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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>Automatic Coregistration Algorithm to Remove Canopy Shaded Pixels in UAV-Borne Thermal Images to Improve the Estimation of Crop Water Stress Index of a Drip-Irrigated Cabernet Sauvignon Vineyard</text>
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                <text>Tomas Poblete, Samuel Ortega-Farías, Dongryeol Ryu</text>
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                <text>Water stress caused by water scarcity has a negative impact on the wine industry. Several strategies have been implemented for optimizing water application in vineyards. In this regard, midday stem water potential (SWP) and thermal infrared (TIR) imaging for crop water stress index (CWSI) have been used to assess plant water stress on a vine-by-vine basis without considering the spatial variability. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-borne TIR images are used to assess the canopy temperature variability within vineyards that can be related to the vine water status. Nevertheless, when aerial TIR images are captured over canopy, internal shadow canopy pixels cannot be detected, leading to mixed information that negatively impacts the relationship between CWSI and SWP. This study proposes a methodology for automatic coregistration of thermal and multispectral images (ranging between 490 and 900 nm) obtained from a UAV to remove shadow canopy pixels using a modified scale invariant feature transformation (SIFT) computer vision algorithm and Kmeans++ clustering. Our results indicate that our proposed methodology improves the relationship between CWSI and SWP when shadow canopy pixels are removed from a drip-irrigated Cabernet Sauvignon vineyard. In particular, the coefficient of determination (R2) increased from 0.64 to 0.77. In addition, values of the root mean square error (RMSE) and standard error (SE) decreased from 0.2 to 0.1 MPa and 0.24 to 0.16 MPa, respectively. Finally, this study shows that the negative effect of shadow canopy pixels was higher in those vines with water stress compared with well-watered vines.</text>
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                <text>2018</text>
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                <text>Shadow removal, UAV, crop water stress index (CWSI), midday stem water potential, multispectral and thermal automatic coregistration</text>
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                <text>10.3390/s18020397</text>
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                <text>Sensors</text>
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                <text>Chemical technology</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/2/397" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/18/2/397&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>Automation in irrigation process in family farm with Arduino platform</text>
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                <text>Kianne Crystie Bezerra da Cunha, Rodrigo Vilela da Rocha</text>
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                <text>The small farmers tend not to use mechanical inputs in the irrigation process due to the high cost than conventional irrigation systems have and in other cases, the lack of knowledge and technical guidance makes the farmer theme using the system. Thus, all control and monitoring are made by hand without the aid of machines and this practice can lead to numerous problems from poor irrigation, and water waste, energy, and deficits in production. It is difficult to deduce when to irrigate, or how much water applied in cultivation, measure the soil temperature variables, temperature, and humidity, etc. The objective of this work is to implement an automated irrigation system aimed at family farming that is low cost and accessible to the farmer. The system will be able to monitor all parameters from irrigation. For this to occur, the key characteristics of family farming, Arduino platform, and irrigation were analyzed.</text>
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                <text>2016</text>
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                <text>Arduino, Automação, irrigação, sensores</text>
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                <text>Revista Eletrônica Competências Digitais para Agricultura Familiar</text>
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                <text>Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho</text>
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                <text>Agriculture (General)</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://codaf.tupa.unesp.br:8082/index.php/recodaf/article/view/13" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://codaf.tupa.unesp.br:8082/index.php/recodaf/article/view/13&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Automobilities after SARS-CoV-2: A Socio-Technical Perspective</text>
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                <text>Liqiao Wang, Peter Wells</text>
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                <text>This paper presents an analysis, informed by socio-technical transitions theory and the socially derived concept of automobility, of the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and resulting COVID-19 pandemic on automobility in Europe. The paper argues that the concept of a pervasive, sudden, and powerful crisis has not previously be explored in the socio-technical transitions literature. The strong behavioural changes in physical and virtual mobility associated with the pandemic are argued to be particularly significant, representing a ‘living lab’ in which to explore the possibilities for disintegrating the boundaries of the automobility system, thereby breaking the enduring structures and practices that have enabled automobility to remain largely unchallenged in the policy arena. Change processes previously underway in the automotive industry and in automobility are not impacted equally by the pandemic. We present initial evidence that mobility sharing will reduce, while the acceptance of electric cars will increase. However, it is also concluded that the hegemony of private automobility is not in itself threatened by pandemic outcomes.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, Europe, Pandemic, futures, automobility, crisis events</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable energy sources, Environmental sciences</text>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>Giorgia Martini</text>
