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                <text>Hybrid Deep Learning-Based Epidemic Prediction Framework of COVID-19: South Korea Case</text>
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                <text>Firda Rahmadani, Hyunsoo Lee</text>
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                <text>The emergence of COVID-19 and the pandemic have changed and devastated every aspect of our lives. Before effective vaccines are widely used, it is important to predict the epidemic patterns of COVID-19. As SARS-CoV-2 is transferred primarily by droplets of infected people, the incorporation of human mobility is crucial in epidemic dynamics models. This study expands the susceptible–exposed–infected–recovered compartment model by considering human mobility among a number of regions. Although the expanded meta-population epidemic model exhibits better performance than general compartment models, it requires a more accurate estimation of the extended modeling parameters. To estimate the parameters of these epidemic models, the meta-population model is incorporated with deep learning models. The combined deep learning model generates more accurate modeling parameters, which are used for epidemic meta-population modeling. In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid deep learning framework, COVID-19 data in South Korea were tested, and the forecast of the epidemic patterns was compared with other estimation methods.</text>
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                <text>covid-19, epidemic modeling, human mobility, hybrid deep learning, meta-population model</text>
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                <text>10.3390/app10238539</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Biology (General), Chemistry, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Technology, Physics</text>
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                <text>From face-to-face learning to web base learning: How are student readiness?</text>
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                <text>Nursaptini Nursaptini, Deni Sutisna, Arif Widodo, Setiani Novitasari, Umar Umar</text>
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                <text>Learning readiness influences learning success. Changing the learning model requires preparation. Well-planned online learning is different from learning in an emergency. This study aims to determine the readiness of student learning in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic. The type of research used non-experimental quantitative. The data collection method is done by survey. Data analysis uses descriptive statistics. The subjects in this study were PGSD students at Mataram University. The number of respondents involved 260. Problems in this study include: how are students' learning readiness? what are the problems faced by students? Can students take part in online learning well? The results showed that students' learning readiness was still lacking. Students experiencing technical obstacles include lack of online media mastery, no training, limited costs, and difficulties in internet connection. Most students expect online learning to stop and come back face to face.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>online learning, learning readiness, PGSD students</text>
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                <text>10.25273/pe.v10i2.6801</text>
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                <text>Premiere Educandum</text>
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                <text>Universitas PGRI Madiun</text>
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                <text>Education (General), Education</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Investigaciones clínicas sobre COVID-19. Una breve panorámica</text>
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                <text>Tatiana Marañón Cardonne, Dianne Yurien Griñán Semanat, Sanlia Landazuri Llago, Enrique Juan Marañón Reyes</text>
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                <text>Desde inicios de la pandemia de COVID-19, los científicos del mundo trabajan incansablemente en el desarrollo de nuevas alternativas terapéuticas que propicien la prevención y el tratamiento de la enfermedad. Se empleó el método histórico-lógico, con apoyo de la técnica de revisión documental en el período comprendido desde el mes de marzo hasta agosto de 2020. Se revisó la información recogida de investigaciones clínicas registradas en la base de datos clinicaltrials.gov, el sitio web de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y el registro público cubano de ensayos clínicos. Actualmente se desarrollan investigaciones que se registran en la base de datos internacional cliniclatrials.gov relacionadas con las alternativas terapéuticas contra la COVID-19. Aparecen registradas hasta el 25 de agosto del presente año 3015 investigaciones de 115 países. De ellas 53 investigaciones son observacionales y 698 son estudios intervencionales (11 de estas son investigaciones de uso clínico expandido y el resto ensayos clínicos). En estudio hay 402 productos de investigación. En Cuba se han registrado 21 (5 observacionales y 16 ensayos clínicos), y el uso emergente del CIGB 258, Jusvinza y el hisopo nasofaríngeo como tecnología sanitaria. Se han obtenido importantes avances en la determinación de potenciales alternativas terapéuticas farmacológicas para la COVID-19 en el mundo.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, pandemia, Infección por coronavirus, Cuba, Ensayos clínicos</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Science, Science (General)</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Francisco Kleyton Zacarias Florêncio, Maiza de Oliveira Tenório, Aluísio Roberto Andrade Macedo Júnior, Sandro Gonçalves de Lima</text>
