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                  <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Five Supplementary Therapies for COVID-19</text>
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                <text>Li-Yuan Liu</text>
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                <text>The COVID-19 is characteristic of both damage of the respiratory system and the immune system or both similarities of SARS and AIDS. These features decide difficulty of specific treatment. The worldwide transmission and higher fatality rate call for new skills for prevention and treatment. Here, we recommend five supplementary therapies for COVID-19. (1) Discharging viruses from lungs by exhaling, coughing and suction are firstly emphasized. (2) Semireclining posture instead of lying supine for lightening hyperemia and edema of inflammation and dyspnea. (3) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory coldrex, such as tylenol and paracetamol, can be safely used for controlling inflammation. (4) Vitamin B2 must be used for repairing of mucous membrane of the respiratory tract and as antioxidants. (5) It is most emphasized that sulfur dioxide (SO2) produced from burning sulfur and explosion of firecrackers has a potent antimicrobial effect for air disinfectant and killing viruses in the lungs. In addition to the general therapies, all these methods or therapies can be simply and effectively supplied to patients for discharging viruses, inhibiting viruses and killing viruses, and for recovery from damages.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Therapy, Vitamin B2, sputum suction, semireclining posture, coldrex</text>
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                <text>10.2991/jracr.k.201022.001</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), Risk in industry. Risk management</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>The anxiety and loneliness levels of geriatric population in-home quarantine during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey</text>
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                <text>Oğuzhan Kılınçel, Gürkan Muratdağı, Abdülkadir Aydın, Ahmet Öksüz, Yıldız Büyükdereli Atadağ, Erkut Etçioğlu, Feride Özen</text>
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                <text>Objective: Mortality rates of COVID-19 are higheramong the elderly. Curfews have been imposed on individuals aged 65 and older to reduce contact with otherpeople. We aimed to determine anxiety and lonelinesslevels and associated factors of individuals aged 65 andover in-home quarantine. Method: We determinedsociodemographic, clinical features, information statuson COVID-19 pandemic, geriatric anxiety scale and loneliness scale for the elderly values of 290 individuals (65-90 years old) in Turkey. Results: The mean age was71.2±5.9 years, and 54.8% were male(n: 159). 87.6%followed COVID-19 process, and 88.3% received theinformation from the television. 14.1% reported significant worries about the individuals in their family, 14.1%about their social life, and 19.7% about their economicsituation. A statistically significant relationship wasobserved between the geriatric anxiety and the loneliness scale(r: 0.498, p: 0.001). Anxiety scores wereincreased 1.29 fold by loneliness scores, 3.56 fold byhaving a chronic disease and 3.26 fold by the history ofa psychiatric disorder. Discussion: We suggest that quarantine increases anxiety and loneliness levels in geriatricpopulation with a positive correlation between anxietyand loneliness levels. Having a chronic disease andHistory of a psychiatric disorder was also associated withanxiety levels. The majority of concerns is about theirfamily members, future social and economic lives. It hasbeen observed that television has become an essentialsource of information in the pandemic for the geriatricpopulation. Authorities should meet the psychosocioeconomic needs of elderly individuals, and correct information should be provided.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, Anxiety, quarantine, loneliness, geriatrics</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.5505/kpd.2020.04382</text>
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                <text>Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi</text>
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                <text>ANP Publishing</text>
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                <text>Psychiatry, Therapeutics. Psychotherapy</text>
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                  <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Utility of chest radiography on admission for initial triaging of COVID-19 in symptomatic patients</text>
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                <text>Shuvro H. Roy Choudhury, Praveen Kumar Shahi, Shubham Sharma, Raja Dhar</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>10.1183/23120541.00357-2020</text>
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                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Primary care and COVID-19: cutting the Gordian knot – the Greek experience and algorithm</text>
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                <text>Ioannis Tomos, Konstantinos Kostikas, Georgios Hillas, Petros Bakakos, Stelios Loukides</text>
