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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Pronóstico productivo de la avena forrajera de  temporal por efecto del cambio climático en el  noroeste de Chihuahua, México</text>
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                <text>Daniel Villazón Bustillos, Héctor Rubio Arias, Jesús M. Ochoa Rivero, Celia de la Mora</text>
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                <text>El cambio climático puede afectar la productividad de los cultivos en una región determinada. El  objetivo  fue  identificar  la  variabilidad  en  la  producción  de  avena  forrajera  ( Avena  sativa L.)  de  temporal  utilizando una  función  estocástica  y  analizar  sus  relaciones  con  la  temperatura  y  precipitación, ante escenarios de cambio climático en  la región  noroeste de Chihuahua, México.  Se  obtuvo  información  estadística  de  13  años  (2001 - 2013)  en  las  estaciones  meteorológicas de  los   municipios   de   Bachíniva   y   Namiquipa   utilizando   la   información   de   julio,   agosto   y  septiembre,  en  cuyo  periodo  se  concentra  alrededor  del  80%  de  la  precipitación  anual.  Se  tomó  información  del  modelo  HadCM3  (Modelo  acoplado  del  Centro  Hadley  versión  3,  2001)  que  describe el comportamiento de variables climáticas bajo escenarios de emisión de contaminantes  A2  y  B2  para  los  años  2050  y  2080.  Los  cambios  en  las  variables  climáticas  en  el  corto  plazo  (2050)  se  esperan  con  un  aumento  tanto  en  la  temperatur a  como  en  la  precipitación,  lo  que  permite en el caso de Bachíniva  mejorar  la producción de avena de 3.57 t/ha a 8.11 t/ha bajo en  escenario  de  emisión  de  contaminantes  A2.  A  largo  plazo  (2080)  se  espera  un  incremento  permanente en la temperatura y sin imp ortar que tanto mejore la precipitación, esto provocara que  en  las  actuales  regiones  productoras  de  avena  no  se  logren  desarrollar  los  cultivos  para  su  cosecha.</text>
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                <text>2017</text>
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                <text>Nova Scientia</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Universidad De La Salle Bajío</text>
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                <text>Social Sciences, Science (General), Social sciences (General), Science</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=203353519029" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=203353519029&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Proofreading-Deficient Coronaviruses Adapt for Increased Fitness over Long-Term Passage without Reversion of Exoribonuclease-Inactivating Mutations</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="21550">
                <text>Kevin W. Graepel, Xiao-Tao Lü, James Brett Case, Nicole  R. Sexton, Everett Clinton Smith, Mark R. Denison, Kanta Subbarao</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The coronavirus (CoV) RNA genome is the largest among the single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses. CoVs encode a proofreading 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease within nonstructural protein 14 (nsp14-ExoN) that is responsible for CoV high-fidelity replication. Alanine substitution of ExoN catalytic residues [ExoN(-)] in severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and murine hepatitis virus (MHV) disrupts ExoN activity, yielding viable mutant viruses with defective replication, up to 20-fold-decreased fidelity, and increased susceptibility to nucleoside analogues. To test the stability of the ExoN(-) genotype and phenotype, we passaged MHV-ExoN(-) 250 times in cultured cells (P250), in parallel with wild-type MHV (WT-MHV). Compared to MHV-ExoN(-) P3, MHV-ExoN(-) P250 demonstrated enhanced replication and increased competitive fitness without reversion at the ExoN(-) active site. Furthermore, MHV-ExoN(-) P250 was less susceptible than MHV-ExoN(-) P3 to multiple nucleoside analogues, suggesting that MHV-ExoN(-) was under selection for increased replication fidelity. We subsequently identified novel amino acid changes within the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and nsp14 of MHV-ExoN(-) P250 that partially accounted for the reduced susceptibility to nucleoside analogues. Our results suggest that increased replication fidelity is selected in ExoN(-) CoVs and that there may be a significant barrier to ExoN(-) reversion. These results also support the hypothesis that high-fidelity replication is linked to CoV fitness and indicate that multiple replicase proteins could compensate for ExoN functions during replication.</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2017</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01503-17</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>mBio</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="21555">
