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                <text>DOI: 10.22207/JPAM.14.SPL1.03</text>
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                <text>Terry A. Messmer</text>
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                <text>These are the awards and scholarships provided by the Berryman Institute. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the initial application deadline has been extended.</text>
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                <text>Education, research, wildlife management, outreach, Scholarships, awards, berryman institute, professional awards</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.26077/tmcp-3m25</text>
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                <text>Human-Wildlife Interactions</text>
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                <text>Utah State University</text>
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                <text>Environmental sciences, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Novel rapid identification of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) by real-time RT-PCR using BD Max Open System in Taiwan</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Cherng-Lih Perng, Chien-Wen Chen, Feng-Yee Chang, Chih-Kai Chang, Shih-Hung Tsai, Kuo-Ming Yeh, Jung-Chung Lin, Sheng-Kang Chiu, Hung-Sheng Shang, Yihui Wang, Ming-Jr Jian, Hsing-Yi Chung, Shu-Jung Liao, Shih-Yi Li, Shan-Shan Hsieh</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Coronavirus disease 2019 has become a worldwide pandemic. By April 7, 2020, approximately 1,279,722 confirmed cases were reported worldwide including those in Asia, European Region, African Region and Region of the Americas. Rapid and accurate detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical for patient care and implementing public health measures to control the spread of infection. In this study, we developed and validated a rapid total nucleic acid extraction method based on real‐time RT-PCR for reliable, high‐throughput identification of SARS-CoV-2 using the BD MAX platform. For clinical validation, 300 throat swab and 100 sputum clinical samples were examined by both the BD MAX platform and in-house real-time RT-PCR methods, which showed 100% concordant results. This BD MAX protocol is fully automated and the turnaround time from sample to results is approximately 2.5 h for 24 samples compared to 4.8 h by in-house real-time RT-PCR. Our developed BD MAX RT-PCR assay can accurately identify SARS-CoV-2 infection and shorten the turnaround time to increase the effectiveness of control and prevention measures for this emerging infectious disease.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Real-time RT-PCR, SARS-CoV-2, BD Max platform</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9318</text>
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                <text>PeerJ</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>PeerJ Inc.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="36982">
                <text>Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Potential Benefits of Tryptophan Metabolism to the Efficacy of Tocilizumab in COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Ciriana Orabona, Maria Laura Belladonna</text>
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                <text>Tocilizumab has been proposed as a means of opposing hyperinflammatory responses in intensive care patients with COVID-19. Here, we briefly discuss the potentially multiple, synergistic mechanisms whereby tocilizumab might exert therapeutic activity, mostly focusing on the production of tryptophan-derived catabolites that would result from blockade of IL-6 signaling, as contextualized to the cytokine storm occurring in COVID-19 patients.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Tocilizumab, IDO1, COVID-19, tryptophan catabolism, Cytokine storm syndrome</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00959</text>
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                <text>Frontiers in Pharmacology</text>
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                <text>Frontiers Media S.A.</text>
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                <text>Therapeutics. Pharmacology</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Epidemic Source Detection over Dynamic Networks</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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                <text>Jae Young Choi</text>
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                <text>Epidemic source detection is one of the most crucial problems in statistical inference. For example, currently, the debate continues to reveal when and where the first spread of COVID-19 occured. For this problem, most of the works have assumed a static network topology, that is, the connections between nodes do not change over time. This is impractical because many nodes have some mobility in the network, or the connections can be changed. In this paper, we focus on the dynamic network, in the sense that the node connectivity varies over time. We first introduce a simple dynamic model, named k-flip dynamic such that                                                     k                &gt;                0                                             connections in the network may be changed with some probability at each time. Next, we design a proper estimation algorithm using some investigation for the contact information between infected nodes, named dynamic network source estimation (DNSE)(k) for the dynamic model. We perform various simulations for the algorithm compared to several existing source estimation methods. Our results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms and is efficient for finding the epidemic source compared to other methods. Further, we see that the detection probability for our proposed algorithm can be above 45% when we use budget to investigate the contact information from the infected nodes under some practical setting of k.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>estimation algorithm, diffusion model, Dynamic network, epidemic source detection</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/electronics9061018</text>
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                <text>The COVID-19 emergency has revealed the extreme fragility of large cities to unexpected complex global risks and crises. City lockdown has led to increasing awareness of the vital importance of food availability for citizens. The combined effect of border closure and movement restrictions increased food losses and export costs, especially for vegetables and perishable goods exposing non-self-sufficient countries. We claim the idea that urban agriculture in developed countries should be fostered with emerging growing practices and edible green infrastructures, such as vertical farming, hydroponics, aeroponic, aquaponic, and rooftop greenhouses. Notwithstanding the limitations of traditional urban farming activities, innovative and disruptive solutions and short food supply chains of fresh agricultural products might play a positive role in lessening uncertainties from global systemic risks.</text>
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                <text>food security, Food supply, Farming, consumption habits, horticultural products, lockdown</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/su12125012</text>
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                <text>MDPI AG</text>
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                <text>Environmental sciences, Renewable energy sources, Environmental effects of industries and plants</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone System Inhibitors in Patients with COVID-19: General Considerations and Clinical Implications</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37011">
                <text>Neiberg de Alcântara Lima, Eric Martin Sieloff, Pedro Yuri Paiva Lima, Ricardo Lessa de Castro Junior, Stela Maria Vitorino Sampaio</text>
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                <text>Initially reported in China at the end of 2019, the coronavirus pandemic has now reached an international scale with more than1.5 million cases worldwide and more than 80,000 deaths by April 8th of this year. Recent studies have shown that the virus invades host cells by the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, making it essential to viral transmission. Concerns have been raised about possible benefits and harms associated with the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptors blockers in these patients. However, there is lack of evidence to recommend even temporarily discontinuing renin-angiotensin system inhibitors/blockers in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2.KEYWORDS:</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, renin–angiotensin system, Pandemics, COVID-19</text>
