The zooplankton of Santa Catarina continental shelf in southern Brazil with emphasis on Copepoda and Cladocera and their relationship with physical coastal processes El zooplancton de la plataforma continental de Santa Catarina, sur de Brasil con énfasis en Copepoda y Cladocera y sus relaciones con procesos físicos costeros
Cladocera, Copepoda, Indicators, Southern Brazil, Water masses, indicadores, masas de agua, oceanographic processes, procesos oceanográficos, sur de Brasil
Very few studies have been carried out to exclusively investigate the zooplankton community of Santa Catarina State continental shelf, despite the economic and ecological importance of the area. This coastal region of southern Brazil presents highly relevant oceanographic processes, such as the strong influence of continental inputs, resurgence in the Cabo de Santa Marta Grande and River Plata plume water to the south. Two sampling cruises were carried out, in December 2005 and May 2006, in order to study temporal hydrological variations, and their influence on the biota of the region. Zooplankton samples for analysis were obtained by oblique hauls with Bongo nets at 33 sampling stations arranged in profiles perpendicular to the coast on each cruise. The predominant groups found in the samples were Copepoda, Cladocera, Salpidae and Chaetognatha, which presented higher densities at the stations closer to the coast. In the case of the December 2005 cruise, the salinity and temperature gradients perpendicular to the coast, promoted by the continental inputs to the north of the area and by the upwelling to the south, determined the limits of distribution of Acartia lilljeborgi and Penilia avirostris. However, the temperature and salinity gradients longitudinal to the coast determined on the May 2006 cruise did not explain the species distribution, indicating that biotic forcing mechanisms may have been active in the ecology of the system during this period.A pesar de la importancia económica y ecológica del área todavía no habían sido realizados estudios exclusivamente destinados a la investigación de la comunidad zooplanctónica de la plataforma continental del Estado de Santa Catarina. Esta región costera del sur de Brasil presenta procesos oceanográficos de alta relevancia, tales como fuerte influencia de aportes continentales, resurgencia en el Cabo de Santa Marta Grande y la pluma de agua del río Plata en el sur. Se efectuaron dos cruceros de muestreo en diciembre 2005 y mayo 2006, para determinar las variaciones temporales de las condiciones hidrológicas y su influencia sobre la biota de la región. En cada crucero se analizaron muestras de zooplancton obtenidas por arrastres oblicuos con redes Bongo en 33 estaciones distribuidas en perfiles perpendiculares a la costa. Los grupos dominantes en las muestras fueron Copepoda, Cladocera, Salpidae y Chaetognatha, presentando mayores densidades en las estaciones más costeras. En el crucero de diciembre de 2005 los gradientes de salinidad y temperatura perpendiculares a la costa, producidos por los aportes continentales al norte y por la resurgencia al sur del área, determinaron los límites de distribución de Acartia lilljeborgi y Penilia avirostris. En el crucero de mayo de 2006 los gradientes de temperatura y salinidad longitudinales a la costa no explicaron la variación en la distribución de las especies, indicando que forzantes bióticos podrían ser predominantes en la ecología del sistema en este período.
