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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Analysis of the Influence of Psychological Contract on Employee Safety Behaviors against COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Yuexin Du, Hui Liu</text>
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                <text>This study explored the influencing factors of safety behavior from the perspective of employees, studied the mechanism of the psychological contract on employees’ safety behavior in the context of the Chinese epidemic situation, tested the mediating role of job burnout and perceived insider status in the process of work resumption, and provided preventive suggestions for combating the global spread of COVID-19. A questionnaire survey was utilized to collect data and, combined with the necessary protective measures taken for employees in China, was used to modify the mature safety behavior scale. Finally, through the analysis of 402 employees’ questionnaires, the hypotheses were verified; that is, in the process of Chinese enterprises returning to work to cope with COVID-19, the psychological contract has a positive role in promoting employees’ safety behavior, while job burnout plays a weakened mediating role, and perceived insider status plays a strengthening mediating role. The psychological contract negatively affects job burnout but positively affects perceived insider status. Job burnout negatively affects employees’ safety behavior, but perceived insider status positively affects employees’ safety behavior. The results show that employees’ conscious participation in safety behavior plays an irreplaceable role in the prevention of COVID-19 and safety of work resumption.</text>
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                <text>covid-19, job burnout, Psychological Contract, safety behavior, perceived insider status, double mediators</text>
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                <text>10.3390/ijerph17186747</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Assessing and Comparing COVID-19 Intervention Strategies Using a Varying Partial Consensus Fuzzy Collaborative Intelligence Approach</text>
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                <text>Hsin-Chieh Wu, Yu-Cheng Wang, Tin-Chih  Toly Chen</text>
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                <text>The COVID-19 pandemic has severely impacted our daily lives. For tackling the COVID-19 pandemic, various intervention strategies have been adopted by country (or city) governments around the world. However, whether an intervention strategy will be successful, acceptable, and cost-effective or not is still questionable. To address this issue, a varying partial consensus fuzzy collaborative intelligence approach is proposed in this study to assess an intervention strategy. In the varying partial consensus fuzzy collaborative intelligence approach, multiple decision makers express their judgments on the relative priorities of factors critical to an intervention strategy. If decision makers lack an overall consensus, the layered partial consensus approach is applied to aggregate their judgments for each critical factor. The number of decision makers that reach a partial consensus varies from a critical factor to another. Subsequently, the generalized fuzzy weighted assessment approach is proposed to evaluate the overall performance of an intervention strategy for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic. The proposed methodology has been applied to compare 15 existing intervention strategies for tackling the COVID-19 pandemic.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19 pandemic, Intervention strategy, Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process, layered partial consensus</text>
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                <text>10.3390/math8101725</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Mathematics</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Clinical characteristics and risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among patients under investigation in Thailand</text>
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                <text>Jackrapong Bruminhent, Nattanon Ruangsubvilai, Jeff Nabhindhakara, Atiporn Ingsathit, Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul, Muhammad Adrish</text>
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                <text>To manage coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a national health authority has implemented a case definition of patients under investigation (PUIs) to guide clinicians’ diagnoses. We aimed to determine characteristics among all PUIs and those with and without COVID-19. We retrospectively reviewed clinical characteristics and risk factors for laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases among PUIs at a tertiary care center in Bangkok, Thailand, between March 23 and April 7, 2020. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for SARS-CoV-2 RNA was performed. There were 405 evaluable PUIs; 157 (38.8%) were men, with a mean age ± SD of 36.2 ± 12.6 years. The majority (68.9%) reported no comorbidities. There were 53 (13.1%) confirmed COVID-19 cases. The most common symptoms among those were cough (73.6%), fever (58.5%), sore throat (39.6%), and muscle pain (37.4%). Among these patients, diagnoses were upper respiratory tract infection (69.8%), viral syndrome (15.1%), pneumonia (11.3%), and asymptomatic infection (3.8%). Multivariate analysis identified close contact with an index case (OR, 3.49; 95%CI, 1.49–8.15; P = 0.004), visiting high-risk places (OR, 1.92; 95%CI, 1.03–3.56; P = 0.039), productive cough (OR, 2.03; 95%CI, 1.05–3.92; P = 0.034), and no medical coverage (OR, 3.91; 95%CI, 1.35–11.32; P = 0.012) as independent risk factors for COVID-19 among the PUIs. The majority had favorable outcomes, though one (1.9%) died from severe pneumonia. COVID-19 was identified in 13% of PUIs defined per a national health authority’s case definition. History of contact with a COVID-19 patient, visiting a high-risk place, having no medical coverage, and productive cough may identify individuals at risk of COVID-19 in Thailand.</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Science, Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>The Impact of the Covid-19 Crisis on Financial Markets: The Case of Turkey</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Orhan Çoban, Özer Coşkun, Ayşe Çoban</text>
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                <text>The main purpose of this study, the example of Turkey Covid-19 is analyzing the effects of the financial market crisis. In this way, it has been tried to contribute to the literature on the effects of Covid-19 on the markets. Daily data for the period 16.03.2020-21.08.2020 were taken into account in the analyzes. In analyzing the relationships between variables, besides ADF Unit Root Test, Zivot-Andrews Unit Root Test with structural break and Toda-Yamamoto Causality Test were used. According to the ADF unit root test results, all variables were found to be stationary at the first level. According to the Zivot-Andrews test, although the degree of stability of the GOLD series is 2, when the correlogram of the series is examined, it is determined that the first difference is stationary. Bivariate VAR models, one of which is the CASE (VAKA) variable and the other the financial variable, were created to determine the causality relationships between Covid-19 daily case numbers (VAKA) and other financial indicators. Schwarz Information Criterion (SIC) was used to determine lag lengths related to Toda-Yamamoto causality tests. According to the Toda-Yamamoto causality test results, a statistically significant causality was determined from the number of cases to the Euro and USD (Dollar) exchange rate.</text>
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                <text>Finansal Piyasalar, covid-19 krizi, toda-yamamoto nedensellik testi</text>
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                <text>10.21547/jss.787158</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Social sciences (General), Social Sciences</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Tüketicilerin Covid-19 Döneminde Yayınlanan Birlik Beraberlik ve Motivasyon Temalı Reklamlara Yönelik Algıları</text>
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                <text>İ̇smail Erkan</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44298">
                <text>Bu araştırmanın amacı tüketicilerin Covid-19 salgınının başlangıç döneminde markalar tarafından yayınlanan birlik, beraberlik ve motivasyon temalı reklamlar hakkındaki düşüncelerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nitel araştırma yöntemlerine başvurulmuş, 13 tüketici ile yarı yapılandırılmış, derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler tematik analiz yöntemi ile çözümlenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda her biri 2’şer alt koda sahip 3 temel boyutla karşılaşılmıştır: umut (umut ışığı olma, yalnız olmama hissi), yapaylık (fayda sunmama, duygu sömürüsü), ve icraat (somut katkı sunma, marka tercihi). Çalışmanın sonuçları birlik, beraberlik ve motivasyon temalı reklamların tüketicilerin bir kısmı için umut ışığı olup, onlara yalnız olmadıklarını hissettirdiği; ancak bazı tüketiciler tarafından da yapay bulunduğu ve duygu sömürüsü olarak algılandığını göstermektedir. Bu tür reklamların tüketicilerin marka tercihlerini değiştirmediği, ancak salgınla mücadeleye katkı sağlayan somut reklamların tüketicilerin tercihlerinde önemli bir rol oynadığı anlaşılmaktadır.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44299">
                <text>2020</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44300">
                <text>covid-19, consumer behaviour, advertisement, Tüketici Davranışları, brand, Marka, Reklam</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44301">
                <text>10.21547/jss.788085</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44303">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Social sciences (General), Social Sciences</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Tobacco, but Not Nicotine and Flavor-Less Electronic Cigarettes, Induces ACE2 and Immune Dysregulation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44288">