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                <text>DOI: https://doi.org/10.24207/jca.v33i1.3367</text>
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                <text>Journal of Cardiac Arrhythmias</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37017">
                <text>Linceu Editorial</text>
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                <text>Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>The Modulation of Mucosal Antiviral Immunity by Immunobiotics: Could They Offer Any Benefit in the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic?</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37020">
                <text>Julio Villena, Haruki Kitazawa</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Viral respiratory infections are of major importance because of their capacity to cause of a high degree of morbidity and mortality in high-risk populations, and to rapidly spread between countries. Perhaps the best example of this global threat is the infectious disease caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has infected more than 4 million people worldwide, causing the death of 287,000 persons according to the WHO's situation report on May 13, 2020. The availability of therapeutic tools that would be used massively to prevent or mitigate the detrimental effects of emerging respiratory viruses on human health is therefore mandatory. In this regard, research from the last decade has reported the impact of the intestinal microbiota on the respiratory immunity. It was conclusively demonstrated how the variations in the intestinal microbiota affect the responses of respiratory epithelial cells and antigen presenting cells against respiratory virus attack. Moreover, the selection of specific microbial strains (immunobiotics) with the ability to modulate immunity in distal mucosal sites made possible the generation of nutritional interventions to strengthen respiratory antiviral defenses. In this article, the most important characteristics of the limited information available regarding the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 virus are revised briefly. In addition, this review summarizes the knowledge on the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the improvement of respiratory antiviral defenses by beneficial immunobiotic microorganisms such as Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505. The ability of beneficial microorganisms to enhance type I interferons and antiviral factors in the respiratory tract, stimulate Th1 response and antibodies production, and regulate inflammation and coagulation activation during the course of viral infections reducing tissue damage and preserving lung functionally, clearly indicate the potential of immunobiotics to favorably influence the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 virus.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>inflammation, coronavirus, beneficial microbes, Respiratory viral infections, immunobiotics</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37024">
                <text>DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00699</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37025">
                <text>Frontiers in Physiology</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37026">
                <text>Frontiers Media S.A.</text>
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                <text>Physiology</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Immune Response, Inflammation, and the Clinical Spectrum of COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Luis F. García</text>
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                <text>The current COVID-19 pandemic began in December 2019 in Wuhan (China) and rapidly extended to become a global sanitary and economic emergency. Its etiological agent is the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 presents a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations, which ranges from an asymptomatic infection to a severe pneumonia accompanied by multisystemic failure that can lead to a patient's death. The immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is known to involve all the components of the immune system that together appear responsible for viral elimination and recovery from the infection. Nonetheless, such immune responses are implicated in the disease's progression to a more severe and lethal process. This review describes the general aspects of both COVID-19 and its etiological agent SARS-CoV-2, stressing the similarities with other severe coronavirus infections, such as SARS and MERS, but more importantly, pointing toward the evidence supporting the hypothesis that the clinical spectrum of COVID-19 is a consequence of the corresponding variable spectrum of the immune responses to the virus. The critical point where progression of the disease ensues appears to center on loss of the immune regulation between protective and altered responses due to exacerbation of the inflammatory components. Finally, it appears possible to delineate certain major challenges deserving of exhaustive investigation to further understand COVID-19 immunopathogenesis, thus helping to design more effective diagnostic, therapeutic, and prophylactic strategies.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>cytokines, Antibodies, immune response, T cells, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37033">
                <text>DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01441</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37034">
                <text>Frontiers in Immunology</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37035">
                <text>Frontiers Media S.A.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="37036">
                <text>Immunologic diseases. Allergy</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Neuromuscular diseases and Covid-19: Advices from scientific societies and early observations in Italy</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37038">
                <text>Corrado Angelini, Gabriele Siciliano</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37039">
                <text>The risk of a severe course of COVID-19 is increased in patients suffering with Neuromuscular disorders (NMD) due to the following comorbidities: muscular weakness of the chest and diaphragm, use of ventilator supports and/or presence of tracheostoma, weak airway clearance, cardiac involvement, rhabdomyolysis, comoribities, steroid and immunosuppressant treatments. NMD display varying levels of disability in people with the same diagnosis, thus it is difficult to give COVID-19 related general recommendations. Present advicess were designed for patients, caregivers, general neurologists and non-specialist medical providers. They address frequently asked questions and basic service requirements and are supported by a series of in-depth references. In this truly unprecedented situation, the clinical management of neuromuscular patients during the COVID-19 epidemics - taking into account the related difficulties (patients who have suspended ERT, difficulty in contacting the doctors, etc.) - we propose to use a telemedicine device, i.e. the AIGkit application (AIGkit app), promoted and developed in 2018 by Fabrizio Seidita on behalf of the Italian Glycogenosis Association (AIG). The app was born to allow patients with Pompe disease to receive as far as possible continuous monitoring of their health. The support of all colleagues of the Italian Association for Myology (AIM) should extend its use to all NMD patients and beyond.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37040">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37041">
                <text>neuromuscular disorders, aim, COVID-19, advice from scientific societies, AIGkit application</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37042">
                <text>DOI: 10.4081/ejtm.0.9032</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37043">
                <text>European Journal of Translational Myology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37044">
                <text>PAGEPress Publications</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="37045">
                <text>Medicine, Human anatomy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
