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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Coping of Chinese Citizens Living in Spain during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons for Personal Well-Being and Social Cohesion</text>
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                <text>Mengna Guo, Mar Joanpere, Cristina Pulido, Maria Padrós Cuxart</text>
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                <text>Chinese citizens in China were the first affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. Nevertheless, the disease rapidly spread around the world, leading to the worst pandemic experienced in modern societies. Spain has become one of the countries more severely affected by it, while having a large Chinese community. This study aims to explore the perception of Chinese citizens living in Spain regarding the outbreak in their host country. Communicative interviews were conducted with ten Chinese men and women who had been living in Spain for at least five years. Results show cultural differences in the coping strategies of the Chinese as a response to the pandemic, which differ from those observed by the participants in their fellow Spanish citizens. These findings unveil the potential of integrating the cultural knowledge and coping strategies of migrant groups in the host communities in managing a pandemic, as well as the negative outcomes for social cohesion and well-being from new racism emerging in the context of COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>covid-19, well-being, Coping strategies, cultural knowledge</text>
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                <text>10.3390/su12197949</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Environmental effects of industries and plants, Renewable energy sources, Environmental sciences</text>
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                <text>Bhagavat Nepal, Prof</text>
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                <text>Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) virus made its first appearance in Wuhan, China in December 2019. It has since spread like a wild fire across the globe with over five million corona virus disease (COVID-19) confirmed cases and almost three hundred fifty thousand deaths at the time of writing this article. This could however be only the tip of the iceberg considering the contagious nature of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the rate at which it is spreading across the globe. China did well to contain the virus with strict lockdown measures, sealing the affected areas, active case finding, tracing, tracking and treating the COVID-19 cases at an astonishing speed. In the absence of specific treatment available as yet, treatment consists of mainly symptomatic management with some experimental medications. Antivirals, specifically Remdesivir has been a strong candidate for the treatment of COVID-19. However, it has yet to receive universal acceptance for the treatment of COVID-19. Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine seem to be effective in limiting the replication of SARS-CoV-2 virus in vitro. COVID-19 is highly pandemic in countries where malaria is least prevalent and least pandemic in countries where malaria is highly prevalent. These findings suggest the hypothesis that anti-malarial drugs have efficacy in the treatment of COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>Journal of Lumbini Medical College</text>
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                <text>Lumbini Medical College</text>
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                <text>Medicine (General)</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Coping with COVID-19 in a non-democratic system: Policy lessons from Thailand’s centralised government</text>
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                <text>Piyapong Boossabong, Pobsook Chamchong</text>
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                <text>Policy analysis in Thailand during these turbulent times (COVID-19) is based mainly on expert opinion expressed under a highly centralised and non-democratic political system. However, the government’s claim of scientific rationality shows that political reasons are at play behind the scenes. Moreover, this policy domain does not interact well with the social domain as it is missing the social, contextual and experiential constructions of policy problems and solutions. Scientists are less sensitive to the social mood and fears and are thus unable to cope effectively with the psychological impact of the crisis. The static governmental mechanism also fails to work well with existing organic and flexible governance practices at a local level. This article thus suggests the importance of underscoring the need for efforts to decentralise and re-democratise political systems and suggests the practice of ‘safety participation’ to better articulate and integrate the essential relationships between science, politics and citizens.</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Pandemic, Interpretive Policy Analysis, policy paradox, critical policy studies</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Political institutions and public administration (General)</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Coping with COVID-19: Exposure to COVID-19 and Negative Impact on Livelihood Predict Elevated Mental Health Problems in Chinese Adults</text>
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                <text>Jing Guo, Marinus H. Van IJzendoorn, Xiao Hua Wang, Xing Lin Feng</text>