                <text>Jaideep Chakladar, Wei  Tse Li, Weg  M. Ongkeko, Abby  C. Lee, Chengyu Chen, Eric  Y. Chang, Jessica Wang-Rodriguez</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, overlaps with the ongoing epidemics of cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette (e-cig) vaping. However, there is scarce data relating COVID-19 risks and outcome with cigarette or e-cig use. In this study, we mined three independent RNA expression datasets from smokers and vapers to understand the potential relationship between vaping/smoking and the dysregulation of key genes and pathways related to COVID-19. We found that smoking, but not vaping, upregulates ACE2, the cellular receptor that SARS-CoV-2 requires for infection. Both smoking and use of nicotine and flavor-containing e-cigs led to upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammasome-related genes. Specifically, chemokines including CCL20 and CXCL8 are upregulated in smokers, and CCL5 and CCR1 are upregulated in flavor/nicotine-containing e-cig users. We also found genes implicated in inflammasomes, such as CXCL1, CXCL2, NOD2, and ASC, to be upregulated in smokers and these e-cig users. Vaping flavor and nicotine-less e-cigs, however, did not lead to significant cytokine dysregulation and inflammasome activation. Release of inflammasome products, such as IL-1B, and cytokine storms are hallmarks of COVID-19 infection, especially in severe cases. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that smoking or vaping may critically exacerbate COVID-19-related inflammation or increase susceptibility to COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44291">
                <text>covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, tobacco, electronic cigarettes, Vaping</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44292">
                <text>10.3390/ijms21155513</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44293">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44294">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44295">
                <text>Biology (General), Chemistry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  <item itemId="4918" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
      <file fileId="4918">
        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/1073cd482d9fd6bc0ca20b7dd6aefb76.pdf</src>
        <authentication>e342a72ff352da0376585b61a2bcc352</authentication>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
    </itemType>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44279">
                <text>O novo coronavírus, a pedagogia histórico-crítica, a sociedade de classes e o internacionalismo proletário</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44280">
                <text>Paulino José Orso</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44281">
                <text>Pela primeira vez na história, a humanidade vivencia um confinamento forçado que paralisou mais de 3,5 bilhões de pessoas, ou seja, mais da metade da população do planeta. Um fato inédito, que já entrou para a história, porém, da forma mais apavorante possível, gerando pânico, espalhando temor, provocando incertezas – certamente será lembrada por séculos, tanto por suas consequências econômicas, como humanas e sociais.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44282">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44283">
                <text>coronavirus, covid-19, Pedagogia histórico-crítica</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44284">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44285">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Education</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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  <item itemId="4917" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/5d87ecb0db71498bccf15dfc7300c2b8.pdf</src>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Effects of Weather on Coronavirus Pandemic</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44271">
                <text>Qasim Bukhari, Joseph  M. Massaro, Ralph  B. D’Agostino, Sheraz Khan</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally and has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. While influenza virus shows seasonality, it is unknown if COVID-19 has any weather-related affect. In this work, we analyze the patterns in local weather of all the regions affected by COVID-19 globally. Our results indicate that approximately 85% of the COVID-19 reported cases until 1 May 2020, making approximately 3 million reported cases (out of approximately 29 million tests performed) have occurred in regions with temperature between 3 and 17 °C and absolute humidity between 1 and 9 g/m3. Similarly, hot and humid regions outside these ranges have only reported around 15% or approximately 0.5 million cases (out of approximately 7 million tests performed). This suggests that weather might be playing a role in COVID-19 spread across the world. However, this role could be limited in US and European cities (above 45 N), as mean temperature and absolute humidity levels do not reach these ranges even during the peak summer months. For hot and humid countries, most of them have already been experiencing temperatures &gt;35 °C and absolute humidity &gt;9 g/m3 since the beginning of March, and therefore the effect of weather, however little it is, has already been accounted for in the COVID-19 spread in those regions, and they must take strict social distancing measures to stop the further spread of COVID-19. Our analysis showed that the effect of weather may have only resulted in comparatively slower spread of COVID-19, but not halted it. We found that cases in warm and humid countries have consistently increased, accounting for approximately 500,000 cases in regions with absolute humidity &gt;9 g/m3, therefore effective public health interventions must be implemented to stop the spread of COVID-19. This also means that ‘summer’ would not alone stop the spread of COVID-19 in any part of the world.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44274">