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                <text>L'articolo cerca di restituire il senso della prospettiva ecologica di Ivan Illich, pensatore e critico radicale della modernità, che egli cosidera l'esito del pervertimento del messaggio evangelico, operato dalla Chiesa romana. L'industrializzazione, conepita come effetto ultimo di quel tradimento, condanna l'essere umano a una condizione di dipendenza e subalternità rispetto alle merci prodotte sul mercato e ai servizi offerti dalle categorie di esperti competenti. In questo modo egli compromette, secondo Illich, il proprio rapporto con gli altri e con la Terra come sua dimora, rinchiudendosi nel guscio della propria individualità, prigioniero dei bisogni creati dal mercato. Ristabilire l'equilibrio ecologico per Illich è possibile solo attraverso un cambiamento sostanziale dei ritmi produttivi, per restituire all'uomo la padronanza degli strumenti e con essa la propria autonomia. </text>
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                <text>Autonomia, Ivan Illich, Modernità, ecología, strumenti</text>
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                <text>Nóema</text>
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                <text>Università degli Studi di Milano</text>
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                <text>Speculative philosophy, Metaphysics</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/noema/article/view/15647" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/noema/article/view/15647&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused unprecedented morbidity, mortality and global disruption. Following the initial surge of infections, focus shifted to managing the longer-term sequelae of illness in survivors. 'Post-acute COVID' (known colloquially as 'long COVID') is emerging as a prevalent syndrome. It encompasses a plethora of debilitating symptoms (including breathlessness, chest pain, palpitations and orthostatic intolerance) which can last for weeks or more following mild illness. We describe a series of individuals with symptoms of 'long COVID', and we posit that this condition may be related to a virus- or immune-mediated disruption of the autonomic nervous system resulting in orthostatic intolerance syndromes. We suggest that all physicians should be equipped to recognise such cases, appreciate the symptom burden and provide supportive management. We present our rationale for an underlying impaired autonomic physiology post-COVID-19 and suggest means of management.</text>
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                <text>Emma C Cheshire, Roger D G Malcomson, Guy N Rutty</text>
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                <text>During the Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is still a requirement for post-mortems to continue, including those examinations performed in the context of medico-legal investigations. Currently, very little is known about how long this coronavirus can survive in deceased human bodies or whether un-embalmed human cadavers can be contagious to people who handle them. Therefore, it would appear to be prudent to consider implementation of additional safety measures for all necessary post-mortem procedures. During the post-mortem examination of babies and young children, it is important to open the calvarium to enable visualization of the brain and its coverings, particularly in cases where a head injury is likely to have occurred. Since October 2013, the use of neurosurgical equipment to open the calvarium during infant and young child autopsies has become routine practice in our unit. Both the neurosurgical craniotome and a standard oscillating mortuary saw produce particulate matter consisting of bone and body fluids (including blood) which can become aerosolized. Within this paper, we discuss the use of a transparent plastic tent whilst opening the calvarium during pediatric post-mortems, to reduce the spread of aerosols into the mortuary environment.</text>
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                <text>10.1007/s12024-021-00368-y</text>
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                <text>Autopsy findings in COVID-19-related deaths: a literature review.</text>
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                <text>Aniello Maiese, Alice Chiara Manetti, Raffaele La Russa, Marco Di Paolo, Emanuela Turillazzi, Paola Frati, Vittorio Fineschi</text>
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                <text>Although many clinical reports have been published, little is known about the pathological post-mortem findings from people who have died of the novel coronavirus disease. The need for postmortem information is urgent to improve patient management of mild and severe illness, and treatment strategies. The present systematic review was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA) standards. A systematic literature search and a critical review of the collected studies were conducted. An electronic search of PubMed, Science Direct Scopus, Google Scholar, and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) from database inception to June 2020 was performed. We found 28 scientific papers; the total amount of cases is 341. The major histological feature in the lung is diffuse alveolar damage with hyaline membrane formation, alongside microthrombi in small pulmonary vessels. It appears that there is a high incidence of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism among COVID-19 decedents, suggesting endothelial involvement, but more studies are needed. A uniform COVID-19 post-mortem diagnostic protocol has not yet been developed. In a time in which international collaboration is essential, standardized diagnostic criteria are fundamental requirements.</text>