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                <text>10.1183/23120541.00468-2020</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>Estimating the severity of COVID-19: Evidence from the Italian epicenter.</text>
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                <text>Paolo Buonanno, Sergio Galletta, Marcello Puca</text>
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                <text>We provide results on the level of COVID-19 excess mortality in the Italian region of Lombardy and in the province of Bergamo using official and original data sources. Since February 2020 Lombardy and in particular the province of Bergamo have been severely hit by the novel COVID-19 infectious disease. Combining official statistics, retrospective data and original data (i.e., obituaries and death notices) we provide a tentative estimate of the number of deaths either directly or indirectly, associated with COVID-19 as well as the total number of persons infected. Our findings suggest that the reported number of deaths attributable to COVID-19 identified by public authorities accounts only for one half of the observed excess mortality between March 2020 and previous years.</text>
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                <text>10.1371/journal.pone.0239569</text>
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                <text>COVID-19 Pandemisi Döneminde Bireylerin Harcamalarının İncelenmesi</text>
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                <text>Mehmet Akif Eri̇şen, Fatma Özlem Yılmaz</text>
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                <text>Araştırma COVID-19 pandemisi döneminde bireylerin cepten yaptıkları sağlık ve diğer amaçlı harcamalarının incelenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Araştırmada 484 kişiye ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmada 33 sorunun yer aldığı bir anket formu kullanılmış ve bu form yazarlar tarafından uzman görüşü alınarak hazırlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri 2020 yılı Haziran ayı içerisinde online ortamda toplanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde SPSS 20 paket programı kullanılarak tanımlayıcı istatistiksel analizlere ek olarak, Mann Whitney U ve Pearson Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada katılımcıların %61,6’sı kadınlardan oluşurken katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 30,98±10,01 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların %10,1’inin kronik rahatsızlığı bulunmakta ve %22,3’ü aynı evde risk grubundaki bireylerle yaşamaktadır. Tüm bunlara ek olarak katılımcıların %61,8’i COVID-19’u ölümcül düzeyde tehlikeli bulurken, %82,9’u Türkiye’yi COVID-19 pandemisi ile mücadelede oldukça veya çok başarılı bulmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda COVID-19 pandemisi sebepli hane bazlı harcamalar incelendiğinde sağlık amaçlı 436,1 TL, diğer amaçlı 1011,9 TL ve toplamda 1163,3 TL ortalama harcama yapıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca harcamaların yaş, medeni durum, cinsiyet ve COVID-19 tanısı alma durumuna göre farklılık gösterdiği ve harcamalar ile katılımcıların yaş, eğitim düzeyi ve Türkiye’yi pandemi ile mücadelede başarılı bulma düzeyleri arasında ilişkilerin olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.</text>
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                <text>covid-19, Pandemic, Pandemi, individual spending, bireysel harcama</text>
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                <text>10.21547/jss.787849</text>
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                <text>Nikko Darnindro, Linda Nurdewati, Annela Manurung, M Ikhsan Mokoagow, Jerry Nasarudin, Elisabeth Yasmine Wardoyo, Anggraini Permata Sari, Aryan Yohanes Djojo, Martha Iskandar, Giri Adji, Marina Epriliawati, Ifael Mauleti, Edi Mulyana, Arnold Harahap</text>
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                <text>Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease that spreads very rapidly and therefore, WHO has declared it as a global pandemic disease. The main clinical symptoms found in COVID-19 patients are cough and fever; however, in some cases, diarrhea can be one of the early symptoms. The present case report describes a patient who came with a complaint of diarrhea without fever and she was later confirmed to be positive for COVID-19 during hospitalization. The presence of unspecified initial symptoms calls for greater vigilance from health workers in establishing diagnosis patients with COVID-19.</text>
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                <text>diarrhea, covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, Indonesia, early manifestations</text>
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                <text>Acta Medica Indonesiana</text>
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                <text>Qasim Bukhari, Joseph  M. Massaro, Ralph  B. D’Agostino, Sheraz Khan</text>
