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                <text>SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa - 2. La democrazia in pericolo? - 3. La libertà religiosa tra Costituzione e Concordato - 4. Sulla libertas Ecclesiae e sulle regole del diritto internazionale - 5. Le trattative diplomatiche de facto tra la CEI e il Governo e il dibattito pubblico - 6. Il FEC e il (mancato) trasferimento della proprietà delle chiese con personalità giuridica in favore dell’autorità ecclesiastica: un case study.  Trifles for a pandemic  ABSTRACT: The emergency regulations for the containment of Covid-19 as well as affecting religious freedom (art. 19 of the Italian Constitution) can also be relevant from the point of view of the bilaterality of the pact between the Italian State and the Holy See by opening up to the principles of international law and the Vienna Convention the entrance to the list of instruments that can be applied for the solution of the problem, alongside the usual pragmatic instruments of realpolitik.</text>
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                <text>Stato, Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale</text>
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                <text>Rodrigo Ruano, Gabriele Tonni, Olivier Picone, Ayssa Teles Abrao Trad, Elena Carreras, Mark Kilby, Ramon Escuriet, Regan Theiler, Anna Suy, Kavita Narang, Eniola R. Ibirogba, Amro Elrefaei, Roseli Nomura</text>
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                <text>Since the declaration of the global pandemic of COVID-19 by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020, we have continued to see a steady rise in the number of patients infected by SARS-CoV-2. However, there is still very limited data on the course and outcomes of this serious infection in a vulnerable population of pregnant patients and their fetuses. International perinatal societies and institutions including SMFM, ACOG, RCOG, ISUOG, CDC, CNGOF, ISS/SIEOG, and CatSalut have released guidelines for the care of these patients. We aim to summarize these current guidelines in a comprehensive review for patients, healthcare workers, and healthcare institutions. We included 15 papers from 10 societies through a literature search of direct review of society’s websites and their journal publications up till 20 April 2020. Recommendations specific to antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum were abstracted from the publications and summarized into Tables. The summary of guidelines for the management of COVID-19 in pregnancy across different perinatal societies is fairly consistent, with some variation in the strength of recommendations. It is important to recognize that these guidelines are frequently updated, as we continue to learn more about the course and impact of COVID-19 in pregnancy.</text>
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                <text>The 2019 novel coronavirus (renamed SARS-CoV-2, and generally referred to as the COVID-19 virus) has spread to 184 countries with over 1.5 million confirmed cases. Such major viral outbreaks demand early elucidation of taxonomic classification and origin of the virus genomic sequence, for strategic planning, containment, and treatment. This paper identifies an intrinsic COVID-19 virus genomic signature and uses it together with a machine learning-based alignment-free approach for an ultra-fast, scalable, and highly accurate classification of whole COVID-19 virus genomes. The proposed method combines supervised machine learning with digital signal processing (MLDSP) for genome analyses, augmented by a decision tree approach to the machine learning component, and a Spearman's rank correlation coefficient analysis for result validation. These tools are used to analyze a large dataset of over 5000 unique viral genomic sequences, totalling 61.8 million bp, including the 29 COVID-19 virus sequences available on January 27, 2020. Our results support a hypothesis of a bat origin and classify the COVID-19 virus as Sarbecovirus, within Betacoronavirus. Our method achieves 100% accurate classification of the COVID-19 virus sequences, and discovers the most relevant relationships among over 5000 viral genomes within a few minutes, ab initio, using raw DNA sequence data alone, and without any specialized biological knowledge, training, gene or genome annotations. This suggests that, for novel viral and pathogen genome sequences, this alignment-free whole-genome machine-learning approach can provide a reliable real-time option for taxonomic classification.</text>
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                <text>Greetings!  This year marks the 64th year of the Philippine Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. It is a defining year, marked by both national and international events that changed and will most likely continue to change medical practice, public health policy, socio-economic concepts and structures. The SARS-coronavirus-2 (COVID-19) pandemic crashed into the first quarter of 2020 unannounced and with great fury. This great unknown served as the impetus for a flurry of research into every aspect of the disease – its origins, biology, clinical course, and treatment. It initiated an unprecedented interest in research, not just among scientists and clinicians, but most especially amongst the general population.  