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                <text>Information Typology in Coronavirus (COVID-19) Crisis; a Commentary</text>
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                <text>Zahra Kazempour, Hasan Ashrafi rizi</text>
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                <text>Introduction:  In late 2019 and early 2020, many people in different countries around the world became infected by the new Coronavirus. This created challenges for these countries in many aspects including economic, political, social, health and so on. Some of these challenges are directly or indirectly related to information discussion, because providing the right information, at the right time and to the right audience, can solve or reduce some of the challenges. However, there were problems in this process during this crisis, as various individuals and organizations began to produce and disseminate information that, given the special circumstances of this crisis (that most countries have rarely experienced), produced types of information that are worth consideration.</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, disaster planning, access to information, Confidentiality, Information Typology</text>
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                <text>10.22037/aaem.v8i1.591</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid</text>
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                <text>Effectiveness of lopinavir/ritonavir on COVID-19-related pneumonia in a child with COVID-19-associated Kawasaki disease.</text>
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                <text>Zerrin Orbak, Fuat Laloglu, Hulya Akat</text>
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                <text>The large outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading all over the world rapidly. There have recently been publications in the literature regarding the relationship between COVID-19 and Kawasaki disease, but there is no sufficient knowledge about the treatment and follow-up.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>covid-19, pneumonia, kawasaki disease</text>
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                <text>10.1017/S1047951120004291</text>
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                <text>Cardiology in the young</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>The clinical course and diagnostic relevance of olfactory  loss in a SARS-CoV-2 infection</text>
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                <text>M.J. Bauwens, S. Claeys</text>
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                <text>Background: The acute onset of olfactory and/or gustatory dysfunction is a frequent complaint during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is predominantly reported by subjects with asymptomatic to mild disease severity during the early stage of the infection. The high prevalence of anosmia/dysosmia and/or ageusia/dysgeusia in this current era implements a strong correlation with a SARS-CoV-2 infection and these symptoms could therefore be seen as important prodromes. The purpose of this study was to outline the occurrence, epidemiology and clinical course of olfactory and/or gustatory disorders in (suspected) COVID-19 cases and to analyse the diagnostic significance of these neurosensory dysfunctions.Methods: An online questionnaire was carried out which addressed 500 participants with new onset olfactory and/or gustatory impairment during the COVID-19 pandemic.Results: Acute olfactory and gustatory loss was reported by 487 (97.4%) and 464 (92.8%), respectively. A significant higher prevalence of neurosensory complaints was reported by women and people of younger age. The most prevalent concurrent symptoms were fatigue, headaches, nasal congestion, dry cough, rhinorrhoea and sneezing. The recovery rate after 8 weeks was 41.9% for olfactory impairment and 53.7% for gustatory impairment. Among the 93 subjects tested, 82 (88.2%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.Conclusion: Olfactory and/or gustatory disorders are prevalent clinical findings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Neurosensory impairments, isolated or in association with other mild complaints, need to be addressed as potential symptoms of a SARS-CoV-2 infection and should be implemented as clinical markers.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, olfactory loss, gustatory loss, neurosensory dysfunctions</text>
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                <text>10.4193/RHINOL/20.081</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Otorhinolaryngology</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Medical Students Regarding COVID-19 in Afghanistan: A Cross-Sectional Study</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="39132">
                <text>Nemat A, Raufi N, Sediqi MF, Rasib AR, Asady A</text>
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                <text>Arash Nemat,1,2 Nahid Raufi,3,4 Mohammad Faiq Sediqi,5 Aziz Rahman Rasib,6 Abdullah Asady1 1Department of Microbiology, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan; 2Department of Cardiology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People&amp;rsquo;s Republic of China; 3Department of Dermatology, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan; 4Department of Dermatology, Guangdong Provincial Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People&amp;rsquo;s Republic of China; 5Department of Histology, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan; 6Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, AfghanistanCorrespondence: Arash NematDepartment of Microbiology, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Jamaal Mina, Kabul, 1001, AfghanistanTel +93 706 717 987Email dr.arashnemat@yahoo.comBackground: The coronavirus pandemic has had devastating effects on many nations, including Afghanistan. Public awareness and following recommendations play an important part in managing such a large-scale crisis, which are affected largely by knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). Medical students can act as reliable sources of information for the public in such a scenario. This study aimed to investigate KAP of medical students regarding COVID-19.Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in October 2020 among medical students in Afghanistan, Kabul University of Medical Sciences. Information on sociodemographics and KAP, was collected using a web-based questionnaire.Results: A total of 1,169 medical students completed the survey. More than half were female (54.6%), a majority (95%) aged &amp;ge; 20 years, and more than half (56.2%) lived in the city of Kabul. Overall, students had acceptable KAP regarding COVID-19, except for a few undesirable responses with regard to the risks of close contact with COVID-19 patients, incubation periods, and groups vulnerable to COVID-19.Conclusion: Overall, the students had acceptable KAP regarding COVID-19, except for the few undesired aforementioned responses, which need more focus during awareness campaigns in future.Keywords: SARS-COV2, pandemic, surveys and questionnaires, public health</text>