                <text>American Society for Microbiology</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Microbiology</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>EN</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>PROPAGACIÓN POR SEMILLAS Y CULTIVO EN MACETA DE Valeriana carnosa SM. (VALERIANOIDEAE, CAPRIFOLIACEAE) EN SAN CARLOS DE BARILOCHE. RÍO NEGRO</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>G. SÁNCHEZ, M. RIAT</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Valeriana carnosa es una de las especies nativas de la Patagonia más reconocida por la farmacopea local. Sus raíces contienen compuestos químicos utilizados como sedante y son colectadas con un criterio extractivo. El objetivo del trabajo fue obtener información, sobre la propagación por semillas y el cultivo en contenedor, que permitiría establecer futuras producciones disminuyendo el impacto sobre las poblaciones silvestres. Se recolectaron semillas en el Cerro Otto, ciudad de Bariloche en la Provincia de Rio Negro. El ensayo se conformó por un testigo (TO) y 3 tratamientos pregerminativos: Estratiﬁcación/ fría-húmeda-30 días (T1), Estratiﬁ cación/fría-húmeda-10 días (T2), Remojo KNO3-24hs (T3). La siembra se realizó en almácigo y a los 90 días los resultados fueron: TO: 20%, T1: 62 %, T2: 35 %, T3: 21 %. El repique se hizo en bandeja multiceldas de25 cavidades y la supervivencia a los 90 días fue del 60 %. Los plantines se trasplantaron a maceta soplada nº14, utilizando 2 sustratos: S1 (Sustrato-Dynamics3) y S2 (sustrato-Suelo/pinocha/ceniza volcánica: 1-1-1). Los valores promedio fueron para altura en S1 (12.67 cm) y S2 (8,33 cm) y para cantidad de brotes en S1 (2,73) y S2 (1,67). Los resultados son promisorios en cuanto a la reproducción y cultivo en contenedor.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2021</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Valeriana, cultivo en contenedor, sedante, tratamientos pregerminativos</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190682">
                <text>10.14409/fa.v20i1.10259</text>
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                <text>Fave: Sección Ciencias Agrarias</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190684">
                <text>Universidad Nacional del Litoral</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Agriculture (General), Agriculture</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190686">
                <text>&lt;a href="https://bibliotecavirtual.unl.edu.ar/publicaciones/index.php/FAVEAgrarias/article/view/10259" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://bibliotecavirtual.unl.edu.ar/publicaciones/index.php/FAVEAgrarias/article/view/10259&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Propagation, Inactivation, and Safety Testing of SARS-CoV-2</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="81124">
                <text>Alexander S. Jureka, Jesus A. Silvas, Christopher F. Basler</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>In late 2019, a novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan, the capital of the Chinese province Hubei. Since then, SARS-CoV-2 has been responsible for a worldwide pandemic resulting in over 4 million infections and over 250,000 deaths. The pandemic has instigated widespread research related to SARS-CoV-2 and the disease that it causes, COVID-19. Research into this new virus will be facilitated by the availability of clearly described and effective procedures that enable the propagation and quantification of infectious virus. As work with the virus is recommended to be performed at biosafety level 3, validated methods to effectively inactivate the virus to enable the safe study of RNA, DNA, and protein from infected cells are also needed. Here, we report methods used to grow SARS-CoV-2 in multiple cell lines and to measure virus infectivity by plaque assay using either agarose or microcrystalline cellulose as an overlay as well as a SARS-CoV-2 specific focus forming assay. We also demonstrate effective inactivation by TRIzol, 10% neutral buffered formalin, beta propiolactone, and heat.</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="81127">
                <text>coronavirus, virus, virology, SARS-CoV-2, plaque assay, inactivation</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="81128">
                <text>10.3390/v12060622</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="81130">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acute respiratory infections in children, the incidence of SARS, influenza and pneumonia in the last decade among children has not changed, indicating the urgency of the problem.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.21518/2079-701X-2015-6-56-61</text>
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                <text>Медицинский совет</text>
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                <text>Guitti Pourdowlat, Parnaz Panahi, Parichehr Pooransari, Fariba Ghorbani</text>
