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                <text>Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses which may cause illness in animals or humans.  In humans, seven strains of coronaviruses were recognized to cause respiratory infections ranging from the common cold associated with HKU1, NL63, OC43 and 229E viruses to more severe diseases such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) during 2002, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) during 2012, and the COVID-19 that started during December 2019 in Wuhan, China.  This is a review for the current pandemic</text>
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                <text>مجلة كلية الطب</text>
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                <text>Este artigo apresenta a estrutura do documento do Papa Francisco, demonstrando sua abordagem interdisciplinar articulando a política, a economia, a ecologia, a teologia e a ética. Em primeiro lugar, os cenários do planeta são caracterizados, analisando os níveis ambientais e o debate teológico-epistemológico emergente. Depois disso, a crise ecológica é diagnosticada, tendo suas raízes e causas na tecnologia e no antropocentrismo. Em seguida, torna-se explicita a proposta de uma ecologia integral no qual tudo está relacionado e interligado. Finalmente, considerando o contexto de sociedades plurais e os diagnósticos da crise ambiental, o documento sugere uma ética interdisciplinar para resolver os problemas do planeta</text>
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                <text>La evaluación del impacto de programas y políticas para mejorar la situación nutricional de la población es imprescindible para el desarrollo de programas eficaces; tal evaluación depende de tener indicadores del bienestar de la población que sean confiables, válidos, y si es posible relativamente fácil a medir. La seguridad alimentaria puede servir como indicador del impacto de programas que pretenden mejorar el bienestar de una población eje, si es que existe un buen método para medirlo.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://aprendeenlinea.udea.edu.co/revistas/index.php/nutricion/article/view/338838" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;http://aprendeenlinea.udea.edu.co/revistas/index.php/nutricion/article/view/338838&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Beatrice Tiri, Giulia Priante, Emanuela Sensi, Monya Costantini, Carlo Vernelli, Lucia  Assunta Martella, Marsilio Francucci, Paolo Andreani, Alessandro Mariottini, Stefano Cappanera, Viola Marsiliani, Mizar Cantarini, Paolo Bruzzone, Fabio Suadoni, Roberto Cirocchi</text>
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                <text>The Italian burden of disease associated with infections due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria has been very high, largely attributed to Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp). The implementation of infection control measures and antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP) has been shown to reduce healthcare-related infections caused by multidrug resistance (MDR) germs. Since 2016, in our teaching hospital of Terni, an ASP has been implemented in an intensive care unit (ICU) setting, with the “daily-ICU round strategy” and particular attention to infection control measures. We performed active surveillance for search patients colonized by Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). In March 2020, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) arrived and the same ICU was reserved only for COVID-19 patients. In our retrospective observational study, we analyzed the bimonthly incidence of CRE colonization patients and the incidence of CRE acquisition in our ICU during the period of January 2019 to June 2020. In consideration of the great attention and training of all staff on infection control measures in the COVID-19 era, we would have expected a clear reduction in CRE acquisition, but this did not happen. In fact, the incidence of CRE acquisition went from 6.7% in 2019 to 50% in March–April 2020. We noted that 67% of patients that had been changed in posture with prone position were colonized by CRE, while only 37% of patients that had not been changed in posture were colonized by CRE. In our opinion, the high intensity of care, the prone position requiring 4–5 healthcare workers (HCWs), equipped with personal protective equipment (PPE) in a high risk area, with extended and prolonged contact with the patient, and the presence of 32 new HCWs from other departments and without work experience in the ICU setting, contributed to the spread of CR-Kp in our ICU, determining an increase in CRE acquisition colonization.</text>
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                <text>Articulació de l'ús de proves i el model de flux d'energia en els ecosistemes en arguments d'alumnat de batxillerat</text>
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                <text>Beatriz Bravo Torija, María Pilar Jiménez-Aleixandre</text>
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                <text>Aquest estudi examina l'ús del model de flux d'energia i la seva articulació amb proves situades en diferents nivells epistèmics per estudiants de segon de batxillerat. La mostra analitzada (N = 254) procedeix dels exàmens de la Prova d'Accés a la Universitat. La tasca sol·licita l'alumnat justificar la limitació en el nombre de nivells d'una cadena tròfica. Els resultats mostren: a) que l'ús del model teòric per l'alumnat és més sofisticat que l'ús de proves i b) que del 12,2% dels estudiants que utilitzen proves en tres o quatre nivells epistèmics, la majoria (11% del total) utilitzen un model complex de flux d'energia. Una implicació és que, encara que el coneixement conceptual és necessari per articular proves, no n'hi ha prou, és necessari dur a terme activitats per promoure l'ús de proves a la classe de ciències.</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>10.5565/rev/ensciencias.1281</text>