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                <text>Public health, Pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, Surveys and questionnaires</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Public aspects of medicine</text>
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                <text>Samrah SM, Al-Mistarehi AH, Aleshawi AJ, Khasawneh AG, Momany SM, Momany BS, Abu Za'nouneh FJ, Keelani T, Alshorman A, Khassawneh BY</text>
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                <text>Shaher M Samrah, 1 Abdel-Hameed Al-Mistarehi, 2 Abdelwahab J Aleshawi, 3 Aws G Khasawneh, 4 Suleiman M Momany, 1 Baker S Momany, 3 Faris J Abu Za&amp;rsquo;nouneh, 3 Thekra Keelani, 3 Abrar Alshorman, 3 Basheer Y Khassawneh 1  1Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan;  2Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan;  3Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, Jordan;  4Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), Irbid, JordanCorrespondence: Shaher M SamrahDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), P.O. Box: 630001, Irbid 22110, JordanTel +962 2 7201000Fax +962 2 7201064Email samrah@just.edu.joBackground: In-hospital mandatory quarantine of asymptomatic and symptomatic COVID-19-infected individuals was part of the national control strategy used to prevent the spread of the COVID-19 outbreak in Jordan. This study aims to evaluate depression, associated stressors, and various coping methods used among adult quarantined COVID-19-infected individuals.Methods: This cross-sectional study included all COVID-19-infected individuals who were obligatorily quarantined at King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan from March 15 to April 20, 2020. Symptoms of depression were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire after 10 days of quarantine. In addition, several questions regarding the patients&amp;rsquo; sights with the health-care system, and coping methods were added. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, and comorbidities were collected from the medical records.Results: Out of 91 quarantined COVID-19 patients, a total of 66 completed the survey, with a participation rate of 72.5%. The majority were relatively young; the mean &amp;plusmn; SD age was 35.8 &amp;plusmn; 16.2 years (range 18&amp;ndash; 79), 59.1% were females and 47% were asymptomatic. A considerable proportion of patients (44%) reported symptoms of depression, with 21% were at high risk of major depressive disorder. Depression symptoms were significantly more common among females than males [PHQ-9 score &amp;ge; 10: 13 (92.9%) vs 1 (7.1%), respectively; p=0.004]. The majority of patients (71.2%) reported having problems with health-care services. Insufficient involvement in making treatment decisions was the most commonly reported concern (59.1%). Patients who reported problems in maintaining privacy, reaching out to their physicians, or receiving conflicting information from the medical staff, had more symptoms of depression compared with the satisfied ones (p&amp;lt; 0.05). On the other hand, those who were receiving sufficient support from the family, friends, or medical staff during quarantine, were less likely to have depression symptoms (p&amp;lt; 0.05). Furthermore, symptoms of depression were less in patients who stayed in touch with others using phone calls, texting, or social media (p=0.024).Conclusion: Symptoms of depression were common among both symptomatic and asymptomatic quarantined COVID-19 patients. The support of family, friends, and medical staff was an essential alleviating factor. Facilitating adequate communication may promote the mental well-being of COVID-19-infected patients and help in reducing the risk of depression during the in-hospital quarantine.Keywords: COVID-19, coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, quarantine, depression, psychological disorder</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, quarantine, covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, Depression, psychological disorder</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Psychology, Industrial psychology</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Therapeutic strategies in an outbreak scenario to treat the novel coronavirus originating in Wuhan, China [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]</text>
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                <text>Robert L. Kruse</text>
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                <text>A novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) originating in Wuhan, China presents a potential respiratory viral pandemic to the world population. Current efforts are focused on containment and quarantine of infected individuals. Ultimately, the outbreak could be controlled with a protective vaccine to prevent 2019-nCoV infection. While vaccine research should be pursued intensely, there exists today no therapy to treat 2019-nCoV upon infection, despite an urgent need to find options to help these patients and preclude potential death. Herein, I review the potential options to treat 2019-nCoV in patients, with an emphasis on the necessity for speed and timeliness in developing new and effective therapies in this outbreak. I consider the options of drug repurposing, developing neutralizing monoclonal antibody therapy, and an oligonucleotide strategy targeting the viral RNA genome, emphasizing the promise and pitfalls of these approaches. Finally, I advocate for the fastest strategy to develop a treatment now, which could be resistant to any mutations the virus may have in the future. The proposal is a biologic that blocks 2019-nCoV entry using a soluble version of the viral receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), fused to an immunoglobulin Fc domain (ACE2-Fc), providing a neutralizing antibody with maximal breath to avoid any viral escape, while also helping to recruit the immune system to build lasting immunity. The ACE2-Fc therapy would also supplement decreased ACE2 levels in the lungs during infection, thereby directly treating acute respiratory distress pathophysiology as a third mechanism of action. The sequence of the ACE2-Fc protein is provided to investigators, allowing its possible use in recombinant protein expression systems to start producing drug today to treat patients under compassionate use, while formal clinical trials are later undertaken. Such a treatment could help infected patients before a protective vaccine is developed and widely available in the coming months to year(s).</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Science, Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Spine Surgery: Precautions and Strategies to Minimize Perioperative Risks Amid COVID-19 Outbreak</text>
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                <text>Tzong-Jing Wang, Manabu Ito</text>
