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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Rethinking rules and social practices. The design of urban spaces in the post-Covid-19 lockdown</text>
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                <text>Maria Rosaria Stufano Melone, Stefano Borgo</text>
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                <text>In the last months a pandemic has changed the daily life of billions of people. Among the efforts to reduce the impact of the disease, social distancing has had huge consequences and raised may concerns, from the inadequacy of contemporary urban design to the social inequality of national and regional lockdown. This paper focuses on the consequences that this experience is having on the design of urban public and private areas. Everybody admits that our cities are going to change but, beside the first quick adaptation to social distancing, it is unclear how to rethink today’s urban areas. We start from our previous work on the classification of architectural rules and on the study of how creativity is expressed via architectural rules, to discuss the principles and social aspects of newly proposed designs. The motivation for this analysis is to investigate and raise awareness of the consequences of changes in social practices: given that we are in need for new structures and service organization, we can still make choices and should balance the positive and negative aspects of these design alternatives. The community should be aware, as much as possible, of the intrinsic forces that novel solutions exert on our social system and urban environment. This work shows just one way to analyse architectural design, and should be considered as a contribution to a much needed broad and inclusive discussion about how we want urban spaces to be.</text>
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                <text>architecture, city, social practice, Rule, Ontological Analysis</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.6092/1970-9870/6923</text>
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                <text>TeMA: Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment</text>
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                <text>Università di Napoli Federico II</text>
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                <text>Transportation engineering, Urbanization. City and country</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Virucity. Rethinking the urban system</text>
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                <text>Romano Fistola, Dino Borri</text>
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                <text>The paper focuses attention on three fundamental points. The first one concerns an analysis of the urban condition perceived and detected directly by the observation of the city suddenly deprived of the fruition component and characterized by the functional reset of urban activities with the exception of health functions. The second element is attributable to a systemic interpretation of the phenomenon through the analysis of the effects on urban subsystems produced by the pandemic, recalling the holistic approach to the study of urban phenomena. The third element concerns the envisaging of possible post-virus urban scenarios for which a significant bifurcation is foreseen: on the one hand, if the virus produced a rethinking of life models and the need for new ways of acting and interacting in the city we could imagine an urban future characterized by a general rebalancing of anthropic contexts; on the other hand, if the desire to return to entropic and energy-consuming models will prevail, we will continue to witness the slow degradation of human and natural habitats that will lead to the “right” extinction of human beings. These alternatives underlie a series of dilemmas that the paper emphasizes as structuring elements of possible future urban scenarios, highlighting the fundamental role of urban scientists and planners.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Urban system, COVID-19, post-pandemic scenarios, city risk</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.6092/1970-9870/6971</text>
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                <text>TeMA: Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment</text>
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                <text>Università di Napoli Federico II</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Transportation engineering, Urbanization. City and country</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Strongly Heterogeneous Transmission of COVID-19 in Mainland China: Local and Regional Variation</text>
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                <text>Peter Teunis, Yuke Wang</text>
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                <text>Background: The outbreak of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started in the city of Wuhan, China, with a period of rapid initial spread. Transmission on a regional and then national scale was promoted by intense travel during the holiday period of the Chinese New Year. We studied the variation in transmission of COVID-19, locally in Wuhan, as well as on a larger spatial scale, among different cities and even among provinces in mainland China.Methods: In addition to reported numbers of new cases, we have been able to assemble detailed contact data for some of the initial clusters of COVID-19. This enabled estimation of the serial interval for clinical cases, as well as reproduction numbers for small and large regions.Findings: We estimated the average serial interval was 4.8 days. For early transmission in Wuhan, any infectious case produced as many as four new cases, transmission outside Wuhan was less intense, with reproduction numbers below two. During the rapid growth phase of the outbreak the region of Wuhan city acted as a hot spot, generating new cases upon contact, while locally, in other provinces, transmission was low.Interpretation: COVID-19 is capable of spreading very rapidly. The sizes of outbreak in provinces of mainland China mainly depended on the numbers of cases imported from Wuhan as the local reproduction numbers were low. The COVID-19 epidemic should be controllable with appropriate interventions (suspension of public transportation, cancellation of mass gatherings, implementation of surveillance and testing, and promotion of personal hygiene and face mask use).</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Transmission, Reproduction number, serial interval, COVID-19, Novel coronavirus disease</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00329</text>
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                <text>Frontiers in Medicine</text>
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                <text>Frontiers Media S.A.</text>