Renata Domingos-Nunes, Charrid Resgalla Jr
Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research
Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
Biology (General), Oceanography, Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
Autoconsumo e segurança alimentar: a agricultura familiar a partir dos saberes e práticas da alimentação Self-consumption and food security: family agriculture based on eating knowledge and practices
Anthropology, Consumo de Alimentos, Food habits, Hábitos alimentares, Identidade de Gênero, População Rural, Rural Population, Segurança alimentar e nutricional, antropología cultural, cultural, food consumption, food security, gender identity
OBJETIVO: Identificar e analisar as classificações e representações da alimentação, bem como as práticas de produção e consumo de alimentos entre agricultores e agricultoras da região do Vale do Taquari (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil). MÉTODOS: Os dados e as informações foram obtidos a partir de entrevistas e observação participante, orientadas por um esquema metodológico qualitativo. Participaram da pesquisa, realizada em 2004 e 2005, 48 famílias rurais, de três diferentes localidades. Os recursos teórico-analíticos utilizados foram os da antropologia da alimentação e da abordagem da reciprocidade. RESULTADOS: Entre as famílias estudadas é significativa a produção de alimentos para autoconsumo, sendo as mulheres as principais responsáveis por sua obtenção. As práticas alimentares, embora tenham sofrido modificações, em função da modernização da agricultura e da incorporação de produtos industrializados, guardam especificidades locais e estão relacionadas a diversas expressões de sociabilidade, como a circulação de alimentos e a realização de festas comunitárias, que, impregnadas por simbolismos, atualizam um modo de vida e têm garantido segurança alimentar. CONCLUSÃO: As práticas de produção para autoconsumo das famílias estudadas estão associadas à sua segurança alimentar e, desse modo, às suas estratégias de reprodução social. A circulação de alimentos e as escolhas alimentares expressam relações de sociabilidade e de identidade nas comunidades rurais estudadas. Aspectos socioculturais e distintos níveis de relações sociais apresentam-se em transformação, podendo colocar em risco a segurança alimentar das famílias. Tais processos inspiram a realização novos estudos.OBJECTIVE: To identify and to analyze eating classifications and representations as well the food production and consumption practices among farmers from Vale do Taquari (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). METHODS: The data and information were collected from interviews and participatory observation, oriented by qualitative methods. The research involved 48 rural families from three different localities in 2004 and 2005. The theoretical and analytical resources were provided by food anthropology and reciprocity approach. RESULTS: The production of food for self-consumption among the studied families is significant and the main producers are women. Food practices have changed as a result of agricultural modernization and increased use of industrialized products, yet they maintain local specificity and are related to several expressions of sociability such as food exchanges and community parties. These are permeated by symbolisms that update the way of living and assure food security. CONCLUSION: The production practices for autoconsumption of the studied families are associated with food security and, in this way, to social reproduction strategies. Food exchanges and food choices express relationships of sociability and identity in the studied rural communities. Social and cultural aspects and different levels of social relationships are undergoing a transformation which may jeopardize the food security of the families. Such processes are inspiring new studies.
Renata Menasche, Flávia Charão Marques, Cândida Zanetti
Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas
Precision Agriculture: Studies of a favorable technology, in a raised of improvements in the quality of the techniques used in the field by José Paulo Molin
Mapas de produtividade, Sensor óptico, Tecnologias, agricultura de precisão, georreferenciamento
The use of new technologies in the field is increasingly present studies on the specific sensor applications, in the use of georeferencing with yield maps. The aim of this paper is to present to the scientific community a categorization in the production of scientific papers of the last ten years of the Professor Dr. José Paulo Molin, related to Precision Agriculture, through a search on his Lattes Curriculum, in his academic research and contributions in the area around Agricultural Engineering in Brazil. As discussion and results presented to a bibliographic review of Molin work, quantified in tables and figures, and the approach of the analyzed articles. It is evident the studies of the behavior of optical sensors to generate yield maps, with the use of embedded electronic technologies, and interventions in the soil in no-tillage to crops such as cotton, corn and sugar cane. It concludes with a review of Molin, his contributions and assistance to researchers in the academic field, with the verification of the spatial and temporal variability of quality and productivity in the field, and the aid to fertilizer recommendation, especially to nitrogen. It was verified positively the correct distribution of nutrients in the field with the work of yield maps.
Revista Eletrônica Competências Digitais para Agricultura Familiar
Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho
http://codaf.tupa.unesp.br:8082/index.php/recodaf/article/view/23
Knowledge management by students with farmers’ families
Conhecimento, ensino por competências, gestão da informação, recuperação dos dados
The objective of the research is to verify, among students at ETEC Paulo Guerreiro Franco, if the technological knowledge acquired during the course is passed on to their family members belonging to the rural field, whether in families with the production of their own support or who benefit from productive management with family farming. The methodology consists of a Bibliographic Review and a Descriptive Research. The technique used for data collection was the survey, applied in the third series of Technical Education in Agriculture Integrated to High School. The results show that teaching by skills adds positively to the formation of professional education.
Renata Pinheiro, Cassia Regina Bassan de Moraes
http://codaf.tupa.unesp.br:8082/index.php/recodaf/article/view/114
The Success of Public Health Measures in Europe during the COVID-19 Pandemic
coronavirus, Public health measures, qualitative comparative analysis, containment measures, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic
SARS-CoV-2, a serious threat to sustainable development prospects, is spreading within countries at varying speeds, among other things depending on their population density, behavioural responses, cultural factors, personal hygiene practices and habits. This has led to significant variation in countries’ policy responses aimed at stemming the proliferation of the virus. Using crisp-set qualitative comparative analysis, we conducted a comparative study at the European level to study the performance of different combinations of COVID-19 containment measures along with the response speeds. A set of configurations for two different scenarios (above- and below-median death rates) helps to illustrate how specific containment measures in each examined European country are related to the number of deaths. The main observation arising from the analysis is that the speed of response along with the decision to suspend international flights might determine the epidemic outbreak’s impact on fatality. The results also imply that several different combinations of containment measures are associated with death rates across Europe. The outcome of this analysis can assist in identifying which set of containment measures in the event of an epidemic outbreak is beneficial/detrimental.
