Selección de abonos verdes para el manejo y rehabilitación de los suelos sulfatados ácidos de Boyacá (Colombia)

Selección de abonos verdes para el manejo y rehabilitación de los suelos sulfatados ácidos de Boyacá (Colombia)

Viteri Silvio E., Hernández Dilsa M.

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 </style> <![endif]--> <p class='MsoNormal' style='margin-bottom: 0.0001pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;'><span style='font-size: 10pt; font-family: ';Cambria';,';serif';;'>El valle de Tundama y Sugamuxi, en el departamento de Boyacá, cuenta con alrededor de 3.000 ha de terreno con suelos sulfatados ácidos (</span><span style='font-size: 10pt; font-family: ';Cambria';,';serif';;'>SSA</span><span style='font-size: 10pt; font-family: ';Cambria';,';serif';;'>), cuyo manejo requiere la aplicación de altas cantidades de gallinaza, práctica no viable desde el punto vista ambiental y de costos de producción. La presente investigación se realizó entre mayo y diciembre de 2002, con el fin de identificar, por su comportamiento agronómico, especies de abono verde con un alto potencial como fuente alternativa de materia orgánica para el manejo y rehabilitación de </span><span style='font-size: 10pt; font-family: ';Cambria';,';serif';;'>SSA</span><span style='font-size: 10pt; font-family: ';Cambria';,';serif';;'>. Las especies <span> </span>evaluadas fueron avena ‘Cajicá’ y ‘Cayuse’ (Avena sativa L.), centeno(Cecalecereale), girasol(HelianthusannusL.), maíz forrajero(Zeamays), naboforrajero(RaphanussativusL. var. OleiferusMetzg), quinua(Chenopodiumquinoa Wild),<span>  </span>remolacha forrajera (Beta vulgaris L.), rábano forrajero (Raphanusraphanistrum) yvicia(ViciasativaL.). Eldiseño experimental utilizado fue <span> </span>el de bloques completos al azar, con 10 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones. Las variablesdeterminadasfueron: porcentajedegerminacióny de cobertura, altura de planta, desarrollo de raíces, número de plantas de las especies y de arvenses y producción de materia fresca y seca. Los resultados indicaron<span>  </span>que las especies de mayor potencial para el manejo y rehabilitación de </span><span style='font-size: 10pt; font-family: ';Cambria';,';serif';;'>SSA </span><span style='font-size: 10pt; font-family: ';Cambria';,';serif';;'>fueron el nabo forrajero y el rábano forrajero, seguidas, en segundo lugar, por las avenas ‘Cajicá’ y ’Cayuse’ y, en tercer lugar, por centeno, girasol y vicia. El maíz forrajero, la quinua y la remolacha<span>  </span>forrajera no mostraron ningún potencial. Esta es una primerainvestigaciónrespecto alaidentificacióndeespecies de abono verde con potencial para el manejo y recuperación de los </span><span style='font-size: 10pt; font-family: ';Cambria';,';serif';;'>SSA </span><span style='font-size: 10pt; font-family: ';Cambria';,';serif';;'>de <span> </span>Boyacá.</span></p>

2006

Agronomía Colombiana

Centro Editorial of Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia

Plant ecology