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                <text>Enseñanza de las Ciencias</text>
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                <text>Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>Educação para a sustentabilidade: a gestão de recursos do mar</text>
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                <text>Beatriz Bravo-Torija, Fins Eirexas Santamaria, María Pilar Jiménez-Aleixandre</text>
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                <text>Discute-se o planejamento de uma unidade didática sobre a gestão dos recursos do mar e a aqüicultura na escola secundária, que aborda um problema autêntico que suscita grande controvérsia social: a instalação de granjas de cultivo de peixes no litoral da Galícia. O enquadramento teórico inserta-se na perspectiva do pensamento crítico e o trabalho com conflitos, partindo dos nossos resultados de pesquisa sobre as dificuldades para a construção das noções de problema ambiental e recursos naturais por parte do alunado da escola secundária. Discute-se o problema a resolver nas aulas e a estrutura conceitual dos conhecimentos ecológicos e ambientais necessários para trabalhar com ele assim como algumas das atividades planejadas enquadradas na perspectiva da cognição distribuída, e as características dos problemas autênticos, abertura, variedade de soluções possíveis, potencialmente geradoras de debate e argumentação. O objetivo é avaliar a competência para relacionar provas e conclusões.</text>
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                <text>2008</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Recursos Naturais, ecología, pirâmide alimentar, sustentabilidade</text>
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                <text>Alexandria</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Special aspects of education, Science (General)</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/alexandria/article/view/37429" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/alexandria/article/view/37429&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
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      <name>Text</name>
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                <text>¿Criaríamos leones en granjas? Uso de pruebas y conocimiento conceptual en un problema de acuicultura</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190258">
                <text>Beatriz Bravo-Torija, María Pilar Jiménez-Aleixandre</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>El objetivo es analizar la influencia de la tarea en el uso de pruebas y modelos conceptuales al resolver un problema sobre la sustentabilidad de la acuicultura. Los participantes son 134 estudiantes universitarios de biología de tres cursos. La tarea solicitaba comparar desde el punto de vista de la eficiencia ecológica alimentarse de arenques y sardinas o de salmones. Se comparan resultados de un curso en el que habían realizado un mapa conceptual sobre la eficiencia ecológica con los de dos en los que no se había hecho. Los resultados muestran diferencias sustanciales tanto en el uso de modelos de flujo de energía y pirámide trófica como de pruebas. Estas diferencias ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de prestar atención al papel de los conceptos al diseñar actividades para desarrollar la competencia de uso de pruebas.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2013</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190261">
                <text>aprendizaje de ecología, competencia científica, fl ujo de energía, uso de pruebas</text>
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                <text>Revista Eureka sobre Enseñanza y Divulgación de las Ciencias</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190263">
                <text>Universidad de Cádiz</text>
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                <text>Social Sciences</text>
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                <text>El uso de pruebas en la resolución de problemas reales en 4º de ESO: ¿debemos dragar el río Ebro?</text>
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                <text>Beatriz Bravo-Torija, Miriam Aguerri</text>
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                <text>En la actualidad, el alumnado no solo ha de conocer las principales ideas de la ciencia, sino también ha de saber aplicarlas   en   la   resolución   de   problemas   relacionados   con   el   mundo   natural,   y   poder   tomar   decisiones fundamentadas sobre las consecuencias de las actuaciones del ser humano en él. Partidiendo de esta idea, en este trabajo se plantea a 63 alumnos de 4º de la ESO la resolución de un problema en torno a la posibilidad de dragar el río Ebro. Trabajando en pequeños grupos deben de: 1) identificar y seleccionar los pruebas relevantes entre la información facilitada; 2) relacionar los distintos tipos de pruebas e integrarlas en sus justificaciones; y 3) elaborar un informe final en el que expongan sus argumentos para respaldar la opción escogida, realizar o no el dragado del río. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes son capaces de utilizar distintos tipos de pruebas para apoyar sus argumentos, entre ellas destacan las relacionadas con los factores bióticos y con el impacto del dragado para el uso del río por el ser humano .  Las pruebas de tipo físico-químico como datos de pH o temperatura apenas aparecen,   , a pesar de su importancia para evaluar las consecuencias del dragado en el ecosistema fluvial. En cuanto al tipo de relaciones que establec en entre las pruebas en sus justificaciones, destacan las que combinan al menos dos tipos, utilizadas por todos los grupos, frente a las que combinan tres y cuatro tipos. Estas últimas solo aparecen en el informe final de uno de los grupos.</text>
