92 10 20655 https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/3085c7ee122b0ed950bb15bcac1783e1.pdf 42cbe44507fdd8d65e636a6e7f5b928e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Curious Case of the Nidovirus Exoribonuclease: Its Role in RNA Synthesis and Replication Fidelity Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Natacha S. Ogando, François Ferron, Etienne Decroly, Bruno Canard, Clara C. Posthuma, Eric J. Snijder Description An account of the resource Among RNA viruses, the order Nidovirales stands out for including viruses with the largest RNA genomes currently known. Nidoviruses employ a complex RNA-synthesizing machinery comprising a variety of non-structural proteins (nsps). One of the postulated drivers of the expansion of nidovirus genomes is the presence of a proofreading 3′-to-5′ exoribonuclease (ExoN) belonging to the DEDDh family. ExoN may enhance the fidelity of RNA synthesis by correcting nucleotide incorporation errors made by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Here, we review our current understanding of ExoN evolution, structure, and function. Most experimental data are derived from studies of the ExoN domain of coronaviruses (CoVs), which were triggered by the bioinformatics-based identification of ExoN in the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and its relatives in 2003. Although convincing data supporting the proofreading hypothesis have been obtained, from biochemical assays and studies with CoV mutants lacking ExoN functionality, the features of ExoN from most other nidovirus families remain to be characterized. Remarkably, viable ExoN knockout mutants were obtained only for two CoVs, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) and SARS-CoV, whose RNA synthesis and replication kinetics were mildly affected by the lack of ExoN function. In several other CoV species, ExoN inactivation was not tolerated, and knockout mutants could not be rescued when launched using a reverse genetics system. This suggests that ExoN is also critical for primary viral RNA synthesis, a property that poorly matches the profile of an enzyme that would merely boost long-term replication fidelity. In CoVs, ExoN resides in a bifunctional replicase subunit (nsp14) whose C-terminal part has (N7-guanine)-methyltransferase activity. The crystal structure of SARS-CoV nsp14 has shed light on the interplay between these two domains, and on nsp14’s interactions with nsp10, a co-factor that strongly enhances ExoN activity in vitro assays. Further elucidation of the structure-function relationships of ExoN and its interactions with other (viral and/or host) members of the CoV replication machinery will be key to understanding the enzyme’s role in viral RNA synthesis and pathogenesis, and may contribute to the design of new approaches to combat emerging nidoviruses. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2019 Subject The topic of the resource nidovirus, non-structural protein 14, exoribonuclease, N7-methyltransferase, proofreading, coronavirus Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01813 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Frontiers in Microbiology Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Frontiers Media S.A. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Microbiology Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/5f949d6337b988c27fe23a2abf56c7a3.pdf 4eed4ed197556f73cbedf15341cf0889 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Detection of respiratory viruses by real-time polymerase chain reaction in outpatients with acute respiratory infection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ronaldo Bragança Martins Júnior, Sharon Carney, Daniel Goldemberg, Lucas Bonine, Liliana Cruz Spano, Marilda Siqueira, Rita Elizabeth Checon Description An account of the resource Viruses are the major contributors to the morbidity and mortality of upper and lower acute respiratory infections (ARIs) for all age groups. The aim of this study was to determine the frequencies for a large range of respiratory viruses using a sensitive molecular detection technique in specimens from outpatients of all ages with ARIs. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were obtained from 162 individuals between August 2007-August 2009. Twenty-three pathogenic respiratory agents, 18 respiratory viruses and five bacteria were investigated using multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF). Through IIF, 33 (20.4%) specimens with respiratory virus were recognised, with influenza virus representing over half of the positive samples. Through a multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay, 88 (54.3%) positive samples were detected; the most prevalent respiratory viral pathogens were influenza, human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Six cases of viral co-detection were observed, mainly involving RSV. The use of multiplex real-time RT-PCR increased the viral detection by 33.9% and revealed a larger number of respiratory viruses implicated in ARI cases, including the most recently described respiratory viruses [human bocavirus, human metapneumovirus, influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 virus, human coronavirus (HCoV) NL63 and HCoV HKU1]. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014 Subject The topic of the resource Respiratory Infections, real-time PCR, Multiplex, Viruses Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.1590/0074-0276140046 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, Microbiology Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/c334a7e4f329979dbd28155825167ec5.pdf d03c324967572cf8596edc8581717ce2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Addressing the small business tax compliance burden: Evidence from South Africa Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Sharon Smulders, Gelishan Naidoo Description An account of the resource Small businesses have the potential to grow the economy, generate jobs and reduce poverty, but they face many constraints including high tax compliance costs and burdens. A comparison of the findings and recommendations made in small business tax compliance cost studies conducted in South Africa with initiatives introduced by the South African Revenue Service (SARS), substantiated by consultations with a SARS and a South African Institute of Chartered Accountants official, reveals that SARS has, in most cases, attempted to address the tax compliance burdens identified in these studies. However, SARS has only partially addressed the complexity of the tax law, the lack of software to assist small businesses with their record-keeping and the compliance burden associated with provisional tax. SARS has failed to address the need for a threshold below which no small business tax return is required to be submitted, the inclusion of tax in the school syllabus, the requirement for first-time offenders to attend courses instead of raising penalties and the need for a reduction in the rates of interest and penalties raised by SARS. These initiatives should be considered by SARS and it is recommended that further research into the success and effectiveness of all the initiatives already introduced by SARS be performed. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2013 Subject The topic of the resource small business, South African Revenue Service (SARS), tax compliance burden, tax compliance costs, tax initiatives Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.4102/jef.v6i2.260 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Journal of Economic and Financial Sciences Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available African Online Scientific Information Systems Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Economics as a science Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/559b22afb59c988dc238c866ced355e2.pdf cc8308266a6ee5a572168ac8173a8125 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Tracing SARS-Coronavirus Variant with Large Genomic Deletion Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Rossa W.K. Chiu, Stephen S.C. Chim, Yu-kwan Tong, Kitty S. C. Fung, Paul K. S. Chan, Guo-Ping Zhao, Y.M. Dennis Lo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005 Subject The topic of the resource Letter, SARS, coronavirus, mutant, Epidemiology, Hong Kong Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1101.040544 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/cecf76292cec2c146052c297a0f1be1e.pdf f384b6d9f7500ad3c5434467438637cd Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Late Recognition of SARS in Nosocomial Outbreak, Toronto Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thomas Wong, Tamara Wallington, L. Clifford McDonald, Zahid Abbas, Michael Christian, Donald E Low, Denise Gravel, Marianna Ofner, Barbara Mederski, Lisa Berger, Lisa Hansen, Cheryl Harrison, Arlene King, Barbara Yaffe, Theresa Tam Description An account of the resource Late recognition of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was associated with no known SARS contact, hospitalization before the nosocomial outbreak was recognized, symptom onset while hospitalized, wards with SARS clusters, and postoperative status. SARS is difficult to recognize in hospitalized patients with a variety of underlying conditions in the absence of epidemiologic links. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005 Subject The topic of the resource SARS, nosocomial infections, Surveillance, dispatch, Canada Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1102.040607 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/0796b5a726b4b6bcb14e92bbd2dd50ba.pdf 03c2e5d4886be2597ece94c498a668fa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hazards of Travel—Who Will Free the Contemporary Traveler? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Polyxeni Potter Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2005 Subject The topic of the resource Bearden, Harlem Renaissance, collage, travel, SARS, West Nile Virus Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid1102.ac1102 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/7d1eafbbe6f0cfed3291d9918af0bd49.pdf ef047905c4bdbd054786c8bd76c0c2fe Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lessons from the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak in Hong Kong Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Abu S.M. Abdullah, Brian Tomlinson, Clive S. Cockram, G Neil Thomas Description An account of the resource Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is now a global public health threat with many medical, ethical, social, economic, political, and legal implications. The nonspecific signs and symptoms of this disease, coupled with a relatively long incubation period and the initial absence of a reliable diagnostic test, limited the understanding of the magnitude of the outbreak. This paper outlines our experience with public health issues that have arisen during this outbreak of SARS in Hong Kong. We confirmed that case detection, reporting, clear and timely dissemination of information, and strict infection control measures are essential in handling such an infectious disease outbreak. The need for an outbreak response unit is crucial to combat any future outbreak. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2003 Subject The topic of the resource severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Hong Kong, emerging infectious disease, outbreak control Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid0909.030366 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/a2bf403151104284dd2918004cc8f0f0.pdf e99898d6cf50854106d626f33863db4a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mild Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gang Li, Zhixin Zhao, Lubiao Chen, Yi-Hua Zhou Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2003 Subject The topic of the resource China Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid0909.030461 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/4009141139bd582ff4983ff0d47b31ce.pdf 45e47736cd2981b3730cb0882af14928 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: Lessons from Singapore Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kamaljit Singh, Li Yang Hsu, Jorge S. Villacian, Abdulrazaq Habib, Dale Fisher, Paul A. Tambyah Description An account of the resource An outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in Singapore in March 2003. To illustrate the problems in diagnosing and containing SARS in the hospital, we describe a case series and highlight changes in triage and infection control practices that resulted. By implementing these changes, we have stopped the nosocomial transmission of the virus. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2003 Subject The topic of the resource Singapore Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid0910.030388 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN https://www.socictopen.socict.org/files/original/a9c1d7fb6f041ec52dce88639b00eb46.pdf 77f74443673d52a36991f63cd530f117 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coronavirus Description An account of the resource Dominio científico: Coronavirus Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Asymptomatic Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–associated Coronavirus Infection Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harold K.K. Lee, Eugene Y.K. Tso, T. N. Chau, Owen T.Y. Tsang, W. Choi, Thomas S.T. Lai Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2003 Subject The topic of the resource Asymptomatic, coronavirus, Hong Kong, SARS, SARS-CoV, Seroconversion Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DOI: 10.3201/eid0911.030401 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Emerging Infectious Diseases Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Infectious and parasitic diseases, Medicine Language A language of the resource EN