Environmental sciences, Renewable energy sources, Environmental effects of industries and plants
Avaliação de saúde pública por exposição a agroquímicos:
Agricultura Familiar, Avaliação de Saúde Pública, Ecosaúde, agroecologia, agrotóxicos, metais
A avaliação integrada da exposição a agentes químicos Ã s condicionantes sociais, econômicas e ambientais possibilita ações efetivas e incorporadas ao espaço social, como pressupõe a metodologia de “Avaliação de Saúde Pública” da Agência de Registro de Substâncias Tóxicas e Controle de Doenças (ATSDR) e Ã semelhança da abordagem Ecosaúde. Assim, nosso objetivo é descrever uma experiência de avaliação de saúde pública em comunidades de agricultores familiares expostos a agroquímicos em São José de Ubá, estado do Rio de Janeiro (RJ). A sociedade civil e a esfera pública foram envolvidas no processo que reuniu informações históricas, socioeconômicas, culturais, ambientais e de saúde. A exposição ocupacional e/ou ambiental aos toxicantes ocorre em níveis que ocasionam efeitos deletérios Ã saúde, exigindo ações, como a prática agroecológica, educação em saúde e ambiente e requalificação dos profissionais de serviços de saúde. A abordagem tem como benefício situar o sujeito como agente integrador e influenciador de seus processos, potencializando seu empoderamento para a uma gestão ecossistêmica conjunta.
Renata Spolti Leão, Rejane Corrêa Marques, Rafael Junqueira Buralli, Daniele Santos Silva, Jean Remy Davée Guimarães
https://periodicos.unb.br/index.php/sust/article/view/16700
Conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas de agricultores familiares brasileiros sobre a exposição aos agrotóxicos
Agricultura Familiar, Atitudes e Práticas, Conhecimentos, Trabalhador rural, agrotóxicos, percepção de risco
Resumo O artigo discute conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas (CAP) de agricultores familiares brasileiros a respeito dos impactos na saúde e no ambiente gerados pelo uso de agrotóxicos. Trata-se de um estudo transversal misto, realizado em 2014 em São José de Ubá, RJ. A pesquisa é composta por uma etapa qualitativa, baseada em observações em campo e entrevistas com 25 participantes sobre CAP, no que se refere ao uso de agrotóxicos. A etapa quantitativa abrange avaliação sociodemográfica e de exposição aos agrotóxicos de 78 agricultores. Apesar de reconhecerem parcialmente os perigos dos agrotóxicos, os agricultores enfrentam os riscos da exposição e comumente adotam práticas laborais inadequadas. Fatores como a carência de apoio técnico e treinamento laboral, baixa escolaridade, dificuldade de compreensão das orientações de bulas e rótulos dos agrotóxicos, valor elevado e desconforto causado pelo equipamento de proteção individual (EPI), além da crença da dependência do uso de agrotóxicos, explicam parcialmente as atitudes não seguras. É preciso promover práticas agrícolas mais sustentáveis, fortalecer o apoio técnico e treinamento laboral, melhorar a comunicação e o gerenciamento dos riscos e reduzir as desigualdades de gênero entre os agricultores brasileiros, como a forma mais eficaz e imediata de prevenir os agravos relacionados ao trabalho com agrotóxicos.