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                <text>During COVID-19 pandemic, it seems that healthcare workers (HWs) are more prone to the infection than general population. Indeed, a high viral load atmosphere and infected medical equipment are sources for spreading the disease. Many HWs should care for critically ill COVID-19 patients in the intensive care units (ICUs) which are one of the most contaminated areas. However, despite the adequate protections, HWs are still exposed to the coronavirus. Moreover, some procedures such as tracheal intubation increase the risk of infection. Overall, the probability of contamination in HWs is three times more than that of other people. According to Keshavan et al., about 3300 Chinese HWs have been infected by COVID-19, with a mortality rate of 0.4%. In Iran, we have a large number of affected HWs, with 69 registered deaths until late March 2020. Most of them were young with no previous medical history. So we have to improve protection and plan additional arrangements against COVID-19.  There are several mechanisms for the antiviral activity of hydroxychloroquine. This drug is a weak base that concentrates on the intracellular sections including endosome and lysosome; so, viral replication in the phase of fusion and uncoating will be stopped.  Also, hydroxychloroquine can change the ACE2 glycosylation and inhibits both S-protein binding and phagocytosis. The last mechanism would be the suppressing effect on cytokine production and the immunomodulatory effect of the drug. Based on in-vitro studies of chloroquine on SARS-CoV-1, its effective role as a prophylactic agent and a post-infection treatment has been raised. According to another cell-culture study, the preventive effect of the drug is estimated to be 24 hours before and 5 hours after the contamination. The weekly dose of 500 mg chloroquine, which is used for malaria prophylaxis, will result in a concentration below the EC50, which is not enough for inhibition of the novel coronavirus. But the minimum dosage, which is used for rheumatoid arthritis treatment (250mg daily) will result in plasma concentrations higher than EC50, which may be sufficient in this regard. Regarding this pharmacokinetics and in-vitro investigations a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial using chloroquine as a prophylactic agent for SARS-CoV-2 infection is ongoing. The recommended dose is a loading dose of 10 mg/kg from base drug followed by 150 mg daily (250 mg chloroquine phosphate salt). Subsequently, the number of infected patients will be assessed after 3 months. Another running clinical trial is a phase III triple blinded one employing hydroxychloroquine with 200mg daily dose for 60 days and the outcome as well as the rate of symptomatic infected patients will be evaluated. There is also another ongoing study on hydroxychloroquine as a COVID-19 post-exposure prophylactic agent prescribed within 3 days of either a HWs or household contact. The recommended dose is 800mg once, followed by 600 mg during 6 to 8 hours, then 600mg once a day for 4 consecutive days. Finally, the rate and severity of COVID-19 infections are compared. The study could probably show that 200-400mg of hydroxychloroquine per day is a reasonable prophylactic regimen for the exposed HWs.  To be more precise, our experience on the rheumatologic patients who tool 200 mg per day hydroxychloroquine, as well as the medical workers who received the same dose for prophylaxis against the novel coronavirus showed that hydroxychloroquine with a 200 mg/day dose can have a relative prophylactic effect on COVID-19. According to our data, the few cases who received 200mg of hydroxychloroquine per day, showed mild to moderate symptoms with no severe manifestations. However, the prophylactic dose of 400mg per day may be accompanied by some drug interactions and adverse effects in the long term; so 200mg of hydroxychloroquine is a rational prophylactic dose for practitioners who are exposed to the high viral load environment.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.22114/ajem.v0i0.362</text>
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                <text>Advanced Journal of Emergency Medicine</text>
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                <text>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</text>
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                <text>Prophylaxis against covid-19: living systematic review and network meta-analysis.</text>
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                <text>Gabriel Rada, Romina Brignardello-Petersen, Zhikang Ye, François Lamontagne, Jessica J Bartoszko, Reed A C Siemieniuk, Elena Kum, Anila Qasim, Dena Zeraatkar, Long Ge, Mi Ah Han, Behnam Sadeghirad, Arnav Agarwal, Thomas Agoritsas, Derek K Chu, Rachel Couban, Andrea J Darzi, Tahira Devji, Maryam Ghadimi, Kimia Honarmand, Ariel Izcovich, Assem Khamis, Mark Loeb, Maura Marcucci, Shelley L McLeod, Sharhzad Motaghi, Srinivas Murthy, Reem A Mustafa, John D Neary, Hector Pardo-Hernandez, Bram Rochwerg, Charlotte Switzer, Britta Tendal, Lehana Thabane, Per O Vandvik, Robin W M Vernooij, Andrés Viteri-García, Ying Wang, Liang Yao, Gordon H Guyatt</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>To determine and compare the effects of drug prophylaxis on SARS-CoV-2 infection and covid-19. Living systematic review and network meta-analysis. World Health Organization covid-19 database, a comprehensive multilingual source of global covid-19 literature to 25 March 2021, and six additional Chinese databases to 20 February 2021. Randomised trials of people at risk of covid-19 who were assigned to receive prophylaxis or no prophylaxis (standard care or placebo). Pairs of reviewers independently screened potentially eligible articles. Random effects bayesian network meta-analysis was performed after duplicate data abstraction. Included