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                <text>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is an ongoing pandemic that has shocked the world. It has brought severe socioeconomic disruptions on a global scale that is unprecedented. On the frontline, the medical world is facing mounting pressure and challenges to clinical work. During this escalating worldwide crisis, spine care providers around the world are needing accurate and precise information on how surgical safety for themselves and the patients can be ensured. With the ultimate objective of formulating a standardized work process for spine practices, this article aimed to summarize some key principles from various international recommendations/consensus and combined evidence- and experience-based practice from medical communities around the world.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, spine surgery, perioperative precautions</text>
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                <text>10.22603/ssrr.2020-0076</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Surgery</text>
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                <text>Building Student Communities in Spite of the Pandemic</text>
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                <text>Viola Ardeni, Sara Dallavalle, Karolina Serafin</text>
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                <text>In times when the Humanities at large have suffered reductions in enrollments, the ability to build student communities has been seminal to the survival of many departments. Building student communities for language departments in particular includes planning conversation hours, movie nights, and cultural events aimed at attracting students and raising retention rates. The Covid-19 pandemic has forced departments across the country to modify not only their course formats, but also the events offered outside of the regular teaching schedule. In this article, we will discuss the shift that the Italian Language Program at Indiana University Bloomington decided to apply to our community building activities during and after the transition from in-person to an online mode of instruction. In order to translate several events planned for the rest of the spring semester into an online environment, we had to resort to the extensive use of social media, such as Instagram and Facebook. Moreover, it was necessary to find creative ways to completely rethink our outreach efforts while still being relevant. Through a tight collaboration among language instructors, we invented and implemented a series of new activities (such as online bingo and cooking lessons) as well as translated those that were crucial for our program to exist and thrive into an online environment. A Karaoke Project that was originally intended to be the highlight of the academic year presented the greatest challenge in organization and modification; and yet, with creativity and an open-minded attitude, we managed to successfully finish the project with high student participation.</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Theory and practice of education</text>
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                <text>All Aboard! Getting Faculty Mobilized for Emergency Online Teaching</text>
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                <text>Robin K. Morgan, Patrick A. Lach, Lisa M. Russell</text>
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                <text>This reflective essay describes steps taken by Business faculty in a U.S. Midwestern mid-sized regional university to assist faculty in making the rapid transition to 100% online teaching. These steps include the development of an online course template within the university’s course management system made available to all faculty with tips and video tutorials specifically tailored to business courses. The coronavirus pandemic forced faculty members at institutions across the world into teaching online in about two weeks. Many tenure-track professors and full-time instructors, who were required to complete extensive training prior to teaching online courses, were relatively well-prepared. In spite of this training, some instructors felt overwhelmed when the pandemic forced an immediate transition online. Adjunct instructors and some junior faculty were particularly affected. Consistent with the conservation of resources theory which suggests that individuals conserve their limited resources (e.g., time, money, etc.) to ensure availability when they are most needed, many instructors, particularly adjunct and junior faculty, were constrained by competing demands. Adjunct instructors often teach limited courses while maintaining full-time employment in their respective fields. Junior faculty also have limited resources due to service and publishing demands. The availability of a special online course helped these vulnerable faculty members make the rapid transition to emergency online teaching. This reflective essay also describes the results of a survey about this transition among both faculty and center for teaching and learning (CTL) staff. Lastly, we recommend strategies for CTLs and academic departments to prepare for future crises. “Deputizing” power-users in each academic unit to redistribute workloads during emergencies and sharing tips and tricks customized for their departments is one such strategy. Creating annual online training modules is another strategy to allow seamless transition to unexpected online teaching.</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>MAINTENANCE OF THE MOLDOVAN BANKING SECTOR STABILITY IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC</text>
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                <text>Anastasia BEJAN</text>
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                <text>The COVID-19 pandemic has distortedthe economic situation around the world,affecting the incomes of enterprises andconsumers. This fact also influences thefinancial situation of banks, given the keyrole of the banking system in accumulatingtemporarily free money from the economyand investing these resources in loans.In the current situation, the CentralBanks’ efforts from all over the world areaimed at ensuring the stability of the bankingsector, maintaining the financial intermediationand the functions of banks, aswell as mitigating the potential effects ofslowing economic growth.The present article examines themeasures taken by the Central Banks of theEuropean Union to mitigate the effects ofthe COVID-19 pandemic, the actions takenby the National Bank of Moldova in thiscontext and as well the measures needed tobe taken forwards by the commercial banksto preserve their capital and liquidity.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>covid-19, risk, stability, financial crisis, central bank, banking sector</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Economics as a science</text>
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