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                <text>Lung cavitation in COVID-19 pneumonia.</text>
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                <text>A Ammar, J-L Drapé, M-P Revel</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>10.1016/j.diii.2020.09.007</text>
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                <text>Diagnostic and interventional imaging</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Covid-19 Outbreak Progression in Italian Regions: Approaching the Peak by the End of March in Northern Italy and First Week of April in Southern Italy</text>
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                <text>Alessandro Miani, Cosimo Distante, Prisco Piscitelli</text>
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                <text>Epidemiological figures of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Italy are higher than those observed in China. Our objective was to model the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak progression in Italian regions vs. Lombardy to assess the epidemic’s progression. Our setting was Italy, and especially Lombardy, which is experiencing a heavy burden of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The peak of new daily cases of the epidemic has been reached on the 29th, while was delayed in Central and Southern Italian regions compared to Northern ones. In our models, we estimated the basic reproduction number (R0), which represents the average number of people that can be infected by a person who has already acquired the infection, both by fitting the exponential growth rate of the infection across a 1-month period and also by using day-by-day assessments based on single observations. We used the susceptible–exposed–infected–removed (SEIR) compartment model to predict the spreading of the pandemic in Italy. The two methods provide an agreement of values, although the first method based on exponential fit should provide a better estimation, being computed on the entire time series. Taking into account the growth rate of the infection across a 1-month period, each infected person in Lombardy has involved 4 other people (3.6 based on data of April 23rd) compared to a value of R0 = 2.68, as reported in the Chinese city of Wuhan. According to our model, Piedmont, Veneto, Emilia Romagna, Tuscany and Marche will reach an R0 value of up to 3.5. The R0 was 3.11 for Lazio and 3.14 for the Campania region, where the latter showed the highest value among the Southern Italian regions, followed by Apulia (3.11), Sicily (2.99), Abruzzo (3.0), Calabria (2.84), Basilicata (2.66), and Molise (2.6). The R0 value is decreased in Lombardy and the Northern regions, while it is increased in Central and Southern regions. The expected peak of the SEIR model is set at the end of March, at a national level, with Southern Italian regions reaching the peak in the first days of April. Regarding the strengths and limitations of this study, our model is based on assumptions that might not exactly correspond to the evolution of the epidemic. What we know about the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic is based on Chinese data that seems to be different than those from Italy; Lombardy is experiencing an evolution of the epidemic that seems unique inside Italy and Europe, probably due to demographic and environmental factors.</text>
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                <text>covid-19, model, peak, Italian Regions, Outbreak Progression</text>
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                <text>10.3390/ijerph17093025</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Should the Management of Embolic Stroke in the Elderly Be Changed if They Also Have COVID-19?</text>
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                <text>Maria Carolina dos Santos Sousa Duarte Seabra, Barbara Silva, Vitor Fagundes, João Rocha, Luís Nogueira, Mari Mesquita</text>
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                <text>Introduction: A strong association between stroke and atrial fibrillation (AF) has been demonstrated. Anticoagulation for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients has the benefit of improving the life expectancy, quality of life, autonomy and social functioning of the patient. The COVID-19 pandemic poses challenges for stroke patients because of the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and thromboembolic risk.  Case description: We describe the case of an 84-year-old female patient admitted due to an embolic stroke and non-anticoagulated AF. Her admission symptoms were sensory-motor aphasia and severe right limb paresis with an NIHSS score of 24. The diagnosis of embolic stroke (namely, total anterior circulation infarct; TACI) was made. Her stroke was extensive so she was not started on anticoagulation. During hospitalization, new embolic events occurred and a concomitant diagnosis of COVID-19 was made with progressive respiratory dysfunction followed by multiorgan failure. The patient died despite appropriate treatment.  Discussion: The prognosis of elderly patients with cardioembolic stroke depends on anticoagulation administration. The NIHSS score on admission of our patient meant anticoagulation therapy was not appropriate. The diagnosis of COVID-19 contributed to the patient’s death.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Stroke, atrial fibrillation, Embolism</text>
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                <text>10.12890/2020_001736</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Validation of the Smart City as a Sustainable Development Knowledge Tool: The Challenge of Using Technologies in Education during COVID-19</text>
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                <text>María del Carmen Olmos Gómez, Mónica Luque Suárez, Jesús  Manuel Cuevas-Rincón, Soraya Mohamed-Mohamed</text>