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                <text>The COVID-19 pandemic might lead to more mental health problems. However, few studies have examined sleep problems, depression, and posttraumatic symptoms among the general adult population during the COVID-19 outbreak, and little is known about coping behaviors. This survey was conducted online in China from February 1st to February 10th, 2020. Quota sampling was used to recruit 2993 Chinese citizens aged ≥18 years old. Mental health problems were assessed with the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Exposure to COVID-19 was measured with questions about residence at outbreak, personal exposure, media exposure, and impact on livelihood. General coping style was measured by the brief Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Respondents were also asked 12 additional questions about COVID-19 specific coping behaviors. Direct exposure to COVID-19 instead of the specific location of (temporary) residence within or outside the epicenter (Wuhan) of the pandemic seems important (standardized beta: 0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02–0.09). Less mental health problems were also associated with less intense exposure through the media (standardized beta: −0.07, 95% CI: −0.10–−0.03). Perceived negative impact of the pandemic on livelihood showed a large effect size in predicting mental health problems (standardized beta: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10–0.19). More use of cognitive and prosocial coping behaviors were associated with less mental health problems (standardized beta: −0.30, 95% CI: −0.34–−0.27). Our study suggests that the mental health consequences of the lockdown impact on livelihood should not be underestimated. Building on cognitive coping behaviors reappraisal or cognitive behavioral treatments may be most promising.</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113857</text>
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                <text>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health</text>
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                <text>Jing Guo, Xing  Lin Feng, Xiao  Hua Wang, Marinus  H. van IJzendoorn</text>
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          </element>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The COVID-19 pandemic might lead to more mental health problems. However, few studies have examined sleep problems, depression, and posttraumatic symptoms among the general adult population during the COVID-19 outbreak, and little is known about coping behaviors. This survey was conducted online in China from February 1st to February 10th, 2020. Quota sampling was used to recruit 2993 Chinese citizens aged ≥18 years old. Mental health problems were assessed with the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders (PTSD) Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression inventory, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Exposure to COVID-19 was measured with questions about residence at outbreak, personal exposure, media exposure, and impact on livelihood. General coping style was measured by the brief Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ). Respondents were also asked 12 additional questions about COVID-19 specific coping behaviors. Direct exposure to COVID-19 instead of the specific location of (temporary) residence within or outside the epicenter (Wuhan) of the pandemic seems important (standardized beta: 0.05, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.02–0.09). Less mental health problems were also associated with less intense exposure through the media (standardized beta: −0.07, 95% CI: −0.10–−0.03). Perceived negative impact of the pandemic on livelihood showed a large effect size in predicting mental health problems (standardized beta: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.10–0.19). More use of cognitive and prosocial coping behaviors were associated with less mental health problems (standardized beta: −0.30, 95% CI: −0.34–−0.27). Our study suggests that the mental health consequences of the lockdown impact on livelihood should not be underestimated. Building on cognitive coping behaviors reappraisal or cognitive behavioral treatments may be most promising.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2020</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83389">
                <text>mental health, covid-19, Depression, insomnia, Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83390">
                <text>10.3390/ijerph17113857</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="83391">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="83392">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Medicine</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>COPING WITH COVID-19: URGENT NEED FOR BUILDING RESILIENCE THROUGH COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14824">
                <text>Farooq Naeem, Muhammad Irfan, Afzal Javed</text>
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                <text>At the start of 2020, originating from Wuhan city, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started to spread throughout China.1 The World Health Organization has declared this to be a pandemic.2 Both healthcare workers and the general public have been experiencing psychological problems, including anxiety, depression, and stress, as a result of the rapidly increasing numbers of confirmed cases and deaths.3 Isolation strategies are used throughout the world to limit the spread of the virus. While these strategies are essential in protecting lives, isolation might add to the stress and is highly likely to lead to emotional health problems.4 It is difficult to predict the long-term physical and mental health consequences of COVID-19. However, an economic crisis is highly likely to follow that might worsen the mental and emotional health problems across the nations.5. There is a need to develop and test evidence-based interventions that can help build resilient communities to help people cope with the current situation, deal with physical health issues as well as the personal trauma, and most importantly to prevent future emotional and mental health problems. Such intervention should also be low cost, easy to deliver in a variety of formats at a public health scale. We believe Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is the ideal interventional tool to build resilience.    The philosophical origins of cognitive therapy can be traced back to stoic philosophers. Epictetus famously wrote in “The Enchiridion,”“Men are disturbed not by things but by the view which they take of them.” CBT originated with the formulation of a cognitive model of depressive illness, which evolved from systematic clinical observations and experimental testing.6 CBT is an active, directive, structured, and time-limited approach to treat a variety of problems. It is based on the principle that a person’s emotions and behaviours are primarily determined by the way in which he perceives the world. The cognitions (thoughts) are based on assumptions or attitudes, developed from previous experiences. Therapeutic techniques are used to identify, reality test, and correct distorted thinking patterns and the dysfunctional beliefs underlying these thinking patterns. The therapist helps the patient to think and act more realistically and adaptively about his psychological problems and thus reduce symptoms. The cognitive model postulates three specific concepts to explain the psychological basis of depressive illness; (a) the