Mild to Severe Neurological Manifestations of COVID-19: Cases Reports
subject: anosmia, Intensive care unit, Covid-19 outbreak, encephalitis thrombosis
description: The main focus of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is pulmonary complications through virus-related neurological manifestations, ranging from mild to severe, such as encephalitis, cerebral thrombosis, neurocognitive (dementia-like) syndrome, and delirium. The hospital screening procedures for quickly recognizing neurological manifestations of COVID-19 are often complicated by other coexisting symptoms and can be obscured by the deep sedation procedures required for critically ill patients. Here, we present two different case-reports of COVID-19 patients, describing neurological complications, diagnostic imaging such as olfactory bulb damage (a mild and unclear underestimated complication) and a severe and sudden thrombotic stroke complicated with hemorrhage with a low-level cytokine storm and respiratory symptom resolution. We discuss the possible mechanisms of virus entrance, together with the causes of COVID-19-related encephalitis, olfactory bulb damage, ischemic stroke, and intracranial hemorrhage.
creator: Gabriele Melegari, Veronica Rivi, Gabriele Zelent, Vincenzo Nasillo, Elena De Santis, Alessandra Melegari, Claudia Bevilacqua, Michele Zoli, Stefano Meletti, Alberto Barbieri
source: Epidemiology and Health
publisher: Korean Society of Epidemiology
date: 2021
coverage: Medicine