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                <text>Medicine (General)</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>A Review on the Novel Coronavirus Disease based on In-silico Analysis of Various Drugs and Target Proteins</text>
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                <text>Hetalkumar Panchal, Hiren A. Dhameliya, Gauravi N. Trivedi, Janhavi T. Karlekar</text>
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                <text>Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is a new disease that emerged in Wuhan, China which spreads throughclose contact of people, often by small droplets produced during coughing or sneezing. Detail mechanismby which it spreads between people are under investigation. The World Health Organization (WHO)declared this disease as a pandemic after the severity of the disease increased. Many scientific reportsgathered have suggested many drugs that could be potential candidates for the treatment. Although,clinical effectiveness has not been fully evaluated. In this review, we have aggregated the data fromfew research articles, official news websites and few review papers regarding its phylogenetic relation,genomic constitution, transmission, replication and in-silico analysis done by researchers for fewpotent drugs that are currently used to cure COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 belongs to Betacoronavirus genuswith Genome structure consists 14 Open Reading Frames (ORFs) that encode 27 proteins. Coronavirusreplicates into the host cells having unique mechanisms like ribosome frame-shifting and synthesisof genomic and sub genomic RNAs. In-silico methods have the advantage that they can make fastpredictions for a large set of compounds in a high-throughput mode and also make their predictionbased on the structure of a compound even before it has been synthesized. In-silico softwares havebeen used to find or to improve a novel bioactive compound, which may exhibit a strong affinity to aparticular target in the drug development process.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Pandemic, WHO, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.22207/JPAM.14.SPL1.22</text>
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                <text>Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology</text>
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                <text>Microbiology</text>
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                <text>Development and Validation of a Rapid, Single-Step Reverse Transcriptase Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (RT-LAMP) System Potentially to Be Used for Reliable and High-Throughput Screening of COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Jian Yu, Cornelia Lass-Flörl, Hua Fang, Xiaojing Li, Wenjie Fang, Weihua Pan, Wanqing Liao, Hao Pei, Li Yan-Ling, Minghua Jiang, Farnaz Daneshnia, Amir Arasthfer</text>
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                <text>Objectives: Development and validation of a single-step and accurate reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique (RT-LAMP) for rapid identification of SARS-CoV-2 relative to commercial quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays to allow prompt initiation of proper medical care and containment of virus spread.Methods: Primers showing optimal in-silico features were subjected to analytical sensitivity and specificity to assess the limit of detection (LOD) and cross-reaction with closely- and distantly-related viral species, and clinically prominent bacterial and fungal species. In order to evaluate the clinical utility, our RT-LAMP was subjected to a large number of clinical samples, including 213 negative and 47 positive patients, relative to two commercial quantitative RT-PCR assays.Results: The analytical specificity and sensitivity of our assay was 100% and 500 copies/ml when serial dilution was performed in both water and sputum. Subjecting our RT-LAMP assay to clinical samples showed a high degree of specificity (99.5%), sensitivity (91.4%), positive predictive value (97.7%), and negative predictive value (98.1%) when used relative to qRT-PCR. Our RT-LAMP assay was two times faster than qRT-PCR and is storable at room temperature. A suspected case that later became positive tested positive using both our RT-LAMP and the two qRT-PCR assays, which shows the capability of our assay for screening purposes.Conclusions: We present a rapid RT-LAMP assay that could extend the capacity of laboratories to process two times more clinical samples relative to qRT-PCR and potentially could be used for high-throughput screening purposes when demand is increasing at critical situations.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>qRT-PCR, RT-LAMP, diagnostic test, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00331</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37403">
                <text>Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37404">
                <text>Frontiers Media S.A.</text>
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                <text>Microbiology</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Chest Computed Tomography Findings in COVID-19 and Influenza: A Narrative Review</text>
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                <text>Stephen O. Onigbinde, Robert Hage, Ademola S. Ojo, Linwald Fleary</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Objective. The COVID-19 pandemic and annual influenza epidemic are responsible for thousands of deaths globally. With a similarity in clinical as well as laboratory findings, there is a need to differentiate these two conditions on chest CT scan. This paper attempts to use existing literature to draw out differences in chest CT findings in COVID-19 and influenza. Methods. A search was conducted using PubMed. 17 original studies on chest CT findings in COVID-19 and influenza were identified for full-text review and data analysis. Findings. COVID-19 and influenza share similar chest CT findings. The differences found show that COVID-19 ground-glass opacities are usually peripherally located with the lower lobes being commonly involved, while influenza has a central, peripheral, or random distribution usually affecting the five lobes. Vascular engorgement, pleural thickening, and subpleural lines were reported in COVID-19 patients. In contrast, pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax were reported only in studies on influenza. Conclusion and Relevance. COVID-19 and influenza have overlapping chest CT features with few differences which can assist in telling apart the two pathologies. Additional studies are needed to further define the differences and degree between COVID-19 and influenza.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1155/2020/6928368</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>BioMed Research International</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Hindawi Limited</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Artificial Intelligence in the Agri-Food System: Rethinking Sustainable Business Models in the COVID-19 Scenario</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37381">
