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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Coronavirus</text>
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                <text>Dominio científico: Coronavirus</text>
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              <text>Immunopathology of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Immune Cells and Mediators, Prognostic Factors, and Immune-Therapeutic Implications</text>
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              <text>Sebastiano Gangemi, Alessandro Tonacci, Alessandro Allegra, Caterina Musolino, Mario Di Gioacchino</text>
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              <text>The present is a comprehensive review of the immunopathology of Covid-19. The immune reaction to SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by differentiation and proliferation of a variety of immune cells with immune mediator production and release, and activation of other pathogen resistance mechanisms. We fully address the humoral and cellular immune changes induced by the virus, with particular emphasis on the role of the “cytokine storm” in the evolution of the disease. Moreover, we also propose some immune alterations (i.e., inflammatory parameters, cytokines, leukocytes and lymphocyte subpopulations) as prognostic markers of the disease. Furthermore, we discuss how immune modifying drugs, such as tocilizumab, chloroquine, glucocorticoids and immunoglobulins, and blood purification therapy, can constitute a fundamental moment in the therapy of the infection. Finally, we made a critical analysis of a number of substances, not yet utilized, but potentially useful in SARS-CoV-2 patients, such as IFN lambda, TNF blockers, ulinastatin, siponimod, tacrolimus, mesenchymal stem cells, inhibitors of mononuclear macrophage recruitment, IL-1 family antagonists, JAK-2 or STAT-3 inhibitors.</text>
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              <text>2020</text>
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              <text>SARS-CoV-2, cytokine storm, immune response, T lymphocyte, IL-6, Prognostic factor</text>
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              <text>10.3390/ijms21134782</text>
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              <text>Epidemiology and Health</text>
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          <name>Publisher</name>
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              <text>Korean Society of Epidemiology</text>
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          <name>Coverage</name>
          <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <text>Biology (General), Chemistry</text>
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