature of the workplace, work, and the workforce change, the OSH field must expand its focus to include existing and new hazards (some yet unknown), consider how to protect the health and well-being of a diverse workforce, and understand and mitigate the safety implications of new work arrangements. Preparing for these changes is critical to developing proactive systems that can protect workers, prevent injury and illness, and promote worker well-being. An in-person workshop held on February 3–4, 2020 at The University of Texas Health Science Center (UTHealth) School of Public Health in Houston, Texas, USA, examined some of the challenges and opportunities OSH education will face in both academic and industry settings. The onslaught of the COVID-19 global pandemic reached the United States one month after this workshop and greatly accelerated the pace of change. This article summarizes presentations from national experts and thought leaders across the spectrum of OSH and professionals in the fields of strategic foresight, systems thinking, and industry, and provides recommendations for the field.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82623">
                <text>2020</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82624">
                <text>future of work, Training and Education, Total Worker Health&lt;sup&gt;®&lt;/sup&gt;, expanding occupational safety and health paradigm, occupational safety and health professional</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82625">
                <text>10.3390/ijerph17197154</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82626">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82627">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82628">
                <text>Medicine</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82611">
                <text>Insignificant Impact of the “Stay-At-Home” Order on Ambient Air Quality in the Memphis Metropolitan Area, U.S.A.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82612">
                <text>Chunrong Jia, Xianqiang Fu, Debra Bartelli, Larry Smith</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82613">
                <text>The lockdowns due to the COVID-19 pandemic have been reported to reduce ambient air pollution in many cities globally. This study aims to examine whether air pollution dropped in Memphis, a typical U.S. metropolitan city and transportation hub, during the lockdown from 25 March to 4 May, 2020. Daily air pollution data measured at five representative monitoring stations in the Memphis Metropolitan Area were downloaded from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Air Quality System. The mean concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone during the lockdown were compared with the baseline concentrations measured during the same periods in 2017–2019 using linear regression models. The average vehicle miles traveled (VMT) reduced by 57% in this region during the lockdown compared to that during 1–24 March, 2020. The mean (± standard deviation) concentrations of PM2.5, NO2, and ozone were 7.5 ± 2.6 μg/m3, 16.5 ± 9.4 ppb, and 44.5 ± 8.4 ppb, respectively, during the lockdown. They did not statistically differ from the baseline concentrations, nor were they lower than the mean concentrations in the prior month (25 February–24 March, 2020), after accounting for meteorological conditions. The lack of effect could be explained by the small contribution of traffic emissions to air pollution. The results suggest that the “stay-at-home” order had an insignificant impact on reducing air pollution in Memphis.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82614">
                <text>2020</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82615">
                <text>coronavirus, covid-19, lockdown, PM2.5, air pollution, stay at home</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82616">
                <text>10.3390/atmos11060630</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82617">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82618">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82619">
                <text>Meteorology. Climatology</text>
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  <item itemId="9926" public="1" featured="0">
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82602">
                <text>A potential role for Galectin-3 inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82603">
                <text>John L. Caniglia, Maheedhara R. Guda, Swapna Asuthkar, Andrew J. Tsung, Kiran K. Velpula</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82604">
                <text>The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. With no standard of care for the treatment of COVID-19, there is an urgent need to identify therapies that may be effective in treatment. Recent evidence has implicated the development of cytokine release syndrome as the major cause of fatality in COVID-19 patients, with elevated levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) observed in patients. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is an animal lectin that has been implicated in the disease process of a variety of inflammatory conditions. Inhibitors of the small molecule Gal-3 have been shown to reduce the levels of both IL-6 and TNF-α in vitro and have shown anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. Additionally, a key domain in the spike protein of β-coronaviridae, a genus which includes SARS-CoV2, is nearly identical in morphology to human Gal-3. These spike proteins are critical for the virus’ entry into host cells. Here we provide a systematic review of the available literature and an impetus for further research on the use of Gal-3 inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19. Further, we propose a dual mechanism by which Gal-3 inhibition may be beneficial in the treatment of COVID-19, both suppressing the host inflammatory response and impeding viral attachment to host cells.</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82605">
                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Cytokines, covid-19, galectin-3</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>10.7717/peerj.9392</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="82609">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/a0d15a11c4f59d70773d6141b02816fe.pdf</src>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>INTEGRATED MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR IMITATION OF THE COURSE OF VIRAL DISEASE AND CORRECTION OF THE INDUCED HYPOXIC STATE</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>N. I. Aralova, O. M. Klyuchko, V. I. Mashkin, I. V. Mashkina, T. A. Semchyk</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The aim of the work was to create a complex mathematical model simulating the course of the diseasecaused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus on the level of interaction between functional systems of organism andpharmacological correction of organism hypoxic states arising in the complicated course of the disease. Inthe present work the methods of mathematical modeling and theory of optimal control of moving objectswere used. The proposed integrated mathematical model consisted on the mathematical models offunctional systems of respiration and blood circulation, thermoregulation, immune response, erythropoesis,and pharmacological correction. Individual patient data were taken for this model, and the disturbingeffect in the form of viral disease was simulated. The reactions of functional respiratory and bloodcirculatory systems were predicted. Partial pressures of respiratory gases in alveolar spaces and theirtensions in lung capillaries blood, arterial and mixed venous blood, and tissue fluid were calculated.Further the intravenous injection of antihypoxant was simulated and the values of the same parameterswere calculated. In such a way it was possible to choose the most optimal way of hypoxic state correctionfor any individual. This model is theoretical only for today because the models of respiratory and bloodcirculation systems were designed for the average person and it does not suppose peculiarities of individualpersons infected with SARS-CoV-2. In particular, this concerns the pequliarities of gas exchange in thealveolar space and characteristics of respiratory gases diffusion through the alveolar-capillary andcapillary-tissue membranes. However, it is one of possible directions for solving the complex tasks relatedto treatment of the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. In the result of the work the complex ofinformation support for the imitation of viral disease course was developed at the level of interaction oforganism functional systems, as well as pharmacological correction of caused by it hypoxic states.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82597">
                <text>sars-cov-2 virus, immune response model, mathematical model of the respiratory system, hypoxic state, infection lesion</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82598">
                <text>10.15407/biotech13.03.030</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82599">
                <text>Biotechnologia Acta</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82600">
                <text>National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Palladin Institute of Biochemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="82601">
                <text>Biotechnology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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