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                <text>Like severe influenza, coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has emerged as an important disease that predisposes patients to secondary pulmonary aspergillosis, with 35 cases of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) published until June 2020. The release of danger-associated molecular patterns during severe COVID-19 results in both pulmonary epithelial damage and inflammatory disease, which are predisposing risk factors for pulmonary aspergillosis. Moreover, collateral effects of host recognition pathways required for the activation of antiviral immunity may, paradoxically, contribute to a highly permissive inflammatory environment that favors fungal pathogenesis. Diagnosis of CAPA remains challenging, mainly because bronchoalveolar lavage fluid galactomannan testing and culture, which represent the most sensitive diagnostic tests for aspergillosis in the ICU, are hindered by the fact that bronchoscopies are rarely performed in COVID-19 patients due to the risk of disease transmission. Similarly, autopsies are rarely performed, which may result in an underestimation of the prevalence of CAPA. Finally, the treatment of CAPA is complicated by drug–drug interactions associated with broad spectrum azoles, renal tropism and damage caused by SARS-CoV-2, which may challenge the use of liposomal amphotericin B, as well as the emergence of azole-resistance. This clinical reality creates an urgency for new antifungal drugs currently in advanced clinical development with more promising pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles.</text>
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                <text>M Sohrabi, S Alirezaie, Sh Amini</text>
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                <text>Background and Aim: The rapid outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China has led to a public health crisis. Dental professionals have a major role in preventing the viral infection cycle. This study targeted to investigate the knowledge of 140 dental assistants in Tehran, Iran, about COVID-19. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Tehran, Iran, using a 27-item questionnaire, which consisted of 7 multiple-choice questions about the demographic information of the participants and 20 multiple-choice questions about their awareness. The data were analyzed with multivariable generalized estimating equations (GEE) using student t-test. Results: A total of 140 participants (22 males and 118 females with a mean age of 29.40±6.21 years) responded to the questionnaire. The majority of respondents (91.4%) mentioned cough and fever as the main symptoms of COVID-19 infection. Tooth extraction and root canal therapy were mentioned as emergency treatments according to 98.6% of respondents. 89.3% of respondents chose phone calls as the best screening tool. The knowledge and attitude of participants showed a significant correlation with their educational degree. Conclusion: The knowledge of dental assistants about COVID-19 infection was fair. The participants’ awareness showed no correlation with their gender, work experience, place of occupation, and the specialty of the dentist that they assist.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Knowledge, Dental care</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Dentistry</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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                <text>COVID-19 battle: Measures implemented at a tertiary eye care center in South India</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="47051">
                <text>Iva Rani Kalita, Harsh Vardhan Singh, Rengaraj Venkatesh, K Veena, Natarajan Vengadesan, K Kalaivendan</text>
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                <text>The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 has already taken on pandemic proportions, affecting over 100 countries in a matter of weeks. A global response to prepare health systems worldwide is imperative. Specific containment measures are needed to reduce the risk of spread while simultaneously maintaining the emergency health services. The purpose of this article is to propose the simple and effective measures implemented in our institution to ensure the minimum risk of COVID spread while taking care of the emergency patients. Effectiveness of these measures is still in the early phase of testing, but in view of lack of personal protective equipment for health caregivers, these measures could be implemented with ease and will be helpful in reducing the risk of exposure in both ophthalmic and nonophthalmic institutions.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid, corona, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, ophthalmological measures</text>
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                <text>10.4103/kjo.kjo_48_20</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>Biotemas</text>
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                <text>Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina</text>
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                <text>Ophthalmology</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="87968">
                <text>COVID-19 Can Catalyze the Modernization of Medical Education</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="87969">
                <text>Chen, Cathy Hsi, Mullen, Alexander Joseph</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Amid the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis, we have witnessed true physicianship as our frontline doctors apply clinical problem-solving to an illness without a textbook algorithm. Yet, for over a century, medical education in the United States has plowed ahead with a system that prioritizes content delivery over problem-solving. As resident trainees, we are acutely aware that memorizing content is not enough. We need a preclinical system designed to steer early learners from “know” to “know how.” Education leaders have long advocated for such changes to the medical school structure. For what may be the first time, we have a real chance to effect change. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, medical educators have scrambled to conform curricula to social distancing mandates. The resulting online infrastructures are a rare chance for risk-averse medical institutions to modernize how we train our future physicians—starting by eliminating the traditional classroom lecture. Institutions should capitalize on new digital infrastructures and curricular flexibility to facilitate the eventual rollout of flipped classrooms—a system designed to cultivate not only knowledge acquisition but problem-solving skills and creativity. These skills are more vital than ever for modern physicians.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="87972">
                <text>10.2196/19725</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="87973">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Medicine (General), Special aspects of education</text>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <name>Text</name>
      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>COVID-19 Cases and Death in Nursing Homes: The Role of Racial and Ethnic Composition of Facilities and Their Communities.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="75983">
                <text>Shubing Cai, Di Yan, Orna Intrator</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>To examine the extent to which the racial and ethnic composition of nursing homes (NHs) and their communities affects the likelihood of COVID-19 cases and death in NHs, and whether and how the relationship between NH characteristics and COVID-19 cases and death varies with the racial and ethnic composition of the community in which an NH is located. Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicare Services Nursing Home COVID-19 data were linked with other NH- or community-level data (eg, Certification and Survey Provider Enhanced Reporting, Minimum Data Set, Nursing Home Compare, and the American Community Survey). NHs with more than 30 occupied beds (N=13,123) with weekly reported NH COVID-19 records between the weeks of June 7, 2020, and August 23, 2020. Measurements and model: Weekly indicators of any new COVID-19 cases and any new deaths (outcome variables) were regressed on the percentage of black and Hispanic residents in an NH, stratified by the percentage of blacks and Hispanics in the community in which the NH was located. A set of linear probability models with NH random effects and robust standard errors were estimated, accounting for other covariates. The racial and ethnic composition of NHs and their communities were both associated with the likelihood of having COVID-19 cases and death in NHs. The racial and ethnic composition of the community played an independent role in the likelihood of COVID-19 cases and death in NHs, even after accounting for the COVID-19 infection rate in the community (ie, daily cases per 1000 people in the county). Moreover, the racial and ethnic composition of a community modified the relationship between NH characteristics (eg, staffing) and the likelihoods of COVID-19 cases and death. To curb the COVID-19 outbreaks in NHs and protect vulnerable populations, efforts may be especially needed in communities with a higher concentration of racial and ethnic minorities. Efforts may also be needed to reduce structural racism and address social risk factors to improve quality of care and population health in communities of color.</text>
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                <text>2021</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Nursing Home, racial and ethnic differences</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.1016/j.jamda.2021.05.002</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="75988">
                <text>Journal of the American Medical Directors Association</text>
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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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      <description>A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text.</description>
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                <text>COVID-19 Cases and Deaths in India: Epidemiological Lessons and Projections from the Trend</text>
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                <text>Abhaya Indrayan</text>
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                <text>DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1712702</text>
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                <text>Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India)</text>
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                <text>National Academy of Medical Sciences</text>
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