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                <text>Coronavirus y las amenazas a la salud mundial</text>
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                <text>Frank Lizaraso-Caparó, José Carlos Del Carmen Sara</text>
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                <text>Desde mediados del siglo XIX, frente a las epidemias de cólera que arrasaron Europa, las autoridades sanitarias de los países afectados identificaron la necesidad de generar mecanismos que garantice una máxima seguridad contra la propagación internacional de enfermedades, con una mínima interferencia en el tráfico mundial. En noviembre de 1924, durante la VII Conferencia Sanitaria Panamericana celebrada en La Habana, Cuba, los gobiernos de 21 repúblicas americanas firmaron y ratificaron el Código Sanitario Panamericano con dicho objetivo, sostenido en la cooperación de los gobiernos, que estimulaba el intercambio de información, y fortalecía las acciones de Salud Pública y la adopción de medidas utilizadas en los puntos de entrada.</text>
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                <text>coronovairus, salud mundial</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.24265/horizmed.2020.v20n1.01</text>
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                <text>Horizonte Médico</text>
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                <text>Universidad de San Martín de Porres</text>
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                <text>The Effect of Jet Fuel Tax Changes on Air Transport, Employment, and the Environment in the US</text>
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                <text>Joseph  B. Sobieralski, Sarah  M. Hubbard</text>
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                <text>This paper presents an analysis of the effects of jet fuel taxes on air traffic, employment and emissions using a difference-in-difference design. These findings are relevant, as US airports identify how to respond to revenue shortfalls and support local employment in the recovery after Covid-19. Jet fuel tax cuts are considered pro-growth by airlines and stakeholders, however, limited research documents the impacts on airline operations, employment, and emissions, which is an increasing issue given growing societal concerns about aviation sustainability. This study provides an analysis of the effects of changes in jet fuel taxes on air travel, employment, and the environment, using a difference-in-differences design based on data from major US airlines at several US hubs. Results suggest that a jet fuel tax cut increases air traffic by 0.2% on average but fades within a year. The direct effect on air transportation employment is insignificant, as is the effect on total employment. The estimated effect on pollution is an increase of over 1% in CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions. These findings illustrate the precarious balance between air transport growth, local employment, and environmental concerns, and may aid policymakers as they consider potential changes to jet fuel taxes.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/su12083352</text>
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                <text>Environmental sciences, Renewable energy sources, Environmental effects of industries and plants</text>
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                <text>The potential application of the traditional Chinese herb Exocarpium Citri grandis in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Weiwei Su, Yonggang Wang, Peibo Li, Hao Wu, Xuan Zeng, Rui Shi, Yuying Zheng, Panlin Li, Wei Peng</text>
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                <text>Huajuhong (Exocarpium Citri grandis, ECG) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine and has been used for the treatment of respiratory diseases for hundreds of years. Recently, ECG has been listed in a traditional Chinese medicine formula in the Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (sixth edition) in China. To date, the effect and mechanism of ECG against respiratory diseases have not been systematically reviewed. In this paper, the researchers summarized the effects of ECG and its pharmacologically active compound naringin in functioning as an antitussive and expectorant, improving lung function, alleviating acute lung injury, attenuating pulmonary fibrosis, and enhancing antiviral immune response, so as to provide a reference for its clinical application in the prevention and treatment of multiple respiratory diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019.</text>
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                <text>huajuhong, Exocarpium Citri Grandis, Naringin, corona virus disease 2019, clinical application</text>
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                <text>DOI: doi:10.12032/TMR20200406172</text>
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                <text>Traditional Medicine Research</text>
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                <text>Hong Kong Gold Orchid Science and Technology Co., Limited</text>
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                <text>Emerging coronaviruses (CoV) are constant global public health threats to society. Multiple ongoing clinical trials for vaccines and antivirals against CoVs showcase the availability of medical interventions to both prevent and treat the future emergence of highly pathogenic CoVs in human. However, given the diverse nature of CoVs and our close interactions with wild, domestic and companion animals, the next epidemic zoonotic CoV could resist the existing vaccines and antivirals developed, which are primarily focused on Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS CoV). In late 2019, the novel CoV (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, China, causing global public health concern. In this review, we will summarize the key advancements of current vaccines and antivirals against SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV as well as discuss the challenge and opportunity in the current SARS-CoV-2 crisis. At the end, we advocate the development of a “plug-and-play” platform technologies that could allow quick manufacturing and administration of broad-spectrum countermeasures in an outbreak setting. We will discuss the potential of AAV-based gene therapy technology for in vivo therapeutic antibody delivery to combat SARS-CoV-2 outbreak and the future emergence of severe CoVs.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00658</text>