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                <text>The objective of this research was to design and validate a questionnaire for teachers on the knowledge and use of smart city concepts and their usefulness in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic based on a sustainable approach at different educational levels. It is important to analyze the use of online education based on the construction of intelligent learning environments, which favor the interaction between the environment and the student. With a quasi-experimental methodology, the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM), and the model was adjusted through a multivariate regression analysis to relate response patterns to a set of latent factors that cannot be directly observed, but exist in continuous dimensions of the people evaluated, and to create a valid and reliable instrument as a measurement tool using a sample of n = 973 subjects. The sample distribution consisted of 22.36% primary school teachers, 59.01% high school teachers, and 18.56% university teachers. The results showed a high reliability and construct validity through two models, and adjustment of the original model produced better goodness-of-fit parameters. We conclude that the designed questionnaire is a useful and valid tool for understanding how teachers have approached online teaching during the pandemic and their knowledge and use of Smart City concepts.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>e-learning, ICT, smart cities, structural equation modeling (SEM), readjustment</text>
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                <text>10.3390/su12208384</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable energy sources, Environmental sciences</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>In Young Adults with COVID-19, Obesity Is Associated with Adverse Outcomes</text>
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                <text>Eric Steinberg, Ellsworth Wright, Beth Kushner</text>
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                <text>Introduction: For patients with COVID-19, several characteristics have been identified that may be associated with adverse outcomes. However, there is a paucity of data regarding the effect of obesity on young adult patients with COVID-19. We sought to identify whether adverse outcomes are associated with obesity, particularly in COVID-19 patients 45 years and younger. Methods: This was a two-center, retrospective cohort study that included 210 patients. Eligible patients were between the ages of 18–45 years old, had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction via nasopharyngeal swab, and were not pregnant. Primary outcomes were defined as follows: 1) in-hospital mortality during the study period; 2) need for mechanical ventilation; and 3) admission to the hospital. We analyzed baseline characteristics of the cohort using descriptive statistics. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated to assess associations between outcomes and obesity, defined as body mass index (BMI) &gt;30. Results: Of those patients who tested positive, 18 died during hospitalization (9%), 36 (17%) required mechanical ventilation, and 94 (45%) were admitted. Each of the primary outcomes was significantly associated with a BMI &gt;30 (mortality OR = 6.29, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.76–22.46, p = 0.0046; mechanical ventilation OR = 6.01, 95% CI, 2.5–14.48, p = 0.0001; admission OR 2.61, 95% CI, 1.49–4.58, p =.0008). Conclusion: Obesity appears to be an independent risk factor for poor outcomes in young patients with COVID-19. Future studies examining the clinical characteristics and risk factors of COVID-19 patients across large, diverse populations will strengthen our understanding of this novel and complex disease.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>10.5811/westjem.2020.5.47972</text>
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                <text>Western Journal of Emergency Medicine</text>
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                <text>eScholarship Publishing, University of California</text>
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                <text>Medicine, Medical emergencies. Critical care. Intensive care. First aid</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>COVID-19 and lessons from multi-hazard early warning systems</text>
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                <text>D. P. Rogers, L. Anderson-Berry, A.-M. Bogdanova, G. Fleming, H. Gitay, S. Kahandawa, H. Kootval, M. Staudinger, M. Suwa, V. Tsirkunov, W. Wang</text>
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                <text>Having a common framework for early action to cope with complex disasters can make it easier for authorities and other stakeholders, including populations at risk, to understand the full spectrum of secondary and tertiary effects and thus where to focus preparedness efforts, and how best to provide more targeted warnings and response services. Meteorological and hydrological services world-wide have developed and implemented Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems (MHEWS) for weather and climate related hazards that are now being expanded and transitioned towards Multi-Hazard Impact-based Early Warning Systems (MHIEWS). While it is still early days it is becoming clear that there are useful lessons from this approach in the COVID-19 global pandemic, and some valuable insight to be gained in risk communication, risk analysis and monitoring methodologies and approaches. The ability to understand and respond effectively to warnings through appropriate behaviours and actions is central to resilient societies and communities. By avoiding physical, societal and economic harm to the greatest extent possible, recovery from a hazard is likely to be faster, less costly and more complete.     MHIEWS can be a common approach for all hazards and therefore more likely to become a trusted tool that everyone can understand and use as a basic element of their national disaster risk management system. The interconnectedness of hazards and their impacts is a strong motivator for a common approach. One of the lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic and extreme weather events is the need to understand the vulnerability of individuals, communities and societies so as to provide reliable, targeted guidance and warnings and the willingness and capacity to prepare for a reasonable worst-case scenario based on informed long-term planning. Meteorology and hydrology are making good progress in this direction and the process can be readily applied to health and other sectors.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44862">
                <text>Advances in Science and Research</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44863">
                <text>Copernicus Publications</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Science, Physics, Meteorology. Climatology</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>International Evidence of COVID-19 and Stock Market Returns: An Event Study Analysis</text>
