937 10 20655 https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/e1eb84eb93fd250ad971527d8c7aa1d8.pdf f7ee8285040b0e12f0f77ac49404c194 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Response to How prepared is Africa to face COVID-19?" by Wadoum and Clarke." Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John Koku Awoonor-Williams, James Franklin Phillips, Stephen Patrick Kachur, Elizabeth Fletcher Jackson, Rachel Tara Moresky, Dennis Chirawurah Description An account of the resource A recent commentary published in this journal correctly notes the important challenges that must be addressed to mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic in Africa. While we agree with the basic assumptions and arguments of their essay, we argue that common social institutional norms in most rural settings could be marshalled for organizing preventive measures. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource covid-19, Africa, Health Systems, social norms Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.11604/pamj.supp.2020.35.2.23829 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Pan African medical journal https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/34e24d5dacf2318efd62588e953acf77.pdf cdfb18775131316dd2697b2ae3dd3d3a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A potential role for Galectin-3 inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John L. Caniglia, Maheedhara R. Guda, Swapna Asuthkar, Andrew J. Tsung, Kiran K. Velpula Description An account of the resource The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. With no standard of care for the treatment of COVID-19, there is an urgent need to identify therapies that may be effective in treatment. Recent evidence has implicated the development of cytokine release syndrome as the major cause of fatality in COVID-19 patients, with elevated levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) observed in patients. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is an animal lectin that has been implicated in the disease process of a variety of inflammatory conditions. Inhibitors of the small molecule Gal-3 have been shown to reduce the levels of both IL-6 and TNF-α in vitro and have shown anti-inflammatory effects in vivo. Additionally, a key domain in the spike protein of β-coronaviridae, a genus which includes SARS-CoV2, is nearly identical in morphology to human Gal-3. These spike proteins are critical for the virus’ entry into host cells. Here we provide a systematic review of the available literature and an impetus for further research on the use of Gal-3 inhibitors in the treatment of COVID-19. Further, we propose a dual mechanism by which Gal-3 inhibition may be beneficial in the treatment of COVID-19, both suppressing the host inflammatory response and impeding viral attachment to host cells. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Subject The topic of the resource Cytokines, covid-19, galectin-3 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.7717/peerj.9392 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Epidemiology and Health Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Korean Society of Epidemiology Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Medicine https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/a45de6c63a509b81c968aaf319bd3a87.pdf ec5d755ee55cd7b1832db959e24e7329 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Societal learning in epidemics: intervention effectiveness during the 2003 SARS outbreak in Singapore. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John M. Drake, Suok Kai Chew, Stefan Ma Description An account of the resource BACKGROUND: Rapid response to outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases is impeded by uncertain diagnoses and delayed communication. Understanding the effect of inefficient response is a potentially important contribution of epidemic theory. To develop this understanding we studied societal learning during emerging outbreaks wherein patient removal accelerates as information is gathered and disseminated. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We developed an extension of a standard outbreak model, the simple stochastic epidemic, which accounts for societal learning. We obtained expressions for the expected outbreak size and the distribution of epidemic duration. We found that rapid learning noticeably affects the final outbreak size even when learning exhibits diminishing returns (relaxation). As an example, we estimated the learning rate for the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore. Evidence for relaxation during the first eight weeks of the outbreak was inconclusive. We estimated that if societal learning had occurred at half the actual rate, the expected final size of the outbreak would have reached nearly 800 cases, more than three times the observed number of infections. By contrast, the expected outbreak size for societal learning twice as effective was 116 cases. CONCLUSION: These results show that the rate of societal learning can greatly affect the final size of disease outbreaks, justifying investment in early warning systems and attentiveness to disease outbreak by both government authorities and the public. We submit that the burden of emerging infections, including the risk of a global pandemic, could be efficiently reduced by improving procedures for rapid detection of outbreaks, alerting public health officials, and aggressively educating the public at the start of an outbreak. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000020 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived PLoS ONE Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Public Library of Science (PLoS) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Science, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/b97a8eb35900648afbbb61a6d39c26a7.pdf c5514b0bc36ad6f5ac85abe2d7d18e48 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Time course and cellular localization of SARS-CoV nucleoprotein and RNA in lungs from fatal cases of SARS. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John M. Nicholls, Jagdish Butany, Leo L.M. Poon, Kwok H. Chan, Swan Lip Beh, Susan Poutanen, JS Malik Peiris, Maria Wong Description An account of the resource Cellular localization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in the lungs of patients with SARS is important in confirming the etiological association of the virus with disease as well as in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease. To our knowledge, there have been no comprehensive studies investigating viral infection at the cellular level in humans.We collected the largest series of fatal cases of SARS with autopsy material to date by merging the pathological material from two regions involved in the 2003 worldwide SARS outbreak in Hong Kong, China, and Toronto, Canada. We developed a monoclonal antibody against the SARS-CoV nucleoprotein and used it together with in situ hybridization (ISH) to analyze the autopsy lung tissues of 32 patients with SARS from Hong Kong and Toronto. We compared the results of these assays with the pulmonary pathologies and the clinical course of illness for each patient. SARS-CoV nucleoprotein and RNA were detected by immunohistochemistry and ISH, respectively, primarily in alveolar pneumocytes and, less frequently, in macrophages. Such localization was detected in four of the seven patients who died within two weeks of illness onset, and in none of the 25 patients who died later than two weeks after symptom onset.The pulmonary alveolar epithelium is the chief target of SARS-CoV, with macrophages infected subsequently. Viral replication appears to be limited to the first two weeks after symptom onset, with little evidence of continued widespread replication after this period. If antiviral therapy is considered for future treatment, it should be focused on this two-week period of acute clinical disease. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030027 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived PLoS Medicine Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Public Library of Science (PLoS) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/7d0ba0998f730a8e0c49e9b4d0c8df11.pdf 060f7291a0643b2bff065d3736c95883 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Agricultura sostenible Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Distribución espacial y estructura de la población de <i>Pitcairnia huilensis</i> (Bromeliaceae) en el valle alto del río Magdalena (Huila, Colombia Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John Martínez-Castro, Carolina Isaza, Julio Betancur Description An account of the resource Se estudió el patrón de distribución espacial y la estructura de la población de Pitcairnia huilensis (Bromeliaceae), una especie considerada en Peligro Crítico (CR), del valle alto del río Magdalena en los Andes colombianos. La distribución espacial se determinó con la función K de Ripley. Para conocer la estructura poblacional se establecieron cuatro categorías de tamaño: plántulas, juveniles, subadultos y adultos, las cuales fueron caracterizadas estadísticamente por medio de variables morfométricas. Con el fin de saber cuál de las variables morfométricas presentaba mayor variabilidad se usó un Análisis de Componentes Principales. Para examinar si había diferencias significativas entre las variables morfométricas por categorías de tamaño con mayor variabilidad (altura total) se realizó una prueba de Kruskal Wallis y para identificar cuáles eran las diferencias de las categorías de tamaño con respecto a esta variable se aplicó una prueba de Tukey. Adicionalmente, para determinar si había dependencia entre el peso seco y la altura total se realizó una regresión lineal. Se encontraron 289 parches de P. huilensis que mostraron un patrón de distribución espacial agregado. La densidad de individuos por m2 varía entre 0,1 y 3,9. Hubo diferencias significativas entre las variables morfométricas, siendo la altura total la que mejor explica la variación y la que más se relaciona con el peso seco total. Con este trabajo se señala la importancia de los resultados para el manejo y la conservación de P. huilensis en el área de estudio. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019 Subject The topic of the resource Biología de la Conservación, Ecología de poblaciones, Plantas neotropicales, bosque seco Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.15446/caldasia.v41n1.71328 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Caldasia Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Nacional de Colombia Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Science, Botany, Zoology Relation A related resource <a href="https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/cal/article/view/71328" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://revistas.unal.edu.co/index.php/cal/article/view/71328</a> https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/6ac742c29abe3f22fce88557ef9de743.pdf 8cbc3d9d939e7b648dfefb8efd4803a4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Agricultura sostenible Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Exploración de la variabilidad genética del maracuyá (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Degener) como base para un programa de fitomejoramiento en Colombia Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John Ocampo, Ramiro Urrea, Kris Wyckhuys, Mauricio Salazar Description An account of the resource El maracuyá es uno de los principales frutales del Neotrópico y en Colombia existen cerca de 6000 ha cultivadas con esta fruta, con una producción de 90,000 t/año. No obstante este potencial, los cultivos presentan graves problemas fitosanitarios y degeneración genética, lo que se manifiesta por una reducción de la vida útil de la plantación. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el grado de variabilidad genética del maracuyá cultivado en Colombia como base para un programa de fitomejoramiento. Las recolecciones se realizaron en los departamentos de Antioquia, Caldas, Cauca, Huila, Tolima y Valle del Cauca mediante una selección masal participativa con los productores. En cada cultivo, se seleccionaron diez frutos al azar (calidad extra) de las plantas más sobresalientes por productividad y sanidad, en las cuales se registró la incidencia de insectos plaga y enfermedades. Los frutos fueron caracterizados con 11 variables fisicoquímicas y analizados mediante la descomposición de la varianza (univariado) y el análisis de clasificación (neighbour joining). Los resultados mostraron que los trips (Neohydatothrips spp.) y la virosis (SMV) son los problemas fitosanitarios que más afectan el cultivo en los sitios del estudio. El análisis univariado del fruto mostró un porcentaje de variabilidad promedio total de 14.31% (CV), destacándose los pesos de la cáscara (20.53%) y de la semilla (20.47%). Tomando en cuenta los parámetros de calidad (°Brix y %pulpa + semilla) se identificaron ocho accesiones élite provenientes de Caldas, Valle del Cauca y Antioquia. El análisis de clasificación mostró una alta variabilidad, con poca estructuración por origen geográfico. Estos resultados permitirán iniciar un proceso de mejoramiento genético a partir de genotipos superiores de las accesiones élite identificadas. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013 Subject The topic of the resource Frutal, Neotrópico, Passiflora, recursos genéticos, selección masal Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Acta Agronómica Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Universidad Nacional de Colombia Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Agriculture Relation A related resource <a href="http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-28122013000400009&amp;lng=en&amp;tlng=en" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0120-28122013000400009&amp;lng=en&amp;tlng=en</a> https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/3278a7674b983a46b158ed45e4cb3bb9.pdf 16354cf3386ce7f2e8ebcbe3a4b47407 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Unique Protein Self-Assembling Nanoparticle with Significant Advantages in Vaccine Development and Production Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John P. Rose, W Gray Jerome, Brenda Wright, Daniel C. Carter, Ellen Wilson Description An account of the resource Nanoparticles are playing an increasingly powerful role in vaccine development. Here, we report the repurposing of nonstructural proteins 10 and 11 (hereafter NSP10) from the replicase polyprotein 1a (pp1a) of the human SARS coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome) as a novel self-assembling platform for bioengineered nanoparticles for a variety of applications including vaccines. NSP10 represents a 152 amino acid, 17 kD zinc finger transcription/regulatory protein which self-assembles to form a spherical 84 Å diameter nanoparticle with dodecahedral trigonal 32 point symmetry. As a self-assembling nanoparticle, NSP10 possesses numerous advantages in vaccine development and antigen display, including the unusual particle surface disposition of both the N- and C-termini. Each set of N- or C-termini is spatially disposed in a tetrahedral arrangement and positioned at optimal distances from the 3-fold axes (8-10 Å) to nucleate and stabilize the correct folding of complex helical or fibrous trimeric receptors, such as those responsible for viral tropism and cell infection. An application example in the exploratory development of a therapeutic vaccine for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), including preliminary analysis and immunogenic properties, is presented. The use of this system could accelerate the discovery and development of vaccines for a number of human, livestock, and veterinary applications. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.1155/2020/4297937 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Nanomaterials Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hindawi Limited Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Technology (General) https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/69decc41da2ad16108a6d856da9ffbc9.pdf 980b4c92ec6bfebf383604e7de43eaa8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Excess out-of-hospital sudden deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic: A direct or indirect effect of SARS-CoV-2 infections? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John R Giudicessi Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1016/j.hrthm.2020.12.010 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Heart rhythm https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/7cd4434366f52873c91baf33436f66bf.pdf 5daca07213b60a151ad7d2e9c16d4b86 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource COVID-19 and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation Center-Specific Survival Analysis: Can We Adjust for the Impact of the Pandemic? Recommendations of the COVID-19 Task Force of the 2020 Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplantation Research Center Outcomes Forum. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John R Wingard, Kwang Woo Ahn, Christopher Dandoy, Miguel-Angel Perales, William A Wood, Brent Logan, Marcie Riches, J Douglas Rizzo Description An account of the resource COVID-19 has significantly impacted the practice of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and likely affected outcomes of HCT recipients. Early reports document substantially higher case fatality rates for HCT recipients than seen in faced by the general population. Currently we do not have a clear picture of how much of this threat is present within the first year after HCT and how infection rates and outcomes vary with time after HCT. There are important because center-specific survival estimates for reporting purposes focus on 1-year post-HCT mortality. Transplantation centers have dramatically changed their practices in response to the pandemic. At many centers, quality assurance processes and procedures were disrupted, changes that likely affected team performance. Centers have been affected unevenly by the pandemic through time, location, and COVID-19 burdens. Assessment of center-specific survival depends on the ability to adjust for risk factors, such as COVID-19, that are outside center control using consistent methods so that team performance based on controllable risk factors can be ascertained. The Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplantation Research (CIBMTR) convened a working group for the 2020 Center Outcomes Forum to assess the impact of COVID-19 on both patient-specific risks and center-specific performance. This committee reviewed the factors at play and developed recommendations for a process to determine whether adjustments in the methodology to assess center-specific performance are needed. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2021 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 10.1016/j.jtct.2021.04.008 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Transplantation and cellular therapy https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/8411ab298a069bc4cfbfc5046fa6c080.pdf e4c2e21369d5fe739de0128c0808b265 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Prevalence, Severity and Mortality associated with COPD and Smoking in patients with COVID-19: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John R. Hurst, Jaber S. Alqahtani, Abdulelah M. Aldhahir, Shumonta Quaderi, Saeed M Alghamdi, Tope Oyelade, Mater Almehmadi, Abdullah S Alqahtani, Swapna Mandal Description An account of the resource BACKGROUND:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an evolving infectious disease that dramatically spread all over the world in the early part of 2020. No studies have yet summarized the potential severity and mortality risks caused by COVID-19 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and we update information in smokers. METHODS:We systematically searched electronic databases from inception to March 24, 2020. Data were extracted by two independent authors in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Study quality was assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. We synthesized a narrative from eligible studies and conducted a meta-analysis using a random-effects model to calculate pooled prevalence rates and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS:In total, 123 abstracts were screened and 61 full-text manuscripts were reviewed. A total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria, which included a total of 2473 confirmed COVID-19 patients. All studies were included in the meta-analysis. The crude case fatality rate of COVID-19 was 7.4%. The pooled prevalence rates of COPD patients and smokers in COVID-19 cases were 2% (95% CI, 1%-3%) and 9% (95% CI, 4%-14%) respectively. COPD patients were at a higher risk of more severe disease (risk of severity = 63%, (22/35) compared to patients without COPD 33.4% (409/1224) [calculated RR, 1.88 (95% CI, 1.4-2.4)]. This was associated with higher mortality (60%). Our results showed that 22% (31/139) of current smokers and 46% (13/28) of ex-smokers had severe complications. The calculated RR showed that current smokers were 1.45 times more likely [95% CI: 1.03-2.04] to have severe complications compared to former and never smokers. Current smokers also had a higher mortality rate of 38.5%. CONCLUSION:Although COPD prevalence in COVID-19 cases was low in current reports, COVID-19 infection was associated with substantial severity and mortality rates in COPD. Compared to former and never smokers, current smokers were at greater risk of severe complications and higher mortality rate. Effective preventive measures are required to reduce COVID-19 risk in COPD patients and current smokers. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233147 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived PLoS ONE Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Public Library of Science (PLoS) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Science, Medicine