studies were assessed for risk of bias using a modification of the Cochrane risk of bias 2.0 tool, and certainty of evidence was assessed using the grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) approach. The first iteration of this living network meta-analysis includes nine randomised trials-six of hydroxychloroquine (n=6059 participants), one of ivermectin combined with iota-carrageenan (n=234), and two of ivermectin alone (n=540), all compared with standard care or placebo. Two trials (one of ramipril and one of bromhexine hydrochloride) did not meet the sample size requirements for network meta-analysis. Hydroxychloroquine has trivial to no effect on admission to hospital (risk difference 1 fewer per 1000 participants, 95% credible interval 3 fewer to 4 more; high certainty evidence) or mortality (1 fewer per 1000, 2 fewer to 3 more; high certainty). Hydroxychloroquine probably does not reduce the risk of laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (2 more per 1000, 18 fewer to 28 more; moderate certainty), probably increases adverse effects leading to drug discontinuation (19 more per 1000, 1 fewer to 70 more; moderate certainty), and may have trivial to no effect on suspected, probable, or laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (15 fewer per 1000, 64 fewer to 41 more; low certainty). Owing to serious risk of bias and very serious imprecision, and thus very low certainty of evidence, the effects of ivermectin combined with iota-carrageenan on laboratory confirmed covid-19 (52 fewer per 1000, 58 fewer to 37 fewer), ivermectin alone on laboratory confirmed infection (50 fewer per 1000, 59 fewer to 16 fewer) and suspected, probable, or laboratory confirmed infection (159 fewer per 1000, 165 fewer to 144 fewer) remain very uncertain. Hydroxychloroquine prophylaxis has trivial to no effect on hospital admission and mortality, probably increases adverse effects, and probably does not reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Because of serious risk of bias and very serious imprecision, it is highly uncertain whether ivermectin combined with iota-carrageenan and ivermectin alone reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This review was not registered. The protocol established a priori is included as a supplement. This article is a living systematic review that will be updated to reflect emerging evidence. Updates may occur for up to two years from the date of original publication.</text>
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                <text>BMJ (Clinical research ed.)</text>
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                <text>Prophylaxis and Treatment of Pregnant Women for Emerging Infections and Bioterrorism Emergencies</text>
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                <text>Joanne Cono, Janet D. Cragan, Denise J. Jamieson, Sonja A. Rasmussen</text>
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                <text>Emerging infectious disease outbreaks and bioterrorism attacks warrant urgent public health and medical responses. Response plans for these events may include use of medications and vaccines for which the effects on pregnant women and fetuses are unknown. Healthcare providers must be able to discuss the benefits and risks of these interventions with their pregnant patients. Recent experiences with outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome, monkeypox, and anthrax, as well as response planning for bioterrorism and pandemic influenza, illustrate the challenges of making recommendations about treatment and prophylaxis for pregnant women. Understanding the physiology of pregnancy, the factors that influence the teratogenic potential of medications and vaccines, and the infection control measures that may stop an outbreak will aid planners in making recommendations for care of pregnant women during large-scale infectious disease emergencies.</text>
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                <text>2006</text>
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                <text>Pregnancy, Bioterrorism, Communicable diseases, vaccines, synopsis</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3201/eid1211.060618</text>
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                <text>Emerging Infectious Diseases</text>
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                <text>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</text>
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                <text>Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>Propiedades físicas de algunos suelos de Cuba y su uso en modelos de simulación</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Julián Herrera, Teresa López, Maria Elena Ruiz, Greco Cid, Felicita González</text>