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                <text>COVID-19 is a new disease, whose several atypical clinical manifestations began to be observed with the evolution of the pandemic, and have been investigated to understand the pathophysiology of the disease. In this article, the objective is to describe a case of angioedema in COVID-19, considered an atypical manifestation, and rarely described in the literature. The case is of a 55-year-old patient who sought medical attention for a complaint of intermittent fever for four days. On the seventh day, he manifested angioedema in the left zygomatic projection and the right subpalpebral region. The patient had no history of angioedema earlier in life. The following day, he presented a regression of the angioedema concerning the previous day. After this period, the patient progressed well and became asymptomatic. The RT-PCR laboratory test performed on the first days of manifesting symptoms was positive for SARS-CoV-2. We correlate the onset of angioedema with the possible endotheliitis present in the disease, which has been evidenced by the observation of severe endothelial injury associated with the intracellular presence of the virus in several histopathological studies of patients with COVID-19. Also, possible deregulation of the Kininogen-Kallikrein-Kinin System (KKKS) could explain this manifestation, as SARS-CoV-2 binds to the ACE2 receptor, which is responsible for degrading kinins, such as bradykinin.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>pandemics, endothelium, angioedema, Coranavirus Infections, Bradkynin</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Lam Tran Si, Antipanova O.A., Babyshev V.U., Ngoc Tran ThiBich, Binh Dao Thanh, Barysheva G.A.</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The multinational corporations intensify activities in worldwide. For example, Vietnam’s international integration has also changed rapidly with the trend of gradually entering the global supply chain and global value chain that help to create a powerful dynamic for national economic development. A part domestic enterprises is engaged either in outsourcing, or become a multinational corporations suppliers, but their role was unstable. The article also provides an overview of the unprecedented impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on Vietnamese businesses, and the appropriate responses to reshape and strengthen corporations for processing and manufacturing industries. Special measures are given to be implemented at enterprises to prevent the risk of sickness among workers, including older workers.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53273">
                <text>2020</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53274">
                <text>covid-19 pandemic, Supply chain, Multinational Corporations, domestic supplier, manufacturer-supplier collaboration</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53275">
                <text>10.1051/shsconf/20208001003</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53278">
                <text>Social Sciences</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
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                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53279">
                <text>Perspectives from Students: How to Tame the Chaos and Harness the Power of Technology for Learning</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="53280">
                <text>Jenny Ge, Rachael E. Smyth, Michelle Searle, Lori Kirkpatrick, Rebecca Evans, Alexa Elder, Heather Brown</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="53281">
                <text>Technology continues to form an important part of the educational landscape, although the value of portable devices as learning tools is still being explored and debated. In light of the technology-based teaching methods suddenly brought into effect in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the deliberate use of technology for learning is increasingly significant. The purpose of this article is to highlight student perspectives of learning with portable devices to inform the use of portable technology in the Canadian school system going forward. To gather student perceptions, the research team surveyed 704 students in grades 6 to 9 about their use of iPads in the classroom during a 1:1 technology initiative. While students were enthusiastic about the presence of portable technology, they also shared mixed feelings about the use of such technology as a learning tool. Key themes fell into three categories—engagement, inclusivity, and learning—as students shared their insight into the academic, social, and physical barriers that exist as a result of the technology. In the discussion, we identify lessons learned, especially in the area of self-regulation, and make recommendations on how to harness the power of this multi-faceted learning tool and minimize the chaos it can create when not utilized deliberately and carefully.</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53282">
                <text>2021</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53283">
                <text>10.26522/brocked.v30i1.850</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53284">
                <text>Brock Education: a Journal of Educational Research and Practice</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53285">
