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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Ulva fasciata (Green Seaweed) Extract and Evaluation of Its Cytoprotective and Antigenotoxic Effects</text>
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                <text>Idania Rodeiro, Sitlali Olguín, Rebeca Santes, José A. Herrera, Carlos L. Pérez, Raisa Mangas, Yasnay Hernández, Gisselle Fernández, Ivones Hernández, Sandra Hernández-Ojeda, Rafael Camacho-Carranza, Ana Valencia-Olvera, Jesús Javier Espinosa-Aguirre</text>
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                <text>The chemical composition and biological properties of Ulva fasciata aqueous-ethanolic extract were examined. Five components were identified in one fraction prepared from the extract by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and palmitic acid and its ethyl ester accounted for 76% of the total identified components. Furthermore, we assessed the extract’s antioxidant properties by using the DPPH, ABTS, and lipid peroxidation assays and found that the extract had a moderate scavenging effect. In an experiment involving preexposition and coexposition of the extract (1–500 µg/mL) and benzo[a]pyrene (BP), the extract was found to be nontoxic to C9 cells in culture and to inhibit the cytotoxicity induced by BP. As BP is biotransformed by CYP1A and CYP2B subfamilies, we explored the possible interaction of the extract with these enzymes. The extract (25–50 µg/mL) inhibited CYP1A1 activity in rat liver microsomes. Analysis of the inhibition kinetics revealed a mixed-type inhibitory effect on CYP1A1 supersome. The effects of the extract on BP-induced DNA damage and hepatic CYP activity in mice were also investigated. Micronuclei induction by BP and liver CYP1A1/2 activities significantly decreased in animals treated with the extract. The results suggest that Ulva fasciata aqueous-ethanolic extract inhibits BP bioactivation and it may be a potential chemopreventive agent.</text>
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                <text>2015</text>
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                <text>10.1155/2015/520598</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Hindawi Limited</text>
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                <text>Other systems of medicine</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/520598" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/520598&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Gaseous Nitric Oxide and Dinitrosyl Iron Complexes with Thiol-Containing Ligands as Potential Medicines that Can Relieve COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>A F Vanin, A V Pekshev, A B Vagapov, N A Sharapov, V L Lakomkin, A A Abramov, A A Timoshin, V I Kapelko</text>
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                <text>It is shown that the inhalation of gaseous nitric oxide (gNO) or sprayed aqueous solutions of binuclear dinitrosyl iron complexes with glutathione or N-acetyl-L-cysteine by animals or humans provokes no perceptible hypotensive effects. Potentially, these procedures may be useful in COVID-19 treatment. The NO level in complexes with hemoglobin in blood decreases as the gNO concentration in the gas flow produced by the Plazon system increases from 100 to 2100 ppm, so that at 2000 ppm more than one-half of the gas can be incorporated into dinitrosyl complexes formed in tissues of the lungs and respiratory tract. Thus, the effect of gNO inhalation may be similar to that observed after administration of solutions of dinitrosyl iron complexes, namely, to the presence of dinitrosyl iron complexes with thiol-containing ligands in lung and airway tissues. With regard to the hypothesis posited earlier that these complexes can suppress coronavirus replication as donors of nitrosonium cations (Biophysics 65, 818, 2020), it is not inconceivable that administration of gNO or chemically synthesized dinitrosyl iron complexes with thiol-containing ligands may help treat COVID-19. In tests on the authors of this paper as volunteers, the tolerance concentration of gNO inhaled within 15 min was approximately 2000 ppm. In tests on rats that inhaled sprayed aqueous solutions of dinitrosyl iron complexes, their tolerance dose was approximately 0.4 mmol/kg body weight.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Keywords: nitric oxide, dinitrosyl iron complexes</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>10.1134/S0006350921010218</text>
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                <text>Biophysics</text>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Gases de efecto invernadero emitidos por los vehículos agrícolas en Costa Rica</text>
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                <text>Javier Ernesto Rodríguez Yánez, Natalia  Gómez Calderón, Edwin Fabián Fernández Fernández</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>   Introducción: En Costa Rica, la emisión de gases de efecto invernadero de los vehículos agrícolas no suele medirse independientemente en los inventarios. Por lo general, se combinan con los datos del parque general de vehículos u otras emisiones. Objetivo: Determinar las emisiones y características específicas de los vehículos agrícolas en Costa Rica. Métodos: Las características básicas de la maquinaria agrícola en Costa Rica se obtuvieron a partir de información sobre el pago de impuestos a la circulación para el año 2016. La estimación de emisiones se basó en los parámetros establecidos por el Panel Intergubernamental de Cambio Climático y factores propios de Costa Rica. Resultados: La mayoría de la maquinaria agrícola tiene menos de 10 años (92%), utiliza