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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Guarantee Benefit for Creditor and Credit Reconstruction Effort during COVID-19 Pandemic</text>
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                <text>Putri Ayi</text>
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                <text>Guarantee begins with the debtor credit agreement that followed with the handover of the object guarantee by debtor to creditor, where the creditors are banks. If referred in the regulation article 1 point 2 of Constitution No. 10/1998 concerning on banking stated that bank is a business entity that raised fund from citizen in the form of deposits and channeling them to the public in the form of credit and/or in other forms in order to improve the lives of many people. Bank has the important role in economic, because one of its function is giving the credit to citizen and helping the micro, small and medium enterprises. This given credit must be accompanied by collateral or collateral provisions from the debtor because it was one of the precautionary principal from Bank, and also with the efforts to protect the creditor at any time the debtor defaults. The covid-19 pandemic outbreak that had a profound impact on the entire life of society was also influenced the problem of credit and guarantee. The collateral agreement which is an accessoire agreement (follow-up or accompanying) follows the main or principal agreement, that is preceded by a credit agreement (debt agreement), including on what if there is bad credit and what efforts should be done by the Bank so that it does not experience even greater losses. For this reason, the writer is very interested, to find out the extent of the benefits of the collateral object for creditors as well as credit restructuring efforts during the Covid-19 pandemic.</text>
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                <text>collateral, creditors, credit agreements, credit restructuring, collateral laws</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding</text>
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                <text>Social sciences (General), Social Sciences</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Frailty and COVID-19: A Systematic Scoping Review</text>
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                <text>Fabrizia Lattanzio, Giuseppe Maltese, Andrea Corsonello, Mirko Di Rosa, Luca Soraci, Cristiana Vitale, Francesco Corica</text>
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                <text>Older people have paid a huge toll in terms of mortality during the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Frailty may have contributed to the vulnerability of older people to more severe clinical presentation. We aimed at reviewing available evidence about frailty and COVID-19. We searched PUBMED, Web of Science, and EMBASE from 1 December 2019 to 29 May 2020. Study selection and data extraction were performed by three independent reviewers. Qualitative synthesis was conducted and quantitative data extracted when available. Forty papers were included: 13 editorials, 15 recommendations/guidelines, 3 reviews, 1 clinical trial, 6 observational studies, 2 case reports. Editorials and reviews underlined the potential clinical relevance of assessing frailty among older patients with COVID-19. However, frailty was only investigated in regards to its association with overall mortality, hospital contagion, intensive care unit admission rates, and disease phenotypes in the few observational studies retrieved. Specific interventions in relation to frailty or its impact on COVID-19 treatments have not been evaluated yet. Even with such limited evidence, clinical recommendations on the use of frailty tools have been proposed to support decision making about escalation plan. Ongoing initiatives are expected to improve knowledge of COVID-19 interaction with frailty and to promote patient-centered approaches.</text>
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                <text>mortality, Frailty, Older, Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)</text>
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                <text>10.3390/jcm9072106</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Provision of Psychotherapy during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Czech, German and Slovak Psychotherapists</text>
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                <text>Thomas Probst, Christoph Pieh, Elke Humer, Martin Kuska, Antonia Barke, Bettina  K. Doering, Katharina Gossmann, Radek Trnka, Zdenek Meier, Natalia Kascakova, Peter Tavel</text>