cognitive triad i.e., what a person thinks about the self, others and the future, (b) dysfunctional beliefs i.e., beliefs that are formed during early development and are triggered when a person faces a challenging situation and the (c) cognitive errors. The common cognitive errors include; black and white thinking, jumping to conclusions, overgeneralization, minimization and magnification, personalization, selective abstraction and catastrophization.6  We all make “cognitive errors”; however, most of us can deal with these. A person with high levels of vulnerability to emotional or mental health problems or facing high levels of stress might fail to address their cognitive errors. It has been suggested that when faced with a challenging situation, a person might catastrophize such as, “This is horrible, I am not going to survive Corona,   or “What is the point. We all are going to die”. They might then feel low, experience hopelessness, and stop attempting to keep themselves safe during the pandemic. In CBT, the therapist helps a person in identify their automatic, negative thoughts and unhelpful behaviours, and eventually modify the thoughts and behaviours. They specifically teach them empowering skills to help them manage the situation, help develop healthy coping skills and deal with their concerns such as isolation. However, CBT is not promoting positive emotions. So, rather than saying “don’t worry, everything is going to be fine” the therapist will help the person to examine the current evidence, so that they develop a rational understanding of the situation, such as “yes, it is an uncertain situation, but prevention has saved many lives and the rates of recovery among those infected is very high”. Additionally, the therapist might use normalization, behavioral activation with a particular focus on physical activities, lifestyle changes and stress, and sleep management to help the person.    CBT is recommended by the national guidelines to treat mental and emotional health problems in most developed nations.7,8 The effects of CBT have been studied for various disorders and health problems.9,10 There is also evidence to suggest that CBT delivered through the internet can directly help health problems.11 Third wave CBT approaches such as mindfulness and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) have also been used to help those with chronic physical conditions.12 CBT has also been adapted for use across cultures and sub-cultures.13,14  Most importantly, evidence from research suggests that CBT can be used to increase resilience.15 Resilience, which is described as the ability to recover readily from adversity and individuals using positive emotions in adverse circumstances have been found to be resilient.16 It is evident from the literature that highly resilient individuals nurture their positive emotionsproactively.16 This certainly has implications for managing stress, boredom, and change. As resilience has been associated with better coping with mental and physical health problems and healthy aging.17 There is evidence to suggest that resilience can act as a protective factor against the development of psychopathology among those facing challenges.18     Resilience impacts both the illness process and outcome in health. According to a systematic review, resilience plays an important role in the treatment of chronic diseases, such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Chagas disease.19 A negative relationship between resilience and common mental disorders (depression, anxiety, and somatization) has also been suggested in the same systematic review. Another important finding of the review was the inverse correlation between resilience scores and the progression of various illnesses and an association of resilience with health promotional behaviour and quality of life.19  While several Multimedia based or face-to-face programmes have assessed the usefulness of CBT for resilience in a variety of populations,20 it has not been used to build resilience in persons facing challenging situations to help ease their distress and to prevent the development of psychopathology. CBT is an ideal intervention for victims of humanitarian crises such as earthquakes, floods, wars related trauma, and pandemics as it is evidence-based, structured, low cost, and can be delivered in a variety of formats, including online platforms. There is an urgent need to develop and test CBT based programs that focus on building resilience that can be used on a public health level to help persons facing challenges at national or global levels. We, therefore, believe that developing and testing CBT based interventions to build resilience among those facing challenging situations is a need of time.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>COVID-19, COVID-19 pandemic, 2019 novel coronavirus infection, coronavirus disease-19, Cognitive behavioral therapy, CBT</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.35845/kmuj.2020.20194</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14829">
                <text>Khyber Medical University Journal</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Khyber Medical University</text>
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                <text>EN</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Coping with more than COVID-19.</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="53550">
                <text>Kelley Swain</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30322-9</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="53553">
                <text>The Lancet. Child &amp; adolescent health</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Coping With the COVID-19 Pandemic: Examining Gender Differences in Stress and Mental Health Among University Students</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="58567">
                <text>Robert L. Gabrys, Alfonso Abizaid, Rebecca Prowse, Frances Sherratt, Kim G. C. Hellemans, Zachary R. Patterson, Robyn J. McQuaid, Robyn J. McQuaid, Robyn J. McQuaid</text>