                <text>coronavirus, covid-19, covid, temperature, humidity, tropical</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44275">
                <text>10.3390/ijerph17155399</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44276">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44277">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44278">
                <text>Medicine</text>
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  <item itemId="4916" public="1" featured="0">
    <fileContainer>
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        <src>https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/a09a61bdc810f33c561ad3a3d79e9d74.pdf</src>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="1">
                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="2">
                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44262">
                <text>Diarrhea as an Early and Predominant Manifestation of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19):  A Case Report</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44263">
                <text>Nikko Darnindro, Linda Nurdewati, Annela Manurung, M Ikhsan Mokoagow, Jerry Nasarudin, Elisabeth Yasmine Wardoyo, Anggraini Permata Sari, Aryan Yohanes Djojo, Martha Iskandar, Giri Adji, Marina Epriliawati, Ifael Mauleti, Edi Mulyana, Arnold Harahap</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44264">
                <text>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease that spreads very rapidly and therefore, WHO has declared it as a global pandemic disease. The main clinical symptoms found in COVID-19 patients are cough and fever; however, in some cases, diarrhea can be one of the early symptoms. The present case report describes a patient who came with a complaint of diarrhea without fever and she was later confirmed to be positive for COVID-19 during hospitalization. The presence of unspecified initial symptoms calls for greater vigilance from health workers in establishing diagnosis patients with COVID-19.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>diarrhea, covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, Indonesia, early manifestations</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44267">
                <text>Acta Medica Indonesiana</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Interna Publishing</text>
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                <text>Mehmet Akif Eri̇şen, Fatma Özlem Yılmaz</text>
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                <text>Araştırma COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde bireylerin cepten yaptıkları sağlık ve diğer amaçlı harcamalarının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada 484 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada 33 sorunun yer aldığı bir anket formu kullanılmış ve bu form yazarlar tarafından uzman görüşü alınarak hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri 2020 yılı Haziran ayı içerisinde online ortamda toplanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde SPSS 20 paket programı kullanılarak tanımlayıcı istatistiksel analizlere ek olarak, Mann Whitney U ve Pearson Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada katılımcıların %61,6’sı kadınlardan oluşurken katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 30,98±10,01 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların %10,1’inin kronik rahatsızlığı bulunmakta ve %22,3’ü aynı evde risk grubundaki bireylerle yaşamaktadır. Tüm bunlara ek olarak katılımcıların %61,8’i COVID-19’u ölümcül düzeyde tehlikeli bulurken, %82,9’u Türkiye’yi COVID-19 pandemisi ile mücadelede oldukça veya çok başarılı bulmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda COVID-19 pandemisi sebepli hane bazlı harcamalar incelendiğinde sağlık amaçlı 436,1 TL, diğer amaçlı 1011,9 TL ve toplamda 1163,3 TL ortalama harcama yapıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca harcamaların yaş, medeni durum, cinsiyet ve COVID-19 tanısı alma durumuna göre farklılık gösterdiği ve harcamalar ile katılımcıların yaş, eğitim düzeyi ve Türkiye’yi pandemi ile mücadelede başarılı bulma düzeyleri arasında ilişkilerin olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Pandemic, Pandemi, individual spending, bireysel harcama</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.21547/jss.787849</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Social sciences (General), Social Sciences</text>
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