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                <text>Psychotherapists around the world are facing an unprecedented situation with the outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). To combat the rapid spread of the virus, direct contact with others has to be avoided when possible. Therefore, remote psychotherapy provides a valuable option to continue mental health care during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study investigated the fear of psychotherapists to become infected with COVID-19 during psychotherapy in personal contact and assessed how the provision of psychotherapy changed due to the COVID-19 situation and whether there were differences with regard to country and gender. Psychotherapists from three European countries: Czech Republic (CZ, n = 112), Germany (DE, n = 130) and Slovakia (SK, n = 96), with on average 77.8% female participants, completed an online survey. Participants rated the fear of COVID-19 infection during face-to-face psychotherapy and reported the number of patients treated on average per week (in personal contact, via telephone, via internet) during the COVID-19 situation as well as (retrospectively) in the months before. Fear of COVID-19 infection was highest in SK and lowest in DE (p &lt; 0.001) and was higher in female compared to male psychotherapists (p = 0.021). In all countries, the number of patients treated on average per week in personal contact decreased (p &lt; 0.001) and remote psychotherapies increased (p &lt; 0.001), with more patients being treated via internet than via telephone during the COVID-19 situation (p &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, female psychotherapists treated less patients in personal contact (p = 0.036), while they treated more patients via telephone than their male colleagues (p = 0.015). Overall, the total number of patients treated did not differ during COVID-19 from the months before (p = 0.133) and psychotherapy in personal contact remained the most common treatment modality. Results imply that the supply of mental health care could be maintained during COVID-19 and that changes in the provision of psychotherapy vary among countries and gender.</text>
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                <text>Public health, covid-19, psychotherapy, fear of infection, remote psychotherapy</text>
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                <text>10.3390/ijerph17134811</text>
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                <text>Blessings and Curses: Exploring the Experiences of New Mothers during the COVID-19 Pandemic</text>
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                <text>Phillip Joy, Megan Aston, Sheri Price, Meaghan Sim, Rachel Ollivier, Britney Benoit, Neda Akbari-Nassaji, Damilola Iduye</text>
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                <text>The aim of this study was to explore the postpartum experiences of new parents during the COVID-19 pandemic. The postpartum period can be a time of significant transition, both positive and negative, for parents as they navigate new relationships with their babies and shifts in family dynamics. Physical distancing requirements mandated by public health orders during the COVID-19 pandemic had the potential to create even more stress for parents with a newborn. Examining personal experiences would provide health care professionals with information to help guide support during significant isolation. Feminist poststructuralism guided the qualitative research process. Sixty-eight new mothers completed an open-ended on-line survey. Responses were analyzed using discourse analysis to examine the beliefs, values, and practices of the participants relating to their family experiences during the pandemic period. It was found that pandemic isolation was a time of complexity with both ‘blessings and curses’. Participants reported that it was a time for family bonding and enjoyment of being a new parent without the usual expectations. It was also a time of missed opportunities as they were not able to share milestones and memories with extended family. Caring for a newborn during the COVID-19 pandemic where complex contradictions were constructed by competing social discourses created difficult dichotomies for families. In acknowledging the complex experiences of mothers during COVID-19 isolation, nurses and midwives can come to understand and help new parents to focus on the blessings of this time while acknowledging the curses.</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Family, Post-partum, Mother, bonding</text>
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                <text>10.3390/nursrep10020023</text>
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                <text>Nursing Reports</text>
