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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Prior Routine Use of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) and Important Outcomes in Hospitalised Patients with COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Eilidh Bruce, Fenella Barlow-Pay, Roxanna Short, Arturo Vilches-Moraga, Angeline Price, Aine McGovern, Philip Braude, Michael  J. Stechman, Susan Moug, Kathryn McCarthy, Jonathan Hewitt, Ben Carter, Phyo  Kyaw Myint</text>
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                <text>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection causes acute lung injury, resulting from aggressive inflammation initiated by viral replication. There has been much speculation about the potential role of non-steroidal inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which increase the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a binding target for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) to enter the host cell, which could lead to poorer outcomes in COVID-19 disease. The aim of this study was to examine the association between routine use of NSAIDs and outcomes in hospitalised patients with COVID-19. This was a multicentre, observational study, with data collected from adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to eight UK hospitals. Of 1222 patients eligible to be included, 54 (4.4%) were routinely prescribed NSAIDs prior to admission. Univariate results suggested a modest protective effect from the use of NSAIDs, but in the multivariable analysis, there was no association between prior NSAID use and time to mortality (adjusted HR (aHR) = 0.89, 95% CI 0.52–1.53, p = 0.67) or length of stay (aHR 0.89, 95% CI 0.59–1.35, p = 0.58). This study found no evidence that routine NSAID use was associated with higher COVID-19 mortality in hospitalised patients; therefore, patients should be advised to continue taking these medications until further evidence emerges. Our findings suggest that NSAID use might confer a modest benefit with regard to survival. However, as this finding was underpowered, further research is required.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs</text>
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                <text>10.3390/jcm9082586</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Improvement of an Online Education Model with the Integration of Machine Learning and Data Analysis in an LMS</text>
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                <text>William Villegas-Ch, Xavier Palacios-Pacheco, Milton Román-Cañizares</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The events that took place in the year 2020 have shown us that society is still fragile and that it is exposed to events that rapidly change the paradigms that govern it. This has been shown by a pandemic like Coronavirus disease 2019; this global emergency has changed the way people interact, communicate, study, or work. In short, the way in which society carries out all activities has changed. This includes education, which has bet on the use of information and communication technologies to reach students. An example of the aforementioned is the use of learning management systems, which have become ideal environments for resource management and the development of activities. This work proposes the integration of technologies, such as artificial intelligence and data analysis, with learning management systems in order to improve learning. This objective is outlined in a new normality that seeks robust educational models, where certain activities are carried out in an online mode, surrounded by technologies that allow students to have virtual assistants to guide them in their learning.</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>machine learning, artificial intelligence, online education, analysis of data</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>10.3390/app10155371</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Biology (General), Chemistry, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Technology, Physics</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Preliminary Exploration of the Cause of Liver Disorders During Early Stages in COVID-19 Patients</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Xiaojie Huang, Hao Wu, Tong Zhang, Yu Chen, Yuan Gao, Qi Li, Hongbo Shi, Yingmei Feng, Lianchun Liang, Dexi Chen, Ronghua Jin</text>
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                <text>Background: Abnormal liver function is a common indication of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Two proposed mechanisms are liver injury mediated by angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the involvement of the systemic immune response. We investigated the role played by these to determine the cause of liver abnormality in the early stages of COVID-19.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among confirmed cases of COVID-19 at Beijing Youan Hospital from January 21, 2020, to February 24, 2020. We compared clinical characteristics, viremia status, and cytokine profile on admission between patients with and without liver disorder.Results: Of the 44 COVID-19 patients analyzed, there were no differences in the clinical symptoms and signs, disease severity, or computed tomography (CT) image features between the two groups. Lymphopenia was more common in the liver disorder group. Further, C-reactive protein levels were much higher in the hepatic disorder group, with significantly higher concentrations of IL-6, IL-10, and M-CSF. Viremia was detected in only 7% of patients.Conclusions: Due to the infrequency of viremia, ACE2-mediated viral hepatitis does not seem to account for the commonly observed liver disorders in COVID-19 patients. By contrast, a dysregulated immune response may be a crucial pathogenic factor for liver disorder in the early stages of COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>Cytokines, covid-19, immune response, early stage, liver injury</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>10.3389/fmed.2020.00501</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