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                <text>The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally and has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. While influenza virus shows seasonality, it is unknown if COVID-19 has any weather-related affect. In this work, we analyze the patterns in local weather of all the regions affected by COVID-19 globally. Our results indicate that approximately 85% of the COVID-19 reported cases until 1 May 2020, making approximately 3 million reported cases (out of approximately 29 million tests performed) have occurred in regions with temperature between 3 and 17 °C and absolute humidity between 1 and 9 g/m3. Similarly, hot and humid regions outside these ranges have only reported around 15% or approximately 0.5 million cases (out of approximately 7 million tests performed). This suggests that weather might be playing a role in COVID-19 spread across the world. However, this role could be limited in US and European cities (above 45 N), as mean temperature and absolute humidity levels do not reach these ranges even during the peak summer months. For hot and humid countries, most of them have already been experiencing temperatures &gt;35 °C and absolute humidity &gt;9 g/m3 since the beginning of March, and therefore the effect of weather, however little it is, has already been accounted for in the COVID-19 spread in those regions, and they must take strict social distancing measures to stop the further spread of COVID-19. Our analysis showed that the effect of weather may have only resulted in comparatively slower spread of COVID-19, but not halted it. We found that cases in warm and humid countries have consistently increased, accounting for approximately 500,000 cases in regions with absolute humidity &gt;9 g/m3, therefore effective public health interventions must be implemented to stop the spread of COVID-19. This also means that ‘summer’ would not alone stop the spread of COVID-19 in any part of the world.</text>
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                <text>2020</text>
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                <text>10.3390/ijerph17155399</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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                <text>O novo coronavírus, a pedagogia histórico-crítica, a sociedade de classes e o internacionalismo proletário</text>
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                <text>Paulino José Orso</text>
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                <text>Pela primeira vez na história, a humanidade vivencia um confinamento forçado que paralisou mais de 3,5 bilhões de pessoas, ou seja, mais da metade da população do planeta. Um fato inédito, que já entrou para a história, porém, da forma mais apavorante possível, gerando pânico, espalhando temor, provocando incertezas – certamente será lembrada por séculos, tanto por suas consequências econômicas, como humanas e sociais.</text>
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                <text>coronavirus, covid-19, Pedagogia histórico-crítica</text>
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                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44288">
                <text>Jaideep Chakladar, Wei  Tse Li, Weg  M. Ongkeko, Abby  C. Lee, Chengyu Chen, Eric  Y. Chang, Jessica Wang-Rodriguez</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="44289">
                <text>The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, overlaps with the ongoing epidemics of cigarette smoking and electronic cigarette (e-cig) vaping. However, there is scarce data relating COVID-19 risks and outcome with cigarette or e-cig use. In this study, we mined three independent RNA expression datasets from smokers and vapers to understand the potential relationship between vaping/smoking and the dysregulation of key genes and pathways related to COVID-19. We found that smoking, but not vaping, upregulates ACE2, the cellular receptor that SARS-CoV-2 requires for infection. Both smoking and use of nicotine and flavor-containing e-cigs led to upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inflammasome-related genes. Specifically, chemokines including CCL20 and CXCL8 are upregulated in smokers, and CCL5 and CCR1 are upregulated in flavor/nicotine-containing e-cig users. We also found genes implicated in inflammasomes, such as CXCL1, CXCL2, NOD2, and ASC, to be upregulated in smokers and these e-cig users. Vaping flavor and nicotine-less e-cigs, however, did not lead to significant cytokine dysregulation and inflammasome activation. Release of inflammasome products, such as IL-1B, and cytokine storms are hallmarks of COVID-19 infection, especially in severe cases. Therefore, our findings demonstrated that smoking or vaping may critically exacerbate COVID-19-related inflammation or increase susceptibility to COVID-19.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44290">
                <text>2020</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44291">
                <text>covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, ACE2, tobacco, electronic cigarettes, Vaping</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44292">
                <text>10.3390/ijms21155513</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44293">
                <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44294">
                <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="44295">
                <text>Biology (General), Chemistry</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