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                <text>aprendizaje de ecología, competencia científica, educación secundaria, uso de pruebas</text>
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                <text>Revista Eureka sobre Enseñanza y Divulgación de las Ciencias</text>
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                <text>Universidad de Cádiz</text>
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                <text>Gestión del conocimiento sustentable universitario Visión aproximada de experiencias latinoamericanas</text>
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                <text>En la investigación que sustenta este artículo, se desarrolló como objetivo: el análisis de experiencias de gestión de conocimiento en universidades latinoamericanas (Venezuela, Argentina, Brasil). Con base en ese análisis, se plantearon lineamientos generales para la gestión del conocimiento sustentable. Se propone el concepto de gestión del conocimiento sustentable como abstracción teórica, que permite la conexión tanto del constructo de co-inspiración (Maturana, 1997a, 1997b) como del criterio de autopoiesis (Maturana y Valera, 1999), con el principio de una mente sustentable (Vieira, 2011). Desde una perspectiva transdisciplinar en la que convergen: la sociología, la biología y la ecología, la problemática de la gestión de conocimiento es vista como una articulación de procesos sociales y ecológicos, que pueden ser comprendidos con la mediación de diversas disciplinas que posibilitarían la gestión del conocimiento a futuro. Los lineamientos generales postulados se fundan en la reflexión teórica y en la interpretación de las entrevistas semiestructuradas a expertos en el área de gestión de conocimiento de las universidades seleccionadas en el muestreo intencional, a saber: a) en Venezuela: Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado (UCLA), Universidad del Zulia (LUZ), Universidad Nacional Experimental Rafael María Baralt (UNERMB), y la Universidad de Carabobo (UC); b) en Argentina: Universidad de Buenos Aires y Universidad de Córdoba, y c) en Brasil: Instituto Federal Sul Rio Grandense y la Universidad Federal de Río de Janeiro (UFRJ). Se concluye que la producción y la gestión del conocimiento académico sustentable han sido importantes inquietudes históricas de los académicos latinoamericanos; se agrega que esos problemas tienen expresiones específicas en los diferentes países. Factores de orden socioeconómico, político y ecológico, tales como pobreza, hambre, desigual distribución del ingreso global, indisponibilidad de recursos médicos y biotecnológicos y daño ecológico, sólo por mencionar algunos, representan una realidad que impulsa a los académicos hacia la búsqueda de respuestas decisivas, planteando la urgencia en la búsqueda de la renovación en la gestión del conocimiento universitario. La propuesta es hacer coexistir, como igualmente importantes y sin subordinación el uno del otro, dos focos de referencia: la organización universitaria como un todo y cada una de las personas que la constituyen; una gestión precedida por la inter- y transdisciplinariedad del conocimiento, y sostenida en una red conversacional de comprensión, inclusión, y co-inspiración.</text>
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                <text>History of scholarship and learning. The humanities, Social Sciences, Social sciences (General)</text>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>Sulfoxaflor and Natural Pyrethrin with Piperonyl Butoxide Are Effective Alternatives to Neonicotinoids against Juveniles of &lt;i&gt;Philaenus spumarius&lt;/i&gt;, the European Vector of &lt;i&gt;Xylella fastidiosa&lt;/i&gt;</text>
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                <text>The threat imposed by the bacterial pathogen Xylella fastidiosa to crops of utter importance to European agriculture such as olive, stone fruit and grapevine calls for immediate research against the meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.), the main European vector. Management tools should consider reducing juveniles of vector populations growing on weeds or cover crops during spring as nymphs have limited movement and do not contribute to disease spread. We examined a wide range of insecticides with different modes of action against P. spumarius nymphs in laboratory and semi-field glasshouse conditions. Pyrethroids (delthamethrin and &amp;#955;-cyhalothrin) and natural pyrethrin (Pirecris&amp;#174;) + piperonyl butoxide (PBO) efficacy surpassed 86% after 24 h of exposure, without significant differences in the PBO amount tested. The inclusion of PBO caused a 3-fold increase in the mortality of P. spumarius nymphs compared to pyrethrin alone. Sulfoxaflor (Closer&amp;#174;) exhibited similar efficacy at 48 and 72 h but it was slow acting and mortality only reached 60% at 24 h. The LC90 was 34 ppm at 72 h. Pymetrozine, spirotetramat, azadirachtin and kaolin were not effective against nymphs (mortality &amp;lt;33%) although in azadirachtin-treated plants, mortality had a 3-fold increase from 24 to 72 h. Our results will help decision-making policy bodies to set up a sustainable integrated pest management of P. spumarius in areas where X. fastidiosa becomes a problem.</text>
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                <text>Insects</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/10/8/225" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/10/8/225&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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