                <text>Brock University</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53286">
                <text>Education</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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  <item itemId="5976" public="1" featured="0">
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/af80bebb0e7c4a868aaf1f183cba2549.pdf</src>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53287">
                <text>COVID-19 Reverse Prediction and Assessment on the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53288">
                <text>Juan Zhang, Juan Zhang, Gui-Quan Sun, Gui-Quan Sun, Mingtao Li, Rui Gao, Rui Gao, Huarong Ren, Huarong Ren, Xin Pei, Zhen Jin, Zhen Jin</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53289">
                <text>As of July 21, 2020, the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 had spread to almost all countries around the world and caused more than 14.8 million confirmed cases, owing to its high transmissibility and fast rate of spread. Of the infected locations, the Diamond Princess cruise ship is special in that it is an isolated system with a population highly concentrated in a limited space, providing particularly favorable conditions for the transmission of the novel coronavirus-associated pneumonia, COVID-19. The Japanese government's emergency measures for controlling the spread of COVID-19 on the cruise ship have also been questioned. In this paper we develop a homogeneous mixed difference system to describe the mechanism of transmission of COVID-19 on the cruise ship, reverse-predict the epidemic transmission trend from January 20 to February 20, 2020, including the daily number of infected people and the peak time of infection, estimate the range of the basic reproduction number of virus transmission on the cruise ship, and assess the effects of prevention and control measures. It is concluded that the isolation of people, along with rapid and comprehensive detection of infections, play an important role in controlling the epidemic. In fact, the Japanese government's emergency measures did have a certain effect on limiting the spread of COVID-19, but the number of infected people could have been reduced by at least 60% if all personnel on the cruise ship had been tested and isolated promptly as early as February 5.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53290">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53291">
                <text>covid-19, reproduction number, difference equation, reverse prediction, measures assessment, Diamond Princess</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53292">
                <text>10.3389/fphy.2020.00353</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53293">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53294">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53295">
                <text>Physics</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
  <item itemId="5977" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="5977">
        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/1ea27905b130cd147f765d13335c776f.pdf</src>
        <authentication>fff730bfc14119aba9e4bf43d0b44d0e</authentication>
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        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53296">
                <text>Sensitivity and Specificity of Gold Chromatography Immunoassays IgM/IgG Antibody Test for COVID-19: Review of the Current Literature</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53297">
                <text>Ehab Mohammed Elmadenah Mohammed, Sahar Elderdiri Gafar Osman, Nazik Elmaliaka Hussain</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53298">
                <text>Background: The World Health Organization recommends molecular tests Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to the diagnosis of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), which detect the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-Coronavirus 2) virus RNA. However, these tests are expensive and give a high negative result. There were urgent medical and public health needs for early diagnosis and treatment to minimize the spread of COVID-19. This review aimed to summarize known to date information about the latest research progress of the sensitivity and specificity of rapid combined IgM/IgG antibody test to diagnose the pandemic novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: Databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science electronic databases were search related articles published between January 23, 2020 and April 29, 2020, using the following search terms: “COVID19 or COVID-19,” “novel coronavirus,” “SARS CoV-2 or SARS CoV2,” “Rapid antibody test,” “IgM/IgG,” “sensitivity,” “specificity.” Results: The review included eight clinical studies for a total of 782 patients with COVID-19 and 631 healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity of gold chromatography immuno-assays (GCIAs) IgM/IgG rapid test vary greatly among published studies. Of the eight shortlisted studies, the IgM/IgG sensitivity ranged from 73.9% to 89.3% in six (75%) and the IgM/IgG specificity ranged from 88.9% to 100% in the eight (100%) reviewed studies. The pooled data revealed that the average sensitivity and specificity was 70% and 94.5%, respectively. They agreed on its simplicity, fastness, and fewer requirements. Conclusion: The GCIAs IgM/IgG rapid tests are simply fast and safe. Besides their short turnaround time, no specific equipment or skilled technicians' requirements, they can serve as a rapid diagnostic test of RT–PCR-negative highly suspected patients and screening of SARS CoV-2 carriers. It cannot take the place of PCR, but the huge lab diagnosis pressure can be greatly relieved and more research is needed to detect its reliability and clinical utility in limited-resource settings.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53299">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53300">