Renata Spolti Leão, Rejane Corrêa Marques, Rafael Junqueira Buralli, Daniele Santos Silva, Jean Remy Davée Guimarães, Helena Ribeiro
The Enemy Which Sealed the World: Effects of COVID-19 Diffusion on the Psychological State of the Italian Population
Anxiety, psychopathological symptomatology, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), mood, Pandemic, COVID-19
Background: Starting from the first months of 2020, worldwide population has been facing the COVID-19 pandemic. Many nations, including Italy, took extreme actions to reduce the diffusion of the virus, profoundly changing lifestyles. The Italians have been faced with both the fear of contracting the infection and the consequences of enforcing social distancing. This study was aimed to understand the psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and the psychopathological outcomes related to the first phase of this emergency. Methods: The study included 2291 respondents. An online survey collected information on socio-demographic variables, history of direct or indirect contact with COVID-19, and additional information concerning the COVID-19 emergency. Moreover, psychopathological symptoms such as anxiety, mood alterations and post-traumatic symptomatology were assessed. Results: The results revealed that respectively 31.38%, 37.19% and 27.72% of respondents reported levels of general psychopathological symptomatology, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms over the cut-off scores. Furthermore, a significant worsening of mood has emerged. Being a female or under the age of 50 years, having had direct contact with people infected by the COVID-19, and experiencing uncertainty about the risk of contagion represent risk factors for psychological distress. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that the first weeks of the COVID-19 pandemic appear to impact not only on physical health but also on psychological well-being. Although these results need to be considered with caution being based on self-reported data collected at the beginning of this emergency, they should be used as a starting point for further studies aimed to develop interventions to minimize both the brief and long-term psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Renata Tambelli, Francesca Favieri, Giuseppe Forte, Maria Casagrande
Determination of melting point of vegetable oils and fats by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique.
Melting point, Softening point, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), vegetable fat
Melting point of fats is used to characterize oils and fats and is related to their physical properties, such as hardness and thermal behaviour. The present work shows the utilization of DSC technique on the determination of melting point of fats. In a comparison with softening point (AOCS method Cc 3-25), DSC values were higher than those obtained by AOCS method. It has occurred due to the fact that values obtained by DSC technique were taken when the fat had melted completely. DSC was also useful for determining melting point of liquid oils, such as soybean and cottonseed ones.
Renata Tieko Nassu, Lireny Aparecida Guaraldo Gonçalves
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
http://grasasyaceites.revistas.csic.es/index.php/grasasyaceites/article/view/630
Scraping productivity of sugarcane genotypes at the South of Tocantins State Produtividade de rapadura de genótipos de cana-de-açúcar na Região de Dueré, Sul de Tocantins
Agricultura Familiar, Garapa, Saccharum officinarum, alimentação animal
The scraping production of thirteen sugarcane genotypes was evaluated at the South of Tocantins State. The research was carried out at the Santa Tereza settlement, located at the municipality of Dueré, Tocantins State. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized blocks design with three replicates. The sugarcane genotypes evaluated were SP80-1816, SP81-3250, RB56-5230, RB92-8064, SP80-1842, SP85-3877, RB86-7515, RB83-5486, SP84-5210, IAC86-2480, SP86-155, RB85-5536 and Nativa-25. The evaluated characters were plant height, mass of industrial stalk, mass of pointers, soluble solids, yielding of sugarcane juice, scraping productivity, ration industrial stalk/ sugarcane juice, ratio of sugarcane juice/scraping, ratio of industrial stalk/ scraping and blossom percentage. According to the results obtained, the genotype Nativa-25 is not recommended to scraping production, while the genotype RB92-8064 can be recommended to scraping production and it showed the highest potential to be used as animal food.Avaliou-se o comportamento de treze genótipos de cana de açúcar quanto à produção de rapadura, na região de Dueré, sul do estado de Tocantins. A pesquisa foi conduzida no assentamento Santa Tereza, município de Dueré-TO. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. Os genótipos de cana avaliados foram -1816, SP81-3250, RB56-5230, RB92-8064, SP80-1842, SP85-3877, RB86-7515, RB83-5486, SP84-5210, IAC86-2480, SP86-155, RB85-5536 E Nativa-25. As características avaliadas foram altura das plantas, massa do colmo industrial, massa dos ponteiros, sólidos solúveis, quantidade de garapa, produtividade de rapadura, relação colmo industrial/garapa, relação garapa/rapadura, relação colmo industrial/rapadura, e porcentagem de floração. O genótipo nativa-25 não é recomendado para produção de rapadura; o genótipo RB92-8064 é recomendado para produção de rapadura e apresenta potencial para ser utilizado na alimentação animal.
Renato Almeida Sarmento, Marilene Alves Ramos Dias, Rodrigo Ribeiro Fidelis, Jandislau José Lui
http://www.uel.br/revistas/uel/index.php/semagrarias/article/view/4635