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                <text>En la actualidad se ha hecho muy común la utilización de modelos de simulación en el campo agrícola, con el propósito de estimar, para un amplio espectro de ambientes naturales, el comportamiento de algunas variables que de una forma u otra permiten predecir un rendimiento determinado. Estos modelos por lo general integran un conjunto de modelos matemáticos que dentro de un soporte computacional (software) pueden llegar a predecir el impacto que podría ocasionar un sistema de manejo del suelo sobre el agua en particular y sobre el ambiente en general. Por otra parte la previsión del efecto de los cambios climáticos globales sobre el suelo también es posible a través de estas herramientas. Sin embargo, los mismos requieren de datos de entrada que en ocasiones no están fácilmente disponibles como es el caso de las propiedades físicas de los suelos, y dentro de estas aquellas relacionadas con el funcionamiento hídrico. A esta situación hay que añadir que en ocasiones los datos existen, pero debido al método utilizado en su obtención y la manera en que son expresados, su utilización en los modelos de simulación conduce a resultados que están muy alejados de lo que ocurre realmente en el ambiente natural que se está estudiando. En el trabajo se muestran las propiedades físicas más utilizadas en algunos de los modelos de simulación con los que se ha trabajado en nuestro país, así como su manera de expresarse y el método que se recomienda para su determinación en el campo.</text>
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                <text>2011</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Revista Ciencias Técnicas Agropecuarias</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195889">
                <text>Universidad Agraria de La Habana</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="195890">
                <text>Agriculture, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering</text>
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            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=93222228008" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=93222228008&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>Propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas de un suelo con biofertilización cultivado con manzano</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Alfonso Luis Orozco Corral, Martha Irene Valverde Flores, René Martínez Téllez, Carlos Chávez Bustillos, Ramón Benavides Hernández</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>La producción de manzana en Chihuahua, México, juega un papel fundamental en el sector primario, donde actualmente existen 30 000 ha plantadas y 2500 productores, es el cultivo más intensivo en la zona genera 3.5 millones de jornales anuales y representa el 71% de la producción nacional. La baja fertilidad de los suelos es un hecho que golpea a estas áreas, las cuales se han visto afectados por el uso excesivo de fertilizantes químicos lo que ha ocasionado altos índices de contaminación, aumento de la compactación y la salinidad, disminución de la materia orgánica y el decremento de la microbiología de los suelos, impactando negativamente en el rendimiento, calidad de fruto y la rentabilidad. En busca de la sustentabilidad, se ha tratado de sustituir el uso de agroquímicos por productos orgánicos, pero en la producción de manzana no existe información para un manejo orgánico agroecológico propio de la región manzanera más importante de México. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue medir los efectos de la aplicación combinada de biofertilización y fertilización química, sobre las propiedades físicas, químicas y biológicas del suelo. El estudio se realizó en los ciclos 2012-13, 2013-14 y 2014-15 en una plantación de manzanos (Malus domestica Borkh) cv. Golden Supreme, en el municipio de Guerrero, Chihuahua. Se establecieron dos tratamientos: T-1 (biofertilización + fertilización química) donde se aplicó el 50% de biofertilizante y 50% de fertilizante químico; T-2 fertilización química, siendo el testigo y representando el manejo tradicional del productor. En cada ciclo, ambos tratamientos tuvieron aplicaciones de 6 Mg ha-1 de lombricomposta y 30 Mg ha-1 de aserrín de pino como acolchado orgánico. Los resultados mostraron que en T-1, la combinación de biofertilización y fertilización química, lombricomposta y aserrín de pino como acolchado influyó positivamente sobre la capacidad de almacenamiento de agua en un 10.36%, la capacidad de intercambio catiónico (83.05%), la materia orgánica (24.41%) y la biomasa microbiana del suelo (113.99%), mientras que en T-2 los porcentajes fueron menores. El conjunto de beneficios aportados por el biofertilizante líquido, lombricomposta y aserrín de pino como acolchado, significó un aumento de la fertilidad del suelo.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2016</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>capacidad de intercambio catiónico, materia orgánica del suelo, microorganismos del suelo</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="163721">
                <text>Terra Latinoamericana</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="163722">
                <text>Sociedad Mexicana de la Ciencia del Suelo A. C.</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Agriculture (General), Agriculture</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://www.terralatinoamericana.org.mx/index.php/terra/article/view/178/145" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.terralatinoamericana.org.mx/index.php/terra/article/view/178/145&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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