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Streptococcus pneumoniae coinfection is correlated with the severity of H1N1 pandemic influenza.
Initial reports in May 2009 of the novel influenza strain H1N1pdm estimated a case fatality rate (CFR) of 0.6%, similar to that of seasonal influenza. In July 2009, however, Argentina reported 3056 cases with 137 deaths, representing a CFR of 4.5%.…
Position: 11134 (24 views)
Identification of diverse viruses in upper respiratory samples in dromedary camels from United Arab Emirates.
Camels are known carriers for many viral pathogens, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). It is likely that there are additional, as yet unidentified viruses in camels with the potential to cause disease in humans. In…
Position: 16078 (19 views)
Trends in notifiable infectious diseases in China: implications for surveillance and population health policy.
This study aimed to analyse trends in notifiable infectious diseases in China, in their historical context. Both English and Chinese literature was searched and diseases were categorised according to the type of disease or transmission route.…
Position: 14062 (21 views)
Early epidemiological assessment of the virulence of emerging infectious diseases: a case study of an influenza pandemic.
BACKGROUND:The case fatality ratio (CFR), the ratio of deaths from an infectious disease to the number of cases, provides an assessment of virulence. Calculation of the ratio of the cumulative number of deaths to cases during the course of an…
Position: 14062 (21 views)
Pathogen cross-transmission via building sanitary plumbing systems in a full scale pilot test-rig.
The WHO Consensus Document on the epidemiology of the SARS epidemic in 2003, included a report on a concentrated outbreak in one Hong Kong housing block which was considered a 'super-spreading event'. The WHO report conjectured that the sanitary…
Position: 9436 (26 views)
Acquisition of cell-cell fusion activity by amino acid substitutions in spike protein determines the infectivity of a coronavirus in cultured cells.
Coronavirus host and cell specificities are determined by specific interactions between the viral spike (S) protein and host cell receptor(s). Avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis (IBV) has been adapted to embryonated chicken eggs, primary chicken…
Position: 4288 (37 views)
Correction: Serological Evidence of MERS-CoV Antibodies in Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedaries) in Laikipia County, Kenya.
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0140125.].
Position: 15133 (20 views)
Coronavirus spike protein inhibits host cell translation by interaction with eIF3f.
In response to viral infection, the expression of numerous host genes, including predominantly a number of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, is usually up-regulated at both transcriptional and translational levels. It was noted that in cells…
Position: 2014 (50 views)
Detection of Zika virus using reverse-transcription LAMP coupled with reverse dot blot analysis in saliva.
In recent years, there have been increasing numbers of infectious disease outbreaks that spread rapidly to population centers resulting from global travel, population vulnerabilities, environmental factors, and ecological disasters such as floods and…
Position: 3248 (42 views)
The SARS Coronavirus 3a protein causes endoplasmic reticulum stress and induces ligand-independent downregulation of the type 1 interferon receptor.
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is reported to cause apoptosis of infected cells and several of its proteins including the 3a accessory protein, are pro-apoptotic. Since the 3a protein localizes to the endoplasmic…
Position: 12067 (23 views)