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                <text>The COVID-19 pandemic quickly converted classes to an online format in the middle of the academic semester at South Dakota State University (SDSU), USA. Our objectives were 1) to identify factors affecting student learning and connectivity following this transition and 2) to evaluate differences between honors and non-honors students. Students (n=230) were surveyed with Likert-type, descriptive, and open-ended questions about their experiences following the transition. Clear, frequent communication between students and SDSU was identified as the most appreciated aspect of SDSU’s response. Students who reported struggling academically following the transition were more likely to be facing difficulties with finances and access to or use of online learning technology. Honors students reported fewer technology barriers and financial stressors than non-honors students. Degree completion and social connections were driving the desire to return to face-to-face classes, but this enthusiasm was dampened by COVID-19-related health concerns. Communication, structure, and flexibility were identified as factors affecting student success.</text>
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                <text>Omid Aboubakrzade, Alireza Amanollahi, Saber Amirzade, Elham Bazmi, Zahra Sedaghat, Tahere Aliniya, and .</text>
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                <text>چگونه برای پاسخ COVID-19 بودجه اختصاص دهید؟ مروری بر مکانیسم اختصاص بودجه در کشورهایی که شدیداً تحت تأثیر ویروس کرونا قرار گرفته‌اند. 25 مارس 2020، ژنو پاندمی COVID-19 برای اطمینان از توانایی یک پاسخ جامع، در قدم اول به بودجه عمومی کافی نیاز دارد. اولویت‌بندی مجدد در خصوص هزینه‌های عمومی به‌منظور تقویت اقتصاد و سیستم بهداشت و درمان نیاز به اقدام به‌موقع رهبران دولت و یک فضای پشتیبانی دولتی دارد. کشورهایی که بیشتر تحت تأثیر قرار گرفته‌اند، با توجه به مدیریت مالی عمومی (PFM) و سیستم‌های نظارتی، رویکردهای مختلفی در مورد تخصیص بودجه اتخاذ کرده‌اند. جهت مقابله با این محدودیت مالی پیش‌آمده تطبیق دادن بودجه‌ها (به‌عنوان‌مثال وام‌ها) به‌منظور در نظر گرفتن محدودیت‌های جدید اقتصادی و مالی ضروری می‌باشند. همچنین تصمیم‌گیری سریع در مورد هزینه نیز لازم است. هر کشوری باید برای اختصاص بودجه جهت پاسخ به کرونا ویروس، فرآیندهای خاصی را توسعه دهد. برای آگاهی از نحوه اختصاص بودجه در کشورهایی که ممکن است در آینده نزدیک درگیر همه‌گیری شوند، خلاصه‌ای از رویه‌های مشاهده‌شده در خصوص نحوه اختصاص بودجه در برخی از کشورهای تحت تأثیر گرفته در زیر ارائه می‌شود، باهدف اطلاع‌رسانی به سایر کشورها برای پاسخ به سه سؤال اساسی: 1- اقدامات فوری که با بودجه موجود قابل انجام است، چیست؟ 2- نحوه تأمین بودجه از طریق انجام اصلاحات در قوانین مالی؟ 3- برای تسریع در اختصاص بودجه و تزریق آن به خط مقدم چه کاری می‌توان انجام داد؟</text>
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                <text>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted all aspects of our population. Ethical dilemmas related to the care of patients in the COVID-19 pandemic need to be rapidly addressed by multidisciplinary bioethics committees, with the development of policies and procedures to assist providers in making difficult allocation decisions. Recent ethical considerations regarding allocation of scarce resources, such as mechanical ventilators, have been proposed. These can apply to other disciplines such as nutrition support, although decisions regarding nutrition support have a diminished potential for devastating outcomes. The nutrition support professionals are pivotal in assessing the patient’s overall condition and need for, if any, nutrition interventions.</text>
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                <text>پنج قدم برای عقب راندن کرونا ویروس  سازمان جهانی بهداشت و فیفا برای تجهیز جامعه فوتبال برای مقابله با COVID-19 اقدام مشترکی را آغاز کردند  ژنو، 23 مارس 2020 فیفا، هیئت مدیره بین المللی فوتبال و سازمان بهداشت جهانی (WHO) با راه اندازی یک برنامه آگاهی بخش جدید به رهبری فوتبالیست های مشهور جهان، برای مبارزه با COVID-19 از همه مردم در سراسر جهان خواسته است تا پنج مرحله مهم را برای جلوگیری از شیوع بیماری را دنبال کنند.  کمپین ارسال پیام برای عقب راندن کروناویروس" پنج گام مهم را برای افرادی که به دنبال حفظ سلامتی خود در راستای توصیه های سازمان جهانی بهداشت ( شستن دستها، آداب سرفه، عدم لمس صورت، رعایت فاصله جسمی و ماندن در خانه ) هستند را ارتقاء و بهبود می بخشد."</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Benefits and Barriers to Increasing Regional Anesthesia in Resource-Limited Settings</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="50418">
                <text>Dohlman LE, Kwikiriza A, Ehie O</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="50419">
                <text>Lena Ebba Dohlman,1 Andrew Kwikiriza,2 Odinakachukwu Ehie3 1Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; 2Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda; 3Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Services, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USACorrespondence: Odinakachukwu EhieDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Services, University of California San Francisco, 1975 4th Street, Suite C2823, San Francisco, CA 94158-3217, USATel +1 415-476-4392Fax +1 415 476 4926Email odi.ehie@ucsf.eduAbstract: Safe and accessible surgical and anesthetic care is critically limited for over half of the world&amp;rsquo;s population, particularly in Sub-Saharan African and Southeast Asian