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                <text>The coronavirus pandemic has been affecting many countries in the world over the past six months. Nowhere sees the light at the end of the tunnel. Precautionary measures, lockdown, as well as control of crowd gathering and movement have been implemented by all governments, with the sacrifice of economic activities. It is interesting to review how things were happening in North America where the United States has been hard hit by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), scoring over two million confirmed cases and about 120 thousand deaths at the top of the list of the world. Canada ranked eighteenth with about 100 thousand cases and just about 8 thousand deaths. Both the cases and deaths per capita are lower in Canada, which shares the same border and similar culture with the United States. Seattle and Vancouver have some of the highest incomes and educational levels in both countries. These two West coast cities are only 200 kilometres apart and are near the U.S.-Canada border. They are selected for this review to study the different approaches in managing the COVID-19 pandemic.</text>
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                <text>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has influenced undergraduate medical education in various ways already. In affected countries, educators and their teams were faced with a rapidly changing situation that made traditional ways of curriculum delivery impossible and required alternative approaches. Exams have also been affected and a cohort of students has graduated early and now joins the workforce. There is also concern for the next academic year should the pandemic last longer. In this paper we aim to describe wider implications of the pandemic beyond current curriculum delivery, exams and planning. We describe how our own clinical and educational environment has been utterly transformed within weeks and speculate how much these changes will persist after the pandemic. We also describe student concerns and introduce the thought that the pandemic may have positive long term effects as well. Finally, we speculate how COVID-19 may affect student recruitment, multi-professional learning and the current and future undergraduates' view of the profession. Our aim is to share our experience in the UK, reflect on the direction and magnitude of change seen in our own local and regional practice, and provide food for thought for educators and their teams who find themselves in a similar situation.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>COVID-19 and a novel initiative to improve safety by 3D printing personal protective equipment parts from computed tomography</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64428">
                <text>John J. Coté, John Haggstrom, Ranuga Vivekanandan, Kristin A. Coté, Daniel L. Real, David P. Weber, Anne Cheng, Nicholas G. Dubay, Robin Farias-Eisner</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64429">
                <text>Abstract Background Powered air-purifying respirators are in short supply and can break down with extended use. Replacement parts can become hard to acquire. The aim of this study was to create an innovative quality improvement proof of concept using rapid prototyping. Methods Here we report three cases of 3D printed powered air-purifying respirator parts. 3D printing was performed on all parts using fused deposition modeling with standard polylactic acid, in the same way that presurgical models would be created. Measurements using an electronic caliper as well as CT scans were used to compare an original part to its corresponding 3D printed parts for accuracy. Results Electronic caliper and computed tomography measurements both showed accuracy consistant with current published norms. Conclusions Ultimately, there will be questions surrounding intellectual property, effectiveness and potential long-term safety for these types of 3D printed parts. Future research should look into the addition of specific nanoparticles from the position of cost, efficacy, safety and improved accuracy.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64430">
                <text>2020</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64431">
                <text>covid-19, Personal protective equipment, computed tomography, 3D printing, Powered air-purifying respirator</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64432">
                <text>10.1186/s41205-020-00073-6</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64433">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="64434">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="64435">
                <text>Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>COVID-19 and abortion right</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70199">
                <text>Roya Rashidpouraie, Mohammad Nader Sharifi</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70200">
                <text>Induced abortion has always been a challenging topic; however, it needs to be discussed during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>covid-19, abortion right</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70203">
                <text>10.5468/ogs.20185</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="70204">
                <text>Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Science</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="70205">
                <text>Korean Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Gynecology and obstetrics</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>COVID-19 and acute juvenile paracoccidioidomycosis coinfection.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69241">
                <text>Priscila Marques de Macedo, Dayvison Francis Saraiva Freitas, Andrea Gina Varon, Cristiane da Cruz Lamas, Livia Cristina Fonseca Ferreira, Andrea d'Avila Freitas, Marcel Treptow Ferreira, Estevão Portela Nunes, Marilda Mendonça Siqueira, Valdiléa G Veloso, Antonio Carlos Francesconi do Valle</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.1371/journal.pntd.0008559</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="69244">
                <text>PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Public aspects of medicine, Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>COVID-19 and Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Postpartum Patient</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="84597">
                <text>Zohre Khodamoradi, Shahrokh Sadeghi Boogar, Farnaz Kamali Haghighi Shirazi, Pariya Kouhi</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>We report a 36-year-old woman in Iran who sought care for left shoulder pain and cough 5 days after a scheduled cesarean section. Acute pulmonary embolism and coronavirus disease were diagnosed. Physicians should be aware of the potential for these concurrent conditions in postpartum women.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, 2019 novel coronavirus disease, respiratory diseases, Coronavirus diseases</text>
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                <text>10.3201/eid2608.201383</text>
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                <text>Emerging Infectious Diseases</text>
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                <text>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>COVID-19 and Acute Sarcopenia.</text>
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                <text>Carly Welch, Carolyn Greig, Tahir Masud, Daisy Wilson, Thomas A Jackson</text>
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                <text>The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating global impact, with older adults being most at risk of death from the disease. However, acute sarcopenia occurs in survivors of COVID-19; older adults and the most critically unwell patients are the most at risk. Acute sarcopenia is an under-recognised condition of acute muscle insufficiency, defined by declines in muscle function and/or quantity within six months, usually following a stressor event. This commentary reviews definition and mechanisms of acute sarcopenia in COVID-19 and suggests recommendations for research and clinical practice. Research should now focus on the longer-term consequences of acute sarcopenia in patients who have suffered from COVID-19. At the same time, clinicians need to be increasingly aware of the condition, and measurements of muscle strength, quantity, and physical performance should be embedded into clinical practice. Clinicians should consider the risks of acute sarcopenia when weighing up the risks and benefits of treatment (e.g. dexamethasone), and instigate multidisciplinary treatment including dietetics input.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, acute, sarcopenia</text>
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                <text>10.14336/AD.2020.1014</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Aging and disease</text>
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