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                <text>The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed a wide variety of unprecedented challenges, many of which appear to be disproportionately affecting the mental health and well-being of young adults. While there is evidence to suggest university students experience high rates of mental health disorders, less is known about the specific impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on student mental health and how they are coping with this stress. To address this gap, we conducted an online study among undergraduate students (n = 366) to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on academics, social isolation, and mental health, as well as the extent to which they have been implementing a variety of coping strategies. The pandemic had a more pronounced negative effect on female students' academics, social isolation, stress and mental health compared to male counterparts. Moreover, for females, frequent use of social media as a coping mechanism was associated with greater perceived negative impacts on their academic performance and stress levels, compared to males. However, frequent social media use related to similar negative mental health effects for both males and females. While male and female students both reported using substances to cope, for males the use of cannabis was associated with greater negative impacts on academic outcomes, stress and mental health compared to females. These findings highlight the need for adequate student support services across the post-secondary sector, and point to the importance of gender informed interventions to address the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="58570">
                <text>mental health, covid-19, Stress, Coping, university students, emerging adults</text>
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                <text>10.3389/fpsyt.2021.650759</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="58572">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Psychiatry</text>
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                  <text>Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Agricultura sostenible</text>
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                <text>Coping With Water Shortage: An Update on the Role of K+, Cl-, and Water Membrane Transport Mechanisms on Drought Resistance</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="147678">
                <text>Manuel Nieves-Cordones, Francisco García-Sánchez, Juan G. Pérez-Pérez, Jose M. Colmenero-Flores, Francisco Rubio, Miguel A. Rosales</text>
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                <text>Drought is now recognized as the abiotic stress that causes most problems in agriculture, mainly due to the strong water demand from intensive culture and the effects of climate change, especially in arid/semi-arid areas. When plants suffer from water deficit (WD), a plethora of negative physiological alterations such as cell turgor loss, reduction of CO2 net assimilation rate, oxidative stress damage, and nutritional imbalances, among others, can lead to a decrease in the yield production and loss of commercial quality. Nutritional imbalances in plants grown under drought stress occur by decreasing water uptake and leaf transpiration, combined by alteration of nutrient uptake and long-distance transport processes. Plants try to counteract these effects by activating drought resistance mechanisms. Correct accumulation of salts and water constitutes an important portion of these mechanisms, in particular of those related to the cell osmotic adjustment and function of stomata. In recent years, molecular insights into the regulation of K+, Cl-, and water transport under drought have been gained. Therefore, this article brings an update on this topic. Moreover, agronomical practices that ameliorate drought symptoms of crops by improving nutrient homeostasis will also be presented.</text>
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                <text>2019</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="147681">
                <text>Potassium, Water transport, chloride, drought stress, plant, water deficit</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.3389/fpls.2019.01619</text>
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                <text>Frontiers in Plant Science</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="147684">
                <text>Frontiers Media S.A.</text>
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                <text>Plant culture</text>
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            <description>A related resource</description>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01619/full" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"&gt;https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2019.01619/full&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Copper-Alloy Surfaces and Cleaning Regimens against the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Dentistry and Orthopedics. From Fomites to Anti-Infective Nanocoatings</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="50673">
                <text>Claudio Poggio, Marco Colombo, Carla  Renata Arciola, Tiziana Greggi, Andrea Scribante, Alberto Dagna</text>
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                <text>The latest diffusion of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), has involved the whole world population. Even if huge efforts to control the pandemic have been done, the viral spread is still continuing. COVID-19 is reported as a zoonosis jumped from bats and pangolins to humans. After infection in humans, SARS-CoV-2 is found in the nasopharyngeal and salivary secretions. The virus has also been detected in the blood plasma of infected patients. The viral spread occurs through droplets exhaled from the nose and mouth of the infected people when they breath or talk, or through droplets propelled as a dense cloud by chough or sneeze. The virus can also be delivered as an aerosol from blood plasma, through surgical procedures. Following these ways, the virus can disperse in the air, then reaching and settling on the exposed surfaces. How long the virus will survive on a surface depends on the material the surface is made from. Infection via high-touch surfaces should be prevented. Copper alloy coatings, combined with efficient hygienic/disinfectant procedures and careful surgical practice, could be helpful to health protection in dental practice and can also be adopted in orthopedic traumatology.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, health-care-associated infection, SARS-CoV-2, environmental contamination, copper, Cu nanoparticles</text>
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                <text>10.3390/ma13153244</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="50679">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="50680">
                <text>Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Technology, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, Microscopy, Descriptive and experimental mechanics</text>
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