countries. Increasing the use of regional anesthesia in these areas has potential benefits regarding access, safety, and cost-effectiveness. Perioperative anesthesia-related mortality is significantly higher in resource-limited countries and every effort should be made to encourage the use of anesthetic techniques in these countries that are safest under the present conditions. Studies from Sub-Saharan Africa, although limited in number, have shown a lower risk of death with regional compared to general anesthesia. Regional anesthesia has the further benefit of decreasing the risk of COVID-19 spread to healthcare providers by avoiding the aerosol-generating procedures that occur during general anesthesia. Neuraxial regional anesthesia is relatively easy to teach and perform and is considered the anesthetic of choice for surgeries below the umbilicus in resource-limited settings due to its safety, efficacy, and low cost. Although regional anesthesia has multiple potential advantages, education and training of anesthetic providers in low-and-middle-income countries (LMIC) are a significant barrier to growth. Anesthesia professionals, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa, are often poorly supported and undervalued, and recruitment and retention of adequate numbers of trained practitioners are a continuing problem. Greater use of regional anesthesia could be one way to safely increase anesthesia access and simultaneously create value and enthusiasm for the field. Deficits in anesthesia infrastructure, equipment, and drugs also limit anesthesia capacity in low-and middle-income countries. Ultrasound-guided regional anesthesia may be helpful in improving access to safe and reliable anesthesia in low-resource countries as it continues to become more user-friendly, durable, and affordable.Keywords: low-resource countries, developing countries, regional anesthesia, ultrasound-guided nerve blocks, anesthesia safety</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="50420">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="50421">
                <text>Developing Countries, low-resource countries, Regional anesthesia, Anesthesia safety, ultrasound-guided nerve blocks</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="50422">
                <text>Biotemas</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="50423">
                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="50424">
                <text>Anesthesiology</text>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/de6e80f6809db0e78daab88314cc33a6.pdf</src>
        <authentication>2541e6ccdec8e075e8cd2658457b9f2d</authentication>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="50425">
                <text>Global neurosurgery, Bangladesh and COVID-19 era</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="50426">
                <text>Robert Ahmed Khan, Moshiur Rahman, Amit  Agrawal, Ezequiel Garcia-Ballestas, Luis Rafael  Moscote-Salazar</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="50427">
                <text>Background. COVID-19 has become an alarming pandemic for our earth. It has created panic not only in China but also in developing countries like Bangladesh. Bangladesh has adequate confinements to constrain the spread of the infection and in this circumstance, overall healthcare workers including neurosurgeons are confronting a ton of difficulties. The purpose of this paper is to depict the proficiency of Global neurosurgery in this COVID-19 time.   Method. Global neurosurgery offers the chance of fusing the best proof-based guidelines of care. This paper demonstrated that, in low to middle-income countries, Global medical procedure has been received to address the issues of residents who lack critical surgical care.   Results. Inappropriate and insufficient asset allotment has been a significant obstacle for the health system for decently giving security to the patients. The fundamental training process has been genuinely hampered in the current circumstance. Worldwide health activities have set to an alternate centre and Global neurosurgery as an assurance is slowed down.   Conclusion. This paper recommended that Global neurosurgical activities need to come forward and increase the workforce to emphasize surgical service.</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="50428">
                <text>2020</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="50429">
                <text>covid-19, low-income country, Global neurosurgery</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="50430">
                <text>Romanian Neurosurgery</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="50431">
                <text>London Academic Publishing</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="50432">
                <text>Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system</text>
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          </element>
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