But what is RESEARCH? Re-search - to look again at the past with spectacles, to look at the past with new eyes, to look at the present with a microscope, and to look at the far distance with binoculars – all to better see &amp; perhaps to find answers to our questions. Research fuels the evidence base of our understanding of diseases and the principles of our clinical and surgical practice. Our specialty of Otolaryngology, during this time of the pandemic, will be at the forefront of an exciting time for a renewed quest for knowledge. And what better vehicle to transport us into this new and uncharted world than the Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery? It is a testament to the unparalleled dedication of the editor-in-chief and editorial staff and the enthusiasm of the contributors, that every year the PJOHNS publishes interesting case reports, relevant descriptive and analytical studies, papers on surgical techniques &amp; instrument innovations, and insightful commentaries.  The journal is a platform for our questions and hypotheses. The journal is a venue for our discoveries. But most importantly, the journal is a celebration of our passion for Otolaryngology.                  Good reading to all!     Cecilia Gretchen S. Navarro – Locsin, MD  President  Philippine Society of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery</text>
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                <text>Pandemic, research activities</text>
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                <text>SEIR Modeling of the Italian Epidemic of SARS-CoV-2 Using Computational Swarm Intelligence</text>
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                <text>We applied a generalized SEIR epidemiological model to the recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in the world, with a focus on Italy and its Lombardy, Piedmont, and Veneto regions. We focused on the application of a stochastic approach in fitting the model parameters using a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) solver, to improve the reliability of predictions in the medium term (30 days). We analyzed the official data and the predicted evolution of the epidemic in the Italian regions, and we compared the results with the data and predictions of Spain and South Korea. We linked the model equations to the changes in people’s mobility, with reference to Google’s COVID-19 Community Mobility Reports. We discussed the effectiveness of policies taken by different regions and countries and how they have an impact on past and future infection scenarios.</text>
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                <text>Italy, stochastic modeling, swarm intelligence, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, SEIR modeling</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103535</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                <text>How to Influence Rural Tourism Intention by Risk Knowledge during COVID-19 Containment in China: Mediating Role of Risk Perception and Attitude</text>
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                <text>Hui Zhu, Fumin Deng</text>
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                <text>With both cost and safety taken into account in the context of the life-threatening COVID-19 pandemic globally, rural tourism is expected to be the top choice for Chinese residents for relaxation and enhancing parent-child relationships. In this paper, a structural equation (SEM) model was proposed to compare risk knowledge, risk perception, risk aversion attitudes and behavioral intentions towards rural tourism. According to the empirical results, there was a large proportion of tourists showing preference for rural tourism recently. Potential participants in rural tourism paid most attention to the performance realization and time cost of scenic spots, while the psycho-social risk posed by COVID-19 had little impact. The inherent risk nature of risk aversion attitudes made knowledge of the pneumonia risk less effective in reducing tourists’ intentions, while knowledge of the pneumonia risk was more effective in alleviating the risk perception that potential tourists have towards rural tourism. With regard to travel intention and recommendation intention of rural tourism, the negative impacts of risk aversion attitude were more considerable compared to risk perception. Meanwhile, the parallel mediating effect of risk perception and risk aversion attitude in rural tourism needed to be taken into consideration together.</text>
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                <text>rural tourism, risk knowledge, tourism risk perception, risk aversion attitude, knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAB)</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17103514</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</text>
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                <text>In Search of Wise Management of Medical Resources and Personnel in the Long Combat With Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Bin Zhang, Yi-ru Hu, Mingqia Wang</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2020.00040</text>
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                <text>Frontiers in Sociology</text>
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                <text>Frontiers Media S.A.</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Three Novel COVID-19 Pneumonia Cases Successfully Treated With Lopinavir/Ritonavir</text>