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                <text>Frontiers in Microbiology</text>
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                <text>Frontiers Media S.A.</text>
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                <text>Within the Lack of Chest COVID-19 X-ray Dataset: A Novel Detection Model Based on GAN and Deep Transfer Learning</text>
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                <text>Mohamed Loey, Florentin Smarandache, Nour  Eldeen M. Khalifa</text>
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                <text>The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is putting healthcare systems across the world under unprecedented and increasing pressure according to the World Health Organization (WHO). With the advances in computer algorithms and especially Artificial Intelligence, the detection of this type of virus in the early stages will help in fast recovery and help in releasing the pressure off healthcare systems. In this paper, a GAN with deep transfer learning for coronavirus detection in chest X-ray images is presented. The lack of datasets for COVID-19 especially in chest X-rays images is the main motivation of this scientific study. The main idea is to collect all the possible images for COVID-19 that exists until the writing of this research and use the GAN network to generate more images to help in the detection of this virus from the available X-rays images with the highest accuracy possible. The dataset used in this research was collected from different sources and it is available for researchers to download and use it. The number of images in the collected dataset is 307 images for four different types of classes. The classes are the COVID-19, normal, pneumonia bacterial, and pneumonia virus. Three deep transfer models are selected in this research for investigation. The models are the Alexnet, Googlenet, and Restnet18. Those models are selected for investigation through this research as it contains a small number of layers on their architectures, this will result in reducing the complexity, the consumed memory and the execution time for the proposed model. Three case scenarios are tested through the paper, the first scenario includes four classes from the dataset, while the second scenario includes 3 classes and the third scenario includes two classes. All the scenarios include the COVID-19 class as it is the main target of this research to be detected. In the first scenario, the Googlenet is selected to be the main deep transfer model as it achieves 80.6% in testing accuracy. In the second scenario, the Alexnet is selected to be the main deep transfer model as it achieves 85.2% in testing accuracy, while in the third scenario which includes two classes (COVID-19, and normal), Googlenet is selected to be the main deep transfer model as it achieves 100% in testing accuracy and 99.9% in the validation accuracy. All the performance measurement strengthens the obtained results through the research.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>2019 novel coronavirus, deep transfer learning, machine learning, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, convolutional neural network</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/sym12040651</text>
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                <text>Symmetry</text>
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                <text>MDPI AG</text>
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                <text>Mathematics</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>EN</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>La libertà di culto al tempo del coronavirus: una risposta alle critiche</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Vincenzo Pacillo</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>SOMMARIO: 1. Parole e toni - 2. La bilateralità dimenticata - 3. L’art. 14 dell’Accordo di Villa Madama preso sul serio - 4. L’uomo non è un’idea.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>DOI: </text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16620">
                <text>Stato, Chiese e Pluralismo Confessionale</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Università degli Studi di Milano</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Law</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>IT</text>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/79fda8805714bc1c7f0227c2f323f821.pdf</src>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>PLANEJAMENTO OPERACIONAL DURANTE A PANDEMIA DE COVID-19: COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE RECOMENDAÇÕES DA ORGANIZAÇÃO MUNDIAL DA SAÚDE E O PLANO DE CONTINGÊNCIA NACIONAL</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16625">
                <text>Nila Larisse Silva de Albuquerque</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16626">
                <text>Objetivo: frente à divulgação do guia COVID-19 - Operational Planning Guidelines to Support Country Preparedness and Response, pela Organização Mundial da Saúde, esta comunicação buscou comparar o conteúdo do Plano de Contingência Nacional às orientações da Organização Mundial da Saúde.Desenvolvimento: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov2), causador da COVID-19, apresenta transmissão comunitária sustentada no Brasil desde março de 2020. O país lançou seu Plano de Contingência Nacional para Infecção Humana pelo novo Coronavírus COVID-19, em fevereiro de 2020, no intuito de orientar a resposta nacional de combate à doença.Conclusão: o documento brasileiro atende parcialmente às recomendações do guia internacional e concentra suas principais lacunas nos pilares sobre pontos de entrada, prevenção e controle da infecção por SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 em equipamentos de saúde e espaços comunitários, manejo de casos suspeitos e confirmados e suporte operacional e logístico.</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>planejamento operacional, Organização Mundial da Saúde, pandemias</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/ce.v25i0.72659</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Cogitare Enfermagem</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16631">