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                <text>Ahmad Bash</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>We study the effect of the first registered case of COVID-19 on stock market returns using event study analysis. Mean-adjusted returns and market model methods are used to estimate cumulative abnormal returns for 30 countries. The results show that stock market returns experience a downwards trend as well as significant negative returns following the COVID-19 outbreak.Keywords: COVID-19, event study, index returns; pandemicsJEL Classification: G14DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijefi.9941</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44855">
                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
              </elementText>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Business, Economics as a science</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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                <text>From Preaching Faith to Spreading the Virus: A Study of The Tablighi Jama’at in Pakistan</text>
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                <text>Kausar Ali, Huang Minxing</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>With the emergence of coronavirus disease or coronavirus pandemic, now popularly known as COVID-19, a new world-wide discussion started that religion and religious gatherings playing an active role in accelerating the spread of coronavirus in the world. If, on the one hand, religious gatherings were banned or at least limited in some Muslim countries while on the other hand, such faith-based gatherings have proven to be the hotbeds for outbreaks. The purpose of this study is to investigate the connection between the Tablighi Jama’at (TJ) and the coronavirus in Pakistan. It is believed that the participants carried the virus into different parts of Pakistan. This study finds that Tablighi Jamaat’s factor in the spread of coronavirus in Pakistan cannot be ignored. Shia pilgrims from Iran also brought the virus from Iran into Pakistan. The paper finds that this pandemic may once again raise the issue of sectarianism in the county. The present research finds that Islamists have always been supported by the state. Now it has become very difficult for state policy-makers to resist them in the present fight against the coronavirus.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, Pakistan, political Islam, Tablīghī Jamaʻāt, shia pilgrims, annual ijtima</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Social sciences (General)</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>The Rationale for Potential Pharmacotherapy of COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Mohamed  A. Saleh, Maha Saber-Ayad</text>
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                <text>On 11 March 2020, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was defined by the World Health Organization as a pandemic. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the newly evolving human coronavirus infection that causes COVID-19, and it first appeared in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and spread rapidly all over the world. COVID-19 is being increasingly investigated through virology, epidemiology, and clinical management strategies. There is currently no established consensus on the standard of care in the pharmacological treatment of COVID-19 patients. However, certain medications suggested for other diseases have been shown to be potentially effective for treating this infection, though there has yet to be clear evidence. Therapies include new agents that are currently tested in several clinical trials, in addition to other medications that have been repurposed as antiviral and immune-modulating therapies. Previous high-morbidity human coronavirus epidemics such as the 2003 SARS-CoV and the 2012 Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) prompted the identification of compounds that could theoretically be active against the emerging coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, advances in molecular biology techniques and computational analysis have allowed for the better recognition of the virus structure and the quicker screening of chemical libraries to suggest potential therapies. This review aims to summarize rationalized pharmacotherapy considerations in COVID-19 patients in order to serve as a tool for health care professionals at the forefront of clinical care during this pandemic. All the reviewed therapies require either additional drug development or randomized large-scale clinical trials to be justified for clinical use.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, chloroquine, favipiravir, Remdesivir, lopinavir</text>
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                <text>10.3390/ph13050096</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44840">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44841">
                <text>Medicine, Pharmacy and materia medica</text>
              </elementText>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="1">
      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44824">
                <text>Atypical presentation of abdominal pain and fever in positive patient for COVID19. Case report and literature review</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44825">
                <text>Mauricio González Arias</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44826">
                <text>The clinical case of a 38-year-old female patient, seen in an emergency room in a New York hospital, who consults for abdominal pain, fever and fatigue is presented. Complementary studies show lymphopenia and slight alteration of transaminases. Abdominopelvic CT scan visualizes images in the lung bases, reticulonodular type. A sample was taken for COVID-19. She was managed in emergencies with parenteral hydration, antipyretics, oral antibiotics are indicated and social isolation measures are instructed. Two days later, it cost again, confirming positive COVID-19. It is followed on an outpatient basis, one week later with good clinical evolution. Additionally, a clinical review and pathophysiological explanation of the involvement of the digestive tract by the virus and the atypical form of presentation with abdominal pain are shown.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44827">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44828">
                <text>covid-19, Pandemic, Coronavirus infection, abdominal pain, glycoprotein  from  the  coronavirus  spike;</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44829">
                <text>10.25176/RFMH.v20i2.2934</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44830">
                <text>Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44831">
                <text>Universidad Ricardo Palma</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44832">
                <text>Medicine, Medicine (General)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