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                <text>Medicine (General)</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Coleção de mapas temporais como auxílio na representação da difusão da COVID-19 no Estado de Santa Catarina</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Vivian   Reginato, Eduardo Ribeiro, Paulo Fernando  Meliani, Samuel  de Souza Fernandez, André Felipe Bozio</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>A cartografia tem por finalidade apresentar informações precisas espacializadas na forma de mapas e simbologia específica e a análise de dados em epidemiologia se vale da cartografia há mais de 200 anos para representar os eixos de tempo, pessoa e lugar e verificar as possíveis associações entre exposição e efeito. Mais do que somente permitir a comunicação e o relato histórico, os mapas são suportes à tomada de decisão política em diversas oportunidades onde a informação geográfica é necessária. Para colaborar na tomada de decisão este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar o histórico da COVID-19 por coleção de mapas temporais, utilizando como estudo de caso a difusão da doença no estado de Santa Catarina (SC) entre os dias 12/03/2020 e 11/05/2020. Como metodologia se realizou uma pesquisa histórica e documental, organização de banco de dados geográficos e também a produção de mapas temáticos. Como resultados foram produzidos relatos qualitativos diários e mapas da contaminação externa e comunitária da doença (mapas a cada 10 dias com os números de casos confirmados e óbitos). Conclui-se que a rota de difusão do COVID-19 coincidiu com a dos eixos rodoviários principais de SC, como o da BR-101, que articula os municípios litorâneos e pré-litorâneos do estado, bem como das BR-282 e BR-153, que integram os municípios do Oeste catarinense, notadamente Concórdia e Chapecó, importantes centros agroindustriais fortemente afetados pela doença.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, pandemia, mapas epidemiológicos, coleção de mapas temporais</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="39410">
                <text>10.21166/metapre.v3i0.1335</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>General Works</text>
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                <text>Metodologia de geolocalização para mapeamento intraurbano de COVID-19 em Santa Maria, RS</text>
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                <text>Natália Lampert Batista, Maurício Rizzatti, Pedro Leonardo Cezar Spode, Douglas Bouvier Erthal, Rivaldo Mauro de Faria, Anderson Augusto Volpato Sccoti, Carina Petsch, Iago Turba Costa, Romario Trentin</text>
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                <text>O presente ensaio metodológico apresenta como produto cartográfico o mapa do número de casos confirmados de COVID-19 por bairro na área urbana de Santa Maria, RS – 16/05/2020 (n = 100) – Casos acumulados, bem como uma breve explicação metodológica dos procedimentos técnicos adotados em sua confecção. Destacou-se a metodologia para geocodificação intraurbana no espaço urbano de Santa Maria, RS, e uma breve descrição do produto obtido para os casos acumulados até a 20ª Semana Epidemiológica (SE). O produto cartográfico e a metodologia demostram eficiência para a interpretação dos dados na cidade média citada e contribuem para a gestão em saúde local.</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Jakob Kreye, S Momsen Reincke, Harald Prüss</text>
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                <text>10.1038/s41577-020-00458-y</text>
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                <text>Nature reviews. Immunology</text>
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                <text>COVID-19 from the Perspective of a Gastroenterologist</text>
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                <text>Sun-Jin Boo</text>
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                <text>The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the worldwide pandemic of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) On March 11, 2020, just three months after the first outbreak of COVID-19 caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in China in December 2019. COVID-19 is a contagious disease that can affect anyone, anytime, anywhere, and has had a huge impact on our lives, including social, economic, educational, and cultural life. In this paper, I would like to explore the issues related to COVID-19 in the gastroenterology and share the experiences of domestic and overseas gastroenterologists, and ultimately toseek ways to effectively prepare for and cope with the pandemic era of COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, pandemics, Gastroenterology</text>
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                <text>10.4166/kjg.2020.76.1.4</text>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Using interactive technologies and distance learning in sustainable education</text>