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                <text>covid-19, pathophysiology, autopsy, Findings</text>
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                <text>10.1007/s12024-020-00310-8</text>
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                <text>Forensic science, medicine, and pathology</text>
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                <text>Available Antiretrovirals in the Treatment and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2: Quo Vadis?</text>
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                <text>Miguel Alpalhão, Paulo Filipe</text>
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                <text>Intervirology</text>
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                <text>Available Evidence and Ongoing Clinical Trials of Remdesivir: Could It Be a Promising Therapeutic Option for COVID-19?</text>
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                <text>Mekonnen Sisay</text>
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                <text>The novel coronavirus strain, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the causative agent of COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and is skyrocketing throughout the globe and become a global public health emergency. Despite promising preventive measures being taken, there is no vaccine or drug therapy officially approved to prevent or treat the infection. Everybody is waiting the findings of ongoing clinical trials in various chemical and biological products. This review is specifically aimed to summarize the available evidence and ongoing clinical trials of remdesivir as a potential therapeutic option for COVID-19. Remdesivir is an investigational drug having broad spectrum antiviral activity with its target RNA dependent RNA polymerase. It has not yet been officially approved for Ebola and Coronaviruses. Several studies showed that remdesivir had promising in vitro and in vivo antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV strains. On the top of this, it exhibited a promising in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2 strains though there are no published studies that substantiate its activity in vivo until the time of this review. There are few phase 3 randomized double-blind placebo controlled trials on the way to investigate the safety and efficacy of remdesivir. Of which, one completed double blind, placebo controlled trial showed that remdesivir showed faster time to clinical improvement in severe COVID-19 patients compared to placebo though not found statistically significant. In addition, two phase 3 randomized open label clinical trials coordinated by Gilead Sciences are being conducted. In addition, WHO Solidarity trial and INSERM DisCoVeRy trials (randomized open labels) were launched recently.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44787">
                <text>Mekonnen Sisay</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44788">
                <text>The novel coronavirus strain, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2, the causative agent of COVID-19 emerged in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and is skyrocketing throughout the globe and become a global public health emergency. Despite promising preventive measures being taken, there is no vaccine or drug therapy officially approved to prevent or treat the infection. Everybody is waiting the findings of ongoing clinical trials in various chemical and biological products. This review is specifically aimed to summarize the available evidence and ongoing clinical trials of remdesivir as a potential therapeutic option for COVID-19. Remdesivir is an investigational drug having broad spectrum antiviral activity with its target RNA dependent RNA polymerase. It has not yet been officially approved for Ebola and Coronaviruses. Several studies showed that remdesivir had promising in vitro and in vivo antiviral activities against SARS-CoV-1 and MERS-CoV strains. On the top of this, it exhibited a promising in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2 strains though there are no published studies that substantiate its activity in vivo until the time of this review. There are few phase 3 randomized double-blind placebo controlled trials on the way to investigate the safety and efficacy of remdesivir. Of which, one completed double blind, placebo controlled trial showed that remdesivir showed faster time to clinical improvement in severe COVID-19 patients compared to placebo though not found statistically significant. In addition, two phase 3 randomized open label clinical trials coordinated by Gilead Sciences are being conducted. In addition, WHO Solidarity trial and INSERM DisCoVeRy trials (randomized open labels) were launched recently.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44789">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44790">
                <text>covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, Remdesivir, RdRp, GS-5734</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44791">
                <text>10.3389/fphar.2020.00791</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44792">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44793">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44794">
                <text>Therapeutics. Pharmacology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