combustible diésel (99%) y se concentra en un ámbito medio de potencia (categoría II ASAE S482, 82%). El total de emisiones de los equipos en estudio es equivalente a 467 650 toneladas de CO2, asociado principalmente a emisiones de CO2 (98%). Esto es equivalente a un 10% de las emisiones del sector Transporte y hasta un 6% en el Inventario de Gases de Efecto Invernadero. Conclusiones: En Costa Rica, las emisiones de los vehículos agrícolas no se segregan adecuadamente y posiblemente no se contabilizan correctamente. Esto debería mejorarse en el plan de descarbonización 2050 del país. </text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2021</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Descarbonización, Factores IPCC, emisiones, maquinaria agrícola, motores de combustión</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>10.22458/urj.v13i1.3278</text>
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                <text>Cuadernos de investigación UNED</text>
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                <text>Universidad Estatal a Distancia (UNED)</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>General Works</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://revistas.uned.ac.cr/index.php/cuadernos/article/view/3278" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://revistas.uned.ac.cr/index.php/cuadernos/article/view/3278&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Gases de efecto invernadero por generación de electricidad en usuarios no residenciales de Venezuela 2006-2017</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="221750">
                <text>William Osal, Rhonmer Pérez</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Para alcanzar el Objetivo del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS), la producción de electricidad a base de energías limpias es uno de los medios para alcanzarlo. Al usar combustibles fósiles se tienen como subproductos las emisiones de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI), causantes de los cambios climáticos. Antes de implementar medidas para reducir las emisiones debe estimarse su valor actual. El objetivo es estimar las emisiones de GEI por generación de electricidad en usuarios no residenciales de Venezuela para el período 2006-2017, ambos inclusive, que cuenten o no con autogeneración y tengan suministro de energía por parte de la empresa eléctrica venezolana Corporación Eléctrica Nacional (CORPOELEC). La metodología empleada sigue las directrices del IPCC2006. Para el trabajo se utilizan los factores de emisión, la energía eléctrica suministrada por CORPOELEC y la autogenerada,  y los tipos de combustibles para autogeneración. Los datos publicados por la Organización Latinoamericana de Energía (OLADE) de factores de emisión sólo se tienen hasta el 2015, para los años 2016 y 2017 se estiman con función de regresión de números cuadrados. La cuantificación de las emisiones sirve de apoyo a la toma de decisiones para la inversión en planes para alcanzar los ODS del 2030.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="221752">
                <text>2019</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Venezuela, autogeneración, combustibles fósiles, gases de efecto invernadero, usuarios no residenciales</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>10.13140/RG.2.2.15226.64965</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Publicaciones en Ciencias y Tecnología</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="221756">
                <text>Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Technology, Science</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://revistas.uclave.org/index.php/pcyt/article/view/2223" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://revistas.uclave.org/index.php/pcyt/article/view/2223&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>A novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 illness, has spread throughout the world after the first case was reported from Wuhan, China, in December 2019. This illness typically causes respiratory symptoms like fever, cough, and shortness of breath, although atypical presentation with gastrointestinal symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea are being increasingly reported. The viral RNA has been detected in saliva and stool of such patients, which raises concerns regarding the risk of transmission during gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. Many patients also have liver involvement, with the most common manifestation being deranged liver function tests. This review highlights the symptomatology, mechanism, and histopathology findings of SARS-CoV-2 in GI tract and liver. This review also focuses on implications of COVID-19 in patients afflicted with chronic liver disease and in patients undergoing liver transplantation.</text>
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                <text>Showkat Ali Zargar</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1712337</text>
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                <text>Journal of Digestive Endoscopy</text>
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                <text>Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology</text>
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                <text>Mahsa Mohammadi, Mohsen Rajabnia, Mohammad Abdehagh</text>