                <text>Universidade Federal do Paraná</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Public aspects of medicine, Medicine (General), Nursing</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>EN, PT</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Preliminary Recommendations for Lung Surgery during 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic Period</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16635">
                <text>Xin Li, Minghui LIU, Qingchun Zhao, Renwang LIU, Hongbing Zhang, Ming Dong, Song XU, Honglin Zhao, Sen WEI, Zuoqing Song, Gang Chen, Jun Chen</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>In December 2019, China diagnosed the first patient with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and the following development of the epidemic had a huge impact on China and the whole world. For patients with lung occupying lesions, the whole process of diagnosis and treatment can not be carried out as usual due to the epidemic. For thoracic surgeons, the timing of surgical intervention should be very carefully considered. All thoracic surgeons in China should work together to develop the proper procedures for the diagnosis and treatment in this special situation, and continuously update the recommendations based on epidemic changes and further understanding of COVID-19. Here, we only offer some preliminary suggestions based on our own knowledge for further reference and discussion.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16638">
                <text>2019 novel coronavirus disease (covid-19), lung occupying lesions, surgical treatment</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.01</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16640">
                <text>Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16641">
                <text>Chinese Anti-Cancer Association; Chinese Antituberculosis Association</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="16642">
                <text>Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16643">
                <text>ZH</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>Systematic Review of Important Viral Diseases in Africa in Light of the ‘One Health’ Concept</text>
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                <text>Ravendra  P. Chauhan, Zelalem G. Dessie, Ayman Noreddin, Mohamed E. El Zowalaty</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Emerging and re-emerging viral diseases are of great public health concern. The recent emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in December 2019 in China, which causes COVID-19 disease in humans, and its current spread to several countries, leading to the first pandemic in history to be caused by a coronavirus, highlights the significance of zoonotic viral diseases. Rift Valley fever, rabies, West Nile, chikungunya, dengue, yellow fever, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Ebola, and influenza viruses among many other viruses have been reported from different African countries. The paucity of information, lack of knowledge, limited resources, and climate change, coupled with cultural traditions make the African continent a hotspot for vector-borne and zoonotic viral diseases, which may spread globally. Currently, there is no information available on the status of virus diseases in Africa. This systematic review highlights the available information about viral diseases, including zoonotic and vector-borne diseases, reported in Africa. The findings will help us understand the trend of emerging and re-emerging virus diseases within the African continent. The findings recommend active surveillance of viral diseases and strict implementation of One Health measures in Africa to improve human public health and reduce the possibility of potential pandemics due to zoonotic viruses.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Africa, Emerging, Reemerging, infectious diseases, Pandemic, SARS-CoV-2</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9040301</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>Pathogens</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>MDPI AG</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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                <text>EN</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/34b4d04660d29638055f322c77e21cd1.pdf</src>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Preliminary Recommendations for Lung Surgery during 2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic Period</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="16655">
                <text>Xin Li, Minghui LIU, Qingchun Zhao, Renwang LIU, Hongbing Zhang, Ming Dong, Song XU, Honglin Zhao, Sen WEI, Zuoqing Song, Gang Chen, Jun Chen</text>
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                <text>In December 2019, China diagnosed the first patient with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and the following development of the epidemic had a huge impact on China and the whole world. For patients with lung occupying lesions, the whole process of diagnosis and treatment can not be carried out as usual due to the epidemic. For thoracic surgeons, the timing of surgical intervention should be very carefully considered. All thoracic surgeons in China should work together to develop the proper procedures for the diagnosis and treatment in this special situation, and continuously update the recommendations based on epidemic changes and further understanding of COVID-19. Here, we only offer some preliminary suggestions based on our own knowledge for further reference and discussion.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2020</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>2019 novel coronavirus disease (covid-19), lung occupying lesions, surgical treatment</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.03.01</text>
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                <text>Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Chinese Anti-Cancer Association; Chinese Antituberculosis Association</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>ZH</text>
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