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                <text>Rybakova Anna, Shcheglova Aleksandra, Bogatov Denis, Alieva Liudmila</text>
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                <text>This paper focuses on the use of interactive technologies and distance learning in sustainable education. It discusses how remote learning technologies can positively influence students’ learning and entry in sustainable education. The paper looks at the use of distance learning in higher education as a means to help students in the built environment and its use within the education system. It studies and expands the theoretical research on the benefits of distance learning, where the study is remote and there is no personal contact with staff or students, and examines the impact of distance learning on the student’s learning experience. It also proposes and evaluates potential solutions to overcome the barriers to learning in the built environment and create successful virtual learning communities, recognising that such improvements must be reconciled with the primary benefits identified. The paper provides an overview of sustainable distance learning within higher education and discusses the differences between learning outside the structural environment of a profession, what it means for the student’s learning experience and the potential to overcome barriers to distance learning. This is a very timely topic in the times of COVID-10 pandemic. Lockdowns of the economy and social life impacted all spheres of education with schools and universities closed for long periods of time and all teaching moved to online and distance mode. However, coronavirus pandemic also brought the digital surge in the system of education, including the sustainable education. All these innovations might stay after the pandemic and help the education to evolve and to embrace more novel trends and technologies.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>10.1051/e3sconf/202125007003</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Environmental sciences</text>
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                <text>The coronavirus as test of resistance to European integration: limits of constitutional dialogue</text>
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                <text>Serafin Pazos-Vidal</text>
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                <text>This article aims to provide an analysis of the European Union's response to the coronavirus crisis, particularly in relation to multilevel relations with Member States. The mainly financial response to the crisis and the political and legal readings of it are examined. The Coronavirus is conceived as an accelerator of the integration process. The possible need for expansion of competencies and the performance of institutions are considered. The Next Generation EU recovery plan is examined and specifically the post-COVID-19 structural reforms. Finally, the validity of multilevel constitutionalism in the times of coronavirus is examined under the Weiss judgment of the German constitutional court.</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, UNIÓN EUROPEA, Reformas estructurales, Constitucionalismo multinivel, tribunal de justicia</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Targeting coagulation activation in severe COVID-19 pneumonia: lessons from bacterial pneumonia and sepsis</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Ricardo J. José, Andrew Williams, Ari Manuel, Jeremy S. Brown, Rachel C. Chambers</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has rapidly spread throughout the world, resulting in a pandemic with high mortality. There are no effective treatments for the management of severe COVID-19 and current therapeutic trials are focused on antiviral therapy and attenuation of hyper-inflammation with anti-cytokine therapy. Severe COVID-19 pneumonia shares some pathological similarities with severe bacterial pneumonia and sepsis. In particular, it disrupts the haemostatic balance, which results in a procoagulant state locally in the lungs and systemically. This culminates in the formation of microthrombi, disseminated intravascular coagulation and multi-organ failure. The deleterious effects of exaggerated inflammatory responses and activation of coagulation have been investigated in bacterial pneumonia and sepsis and there is recognition that although these pathways are important for the host immune response to pathogens, they can lead to bystander tissue injury and are negatively associated with survival. In the past two decades, evidence from preclinical studies has led to the emergence of potential anticoagulant therapeutic strategies for the treatment of patients with pneumonia, sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome, and some of these anticoagulant approaches have been trialled in humans. Here, we review the evidence from preclinical studies and clinical trials of anticoagulant treatment strategies in bacterial pneumonia and sepsis, and discuss the importance of these findings in the context of COVID-19.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.1183/16000617.0240-2020</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="39459">
                <text>European Respiratory Review</text>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>European Respiratory Society</text>
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          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Diseases of the respiratory system</text>
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