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                <text>Background and Aim: Although COVID-19 patients typically present with respiratory symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, and bilateral pulmonary infiltration, there have been numerous reports of gastrointestinal manifestations such as diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and abdominal pain in these patients. The aim of this study was to review the gastrointestinal manifestations in COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review, we searched the key-words in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for studies published between 2019, and July 22, 2020. We selected the studies on epidemiological and clinical manifestations of COVID-19 including gastrointestinal symptoms, and excluded, duplicate publications, review articles, meta-analysis, guidelines, comment or editorials, case reports, studies with unavailable data, and studies in children. Finally, 35 articles were selected for our systematic review. Results: In our study, 6119 COVID-19 patients were evaluated for gastrointestinal manifestations. Four studies showed COVID-19 patients can merely present with gastrointestinal symptoms (highly variable, ranging from 10.1 to 100 percent). In these patients, the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms included anorexia (91.3%), nausea or/and vomiting (79.13%), diarrhea (41.73%), and abdominal pain (18.89%), respectively. Among 6119 patients, the most common gastrointestinal symptoms were nausea or/and vomiting (12.45%), diarrhea (11.47%), anorexia (9.56%), and abdominal pain (2.25%). Conclusion: This review study showed that despite the preliminary opinions, SARS-CoV-2 does not always present with respiratory symptoms. Knowledge of pathophysiology, type, and prevalence of gastrointestinal manifestations can lead to early diagnosis (considering fecal viral RNA testing for diagnosis), timely treatment, and hence better prognosis for the patients. On the other hand, gastrointestinal manifestations can raise the possibility of oral-fecal transmission, which requires necessary recommendations to reduce the risk of transmission.</text>
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                <text>مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کردستان</text>
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                <text>Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences</text>
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                <text>Gastrointestinal Presentation in COVID-19 in Indonesia:  A Case Report</text>
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                <text>Muhammad Khifzhon Azwar, Fauzia Kirana, Adi Kurniawan, Sri Handayani, Siti Setiati</text>
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                <text>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently causing a widespread infection in the world. During the pandemic, physicians may need to raise the index of suspicion earlier in at-risk patients presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms, which are uncommon findings in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. We report a patient in Indonesia with chest pain and gastrointestinal symptoms who was later confirmed to have SARS-CoV-2 infection after spending days of hospitalisation in the standard ward.</text>
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                <text>Acta Medica Indonesiana</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="40397">
                <text>Gaya bahasa repetisi ustaz adi hidayat tentang penyelenggaran ibadah dalam wabah covid-19</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="40398">
                <text>Luthfi Luthfi, Rahmad Nuthihar, Herman RN, Wahdaniah Wahdaniah</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="40399">
                <text>This study examines the style of repetition in Ustaz Adi Hidayat's preach (UAH) related to the socialization of the fatwa of the Indonesian Council of Religious Scholars (MUI) about performing worship during the COVID-19 outbreak. Data of this study were taken from the UAH's lecture which aired via Official Adi Hidayat Youtube account. Data analysis was carried out by transcribing the sermon, marking the information containing repetition and making analyzes. The results of this study conclude that not all forms of repetition styles are presented in UAH's preach, such as epistrophe.  The styles of repetition contained in his preach consist of (1) epizeuxis, (2) tautotes, (3) anaphora, (4) symploce, (5) mesodiplosis, (6) epanalepsis, (7) anadiplosis. Besides, the finding also reveals the existence of two repetition styles in one data, namely (1) anaphora and tautotes, (2) epizeuxis and tautotes, and (3) anaphora and mesodiplosis. The styles of repetition used by UAH aim to emphasize the key points of the MUI fatwa so that it can be easily understood by audiences. It is proven by the dominance of the epizeuxis and tautotes style found in this study. The findings of repetition style in spoken discourse will be different from that of written discourse. The repetition style in spoken is spontaneous. Preachers generally develop their style until repetition becomes their characteristic.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="40400">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="40401">
                <text>covid-19, language style repetition, mui fatwa</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="40402">
                <text>http://dx.doi.org/10.26555/bahastra.v40i1.15306</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="40403">
                <text>Bahastra</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="40404">
                <text>Universitas Ahmad Dahlan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="40405">
                <text>Education (General), Language and Literature</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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