                <text>Assunta Di Vaio, Loris Landriani, Flavio Boccia, Rosa Palladino</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37382">
                <text>The aim of the paper is to investigate the artificial intelligence (AI) function in agri-food industry, as well as the role of stakeholders in its supply chain. Above all, from the beginning of the new millennium, scholars and practitioners have paid an increasing attention to artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in operational processes management and challenges for new business models, in a sustainable and socially responsible perspective. Thus, the stakeholders can assume a proactive or marginal role in the value creation for business, according to their own environmental awareness. These issues appear still “open” in some industries, such as the agri-food system, where the adoption of new technologies requires rethinking and redesigning the whole business model. Methodologically, we brought forward an in-depth review of the literature about major articles in this field. Especially, the study has been conducted following two phases: firstly, we extracted from scientific databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar) and studied relevant articles; secondly, we analyzed the selected articles. The findings highlight interesting issues about AI towards a “space economy” to achieve sustainable and responsible business models, also in the perspective of the COVID-19 pandemic scenario. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37383">
                <text>2020</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37384">
                <text>Environmental awareness, Literature review, environmental space, stakeholder, space economy</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37385">
                <text>DOI: 10.3390/su12124851</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37386">
                <text>Sustainability</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37387">
                <text>MDPI AG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37388">
                <text>Environmental sciences, Renewable energy sources, Environmental effects of industries and plants</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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                <text>Review of therapeutic agents for the treatment of COVID-19</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37372">
                <text>Shadi Ziaie, Sara Salarian, Mehrdad Haghighi, Mirmohammad Miri, Mohammad Sistanizad, Seyedpouzhia Shojaei, Mehran Koucheck</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>In late December 2019, a cluster of unexplained pneumonia cases has been reported in Wuhan, China, named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) which has been spreading in 204 countries. In this review, the mains pharmaceutical option quoted previously and especially available for ICU patients are reviewed.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>immunomodulators, antiviral, Pharmacotherapy, COVID-19</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>DOI: 10.22037/jcma.v5i1.29760</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37377">
                <text>Journal of Cellular and Molecular Anesthesia</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37378">
                <text>Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Anesthesiology</text>
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  <item itemId="4085" public="1" featured="0">
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Atypical Presentation of COVID-19: Acute Renal Failure</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37364">
                <text>Metin Akgun, Bugra Kerget, Nazim Dogan</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.5152/eurasianjmed.2020.20134</text>
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                <text>Eurasian Journal of Medicine</text>
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                <text>Medicine (General)</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Cerebrovascular Disease in Patients with COVID-19: A Review of the Literature and Case Series</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Fábio A. Nascimento, David Chiu, Abhay Kumar, Sean I. Savitz, Chintan Shah, Nicole Gonzales, Vivek Misra, Peter Kan, Ritvij Bowry, Sujan T. Reddy, Tanu Garg, Rajeel Imran, Andrew Barreto, John Volpi, Rajan Gadhia</text>
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                <text>COVID-19 has been associated with a hypercoagulable state causing cardiovascular and neurovascular complications. To further characterize cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in COVID-19, we review the current literature of published cases and additionally report the clinical presentation, laboratory and diagnostic testing results of 12 cases with COVID-19 infection and concurrent CVD from two academic medical centers in Houston, TX, USA, between March 1 and May 10, 2020. To date, there are 12 case studies reporting 47 cases of CVD in COVID-19. However, only 4 small case series have described the clinical and laboratory findings in patients with COVID-19 and concurrent stroke. Viral neurotropism, endothelial dysfunction, coagulopathy and inflammation are plausible proposed mechanisms of CVD in COVID-19 patients. In our case series of 12 patients, 10 patients had an ischemic stroke, of which 1 suffered hemorrhagic transformation and two had intracerebral hemorrhage. Etiology was determined to be embolic without a clear cause identified in 6 ischemic stroke patients, while the remaining had an identifiable source of stroke. The majority of the patients had elevated inflammatory markers such as D-dimer and interleukin-6. In patients with embolic stroke of unclear etiology, COVID-19 may have played a direct or indirect role in the processes that eventually led to the strokes while in the remaining cases, it is unclear if infection contributed partially or was an incidental finding.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Stroke, cerebrovascular disease, coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, APLs</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1159/000508958</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37360">
                <text>Case Reports in Neurology</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37361">
                <text>Karger Publishers</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37362">
                <text>Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system</text>
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