                <text>10.18502/sjms.v15i5.6969</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53301">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53302">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53303">
                <text>Medicine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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  </item>
  <item itemId="5978" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="5978">
        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/f45faf5f9215ac22abe26af9f44422cd.pdf</src>
        <authentication>73f199e391bc70ea8b45e8be461d9ddf</authentication>
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    <collection collectionId="1">
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        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53304">
                <text>Estimation of the number of working population at high-risk of COVID-19 infection in Korea</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53305">
                <text>Juyeon Lee, Myounghee Kim</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53306">
                <text>OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify occupational groups at high-risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection in Korea, to estimate the number of such workers, and to examine the prevalence of protective resources by employment status. METHODS Based on the sixth Standard Occupational Classification codes, 2015 census data were linked with data from the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey, which measured how frequently workers directly come into contact with people other than fellow employees in the workplace. RESULTS A total of 30 occupational groups, including 7 occupations from the healthcare and welfare sectors and 23 from other sectors, were classified as high-risk occupational groups involving frequent contact with people other than fellow employees in the workplace (more than half of the working hours). Approximately 1.4 million (women, 79.1%) and 10.7 million workers (46.3%) are employed in high-risk occupations. Occupations with a larger proportion of women are more likely to be at a high-risk of infection and are paid less. For wage-earners in high-risk occupations, protective resources to deal with COVID-19 (e.g., trade unions and health and safety committees) are less prevalent among temporary or daily workers than among those with permanent employment. CONCLUSIONS Given the large number of Koreans employed in high-risk occupations and inequalities within the working population, the workplace needs to be the key locus for governmental actions to control COVID-19, and special consideration for vulnerable workers is warranted.</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53307">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53308">
                <text>Infection control, Korea, Occupational Health, covid-19</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53309">
                <text>10.4178/epih.e2020051</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53310">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53311">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53312">
                <text>Medicine</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  <item itemId="5979" public="1" featured="0">
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                <text>Hypothesis: What is the Best We Can Do with Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19?</text>
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                <text>Wang S, Mulier S, Jonscher C, Ye S, Chen L, Feng Y, Li Y, Ni Y</text>
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                <text>Shuncong Wang,1,* Stefaan Mulier,1,2,* Charles Jonscher,3 Sheng Ye,4 Lei Chen,1 Yuanbo Feng,1 Yue Li,5 Yicheng Ni1 1Campus Gasthuisberg, Group of Biomedical Sciences, KU, Leuven, Belgium; 2Department of Surgery, Delta Hospital, Brussels, Belgium; 3Institute for Health Metrics &amp;amp; Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; 4Primary Care NJ, Englewood, NJ, USA; 5Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, People&amp;rsquo;s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yicheng NiDepartment of Radiology, University Hospital, Herestraat 49, Leuven B3000, BelgiumTel +32-16-32 27 52Fax + 32-16-34 37 65Email yicheng.ni@kuleuven.beAbstract: There are widespread anecdotal reports of seemingly successful treatment among the early (three to seven days from symptoms) stage coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients with the drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), and randomized placebo-controlled trials of HCQ in outpatient settings are underway. In this note, we (1) report observational evidence and present scientific reasoning as to why early treatment with HCQ may succeed while treatment later in the disease progression is likely to fail and (2) hypothesize a public health regime under which HCQ may be used to mitigate the impact of the current pandemic.Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, early treatment, hydroxychloroquine, lockdown</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Pandemic, Hydroxychloroquine, lockdown, Early treatment</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Infectious and parasitic diseases</text>
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