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                <text>Yoko Takayama, Kunihiro Yamaoka, Takayuki Hoshiyama, Tatsuhiko Wada, Kosuke Shimode</text>
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                <text>Following the first case of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2), in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, it has spread worldwide. An outbreak in Japan occurred on a cruise ship, and this was followed by community-acquired COVID-19. Herein, we report three cases of COVID-19 that presented pneumonia following admission to Kitasato University Hospital. Patients were admitted based on the positive result of real-time reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests for COVID-19 nucleic acid. All patients were diagnosed as suffering from non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia and were successfully treated with Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/r). LPV/r could be an option for treating non-severe COVID-19 pneumonia in general and even in elderly patients.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00241</text>
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                <text>Frontiers in Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="25400">
                <text>The Impact of the Control Measures during the COVID-19 Outbreak on Air Pollution in China</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25401">
                <text>Ying Li, Zhengqiang Li, Gerrit de Leeuw, Jie Guang, Cheng Fan, Mona Allam, Abdelrazek Elnashar</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus in Wuhan, China, in January 2020 just before the Spring Festival and subsequent country-wide measures to contain the virus, effectively resulted in the lock-down of the country. Most industries and businesses were closed, traffic was largely reduced, and people were restrained to their homes. This resulted in the reduction of emissions of trace gases and aerosols, the concentrations of which were strongly reduced in many cities around the country. Satellite imagery from the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) showed an enormous reduction of tropospheric NO2 concentrations, but aerosol optical depth (AOD), as a measure of the amount of aerosols, was less affected, likely due to the different formation mechanisms and the influence of meteorological factors. In this study, satellite data and ground-based observations were used together to estimate the separate effects of the Spring Festival and the COVID-19 containment measures on atmospheric composition in the winter of 2020. To achieve this, data were analyzed for a period from 30 days before to 60 days after the Spring Festivals in 2017–2020. This extended period of time, including similar periods in previous years, were selected to account for both the decreasing concentrations in response to air pollution control measures, and meteorological effects on concentrations of trace gases and aerosols. Satellite data from TROPOMI provided the spatial distributions over mainland China of the tropospheric vertical column density (VCD) of NO2, and VCD of SO2 and CO. The MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) provided the aerosol optical depth (AOD). The comparison of the satellite data for different periods showed a large reduction of, e.g., NO2 tropospheric VCDs due to the Spring Festival of up to 80% in some regions, and an additional reduction due to the COVID-19 containment measures of up to 70% in highly populated areas with intensive anthropogenic activities. In other areas, both effects are very small. Ground-based in situ observations from 26 provincial capitals provided concentrations of NO2, SO2, CO, O3, PM2.5, and PM10. The analysis of these data was focused on the situation in Wuhan, based on daily averaged concentrations. The NO2 concentrations started to decrease a few days before the Spring Festival and increased after about two weeks, except in 2020 when they continued to be low. SO2 concentrations behaved in a similar way, whereas CO, PM2.5, and PM10 also decreased during the Spring Festival but did not trace NO2 concentrations as SO2 did. As could be expected from atmospheric chemistry considerations, O3 concentrations increased. The analysis of the effects of the Spring Festival and the COVID-19 containment measures was complicated due to meteorological influences. Uncertainties contributing to the estimates of the different effects on the trace gas concentrations are discussed. The situation in Wuhan is compared with that in 26 provincial capitals based on 30-day averages for four years, showing different effects across China.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="25403">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25404">
                <text>air pollution, spring festival, COVID-19</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25405">
                <text>DOI: 10.3390/rs12101613</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="25406">
                <text>Remote Sensing</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="25407">
                <text>MDPI AG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="25408">
                <text>Science</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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